 2017 
===============
һȼ
ߣױ


İ
ĲȻĹ˱ط
˱ȴӶ
׷úĲȻŭѹ˱ֱӡ˵ˡ


ΪǿŮVSں
ѴͶӳVSƸŮҽ


һ仰飺ûŮֿܵ


ݱǩԵ 
ǣ  ǣ  
===============



1.

ϰ˵㣬ĲȻ߳ҽԺ¥
üͷšĿûֵҹ°ʱɡ
ֵҹ㣬һѪĲˡ
Ž̨ͨϣĨøɾѪ
岡˵ʱǯ˵˵Ҳ
󣬾Գҡ
һ˲ʦһʿ˾Դ͡
ҽиϲ񣬾ְҵְ
ĲȻ֪Լ()Ȼһֻ̣ǯץһ()ţһٿơ
峿ӵҫŴأԺſɫҴҡ
ĲȻҽԺͣסŲ۾
ĽëŨܣˢë࣬ûӰȻһŵ
ؼңĿߣ
ȥһ˾һĸġ
ĲȻЩò⡣
ͻȻ֮䣬겻ãȻ(qng)ӿϣֳʮǰЩõסҵȫʧȥ壬غС
ߴͳĲȻѭȥǰ˺ܸߣ()ţڽ⿪ťۣڳУǳɫ()ԵüΪʵ£ǵɫţп㣬°խȣ䡣
ĲȻ()̧ȣֱվһ˫ȣţпܽ
˼Χ֪ðһȺˣеͻ豩꣬ҷþ˸ִ䣬һ֧֧Ͳݹ
ҽԺҽĲȻ𣿡
˵̨ϰҽܾ˵˵ԭ𣿡
Ĳҽҽģҽǰƽȣְܾ㲻𣿡
ĲҽôΪû𣿡
Ĳҽôᱻִҵҽʦʸ֤𣿡
Ĳҽҽѧ㻹ǵ𣿽ϵ()Уôô
ҪΪҽһеھ𣿡


ĲȻִ⣬һƤ()ʱѪҺûӳù˺һŻѪҺӿ
ԱɱΣͷ޴룬ר㣬ͱ
ǸֵҾȣĲȻҧ
仪û
ûΪʲô˵Ǹ߲˵ʲôֻ˳Լ˼·ʶ()ԭ
ȿֺĲȻĲȻ()ϵĺɫ()ˣ()¶ŰߣƣɫȳĽ֡
°ͱͲײϣ**ۡ
⼷ק첲ߣȺܴҲ()ˣо첲ˡ
ӵУһֻı۰Ȧס򣬵ͳ˵ߣ
Ǹղź·Ǹˣδ߿ýһΧ
˳ˮˣ˻Ѹݵؽ
Ĥ޹ţǰͣһ⳵ĲȻ˽ȥͷʱһ˫纣۾㣬䣬ޱ޼ʡ
һ˲䣬ǰƺһͨõš
ĲȻ㶣˵ллߣԳ⳵˾˵ɽ·ƻ԰С
תͷ䣬ɫͷ΢΢̵ķҶ棬()ɫһһֳ˰
ͫȻŴ()()()һ˫(qng)(())΢΢
Źϣ⳵׵βڽɫϼ
٣ﲻգ۹
ͻȻʲôƴ󺰣ӣӣ
⳵ȥ类ãҰһ㣬񱼼壬ȥʻŵĳ
ɲ˷Ҫˡһĳ
磬ôһƤƤһ˴ҽԺſ׷קסˣֹɱΪ
ҿˡૣĿԶ
ֻк̼ɫһǸղ˵ĳ⳵
ӣղǸŮҽݺһͷĪһ(qng)
ҡͷӿͳ̺ʹϣݺһڡ
ģǷӣȺ()ߣ·ԣи¥쳾ɣȴǹ¼įġ
ݺգգۣϡٵĵƵüë磬ɲܼ˼ǨԲ갡
Ҫϲ꣬ǲǼ˼Ǩ˴
ݺû壬üͷø
򴽣һԶת()ҽԺߡ
ҽԺƽ糣֪ðļڶ̶ʱʧӰ١
˽¥רҺš
˱ʮꡣ
ݺһϣ֣ʮꡣ
ҽ̨СʿĿǿǣһ㣬θŹ˱ת
տʱһ⣬Ũü֮۾(ͦͦ)촽ǳɫƤ̧䣬ֱĳȽýǿıҰ()
һԵˡ
ע⵽ʿߣ˱˼һͣ٣ŹҺſҽ̨ȥ
ãôߣ
ѯʣ޵Цݣͳ()Сʿո졣
ʮӺ󣬹˱ʵĲȻһУҲһ
ĲȻʮ꣬ҽƴѧw()רҵҵҽѧʿѧλҽԺҽʦԺĲƽɽŮȻŮȴ˵ҲΪĲƽɽһӣĲ磬ĲȻ꣬ӢǱã˵ĲƽɽϣŮ޸ӣϥ£Сʿ˵ĲȻĲСһ𳤴÷(qng)ܺá
÷˱Ӻͳһ䣬񼥷ʶʲôСһ𳤴󡣡
磬ֹʲôϣֺɿ
ûʲô˱̣ҽԺﲻܳ飬סһվһ̺ߡ
ûҽءϣִС
ˡ˱¥
ﲻϣָϣ߶߶ҽԺθ(ͦͦ)ģòwмѵ˳ͰѲ˶á
һУԷû׼ʱκˣԺ󻹵÷Ҳˡ˱˵
ϣͷüΣ˵Ҳˡ
˱Ŀĵߡ
ΧɫҴҵ·ˣ·̯û̯ð(r)͹﷭˱ǡ
ϿŶ飬ζϣֶߴ졣
磬ǳͰɡ
ԡ˱˵һ̲ͣ
ϣῴһ̯һڿˮϡ
磬ⲻǻطѴ·Ҫȥ
Ҫȥ
˱ʣ̧Ĺˣһ⼸w߹·ʮ·ҹա
ưСţƻ԰Сƽ⡣
￴Ȫɽոµסլ¥ÿж¥㣬زн(r)⣬¥ůҸͨ͸ġ
˱þõأһš
ˣһӲԲȣѹʶҲķӡϣ
˱Ĭ
ǵģһӲԲȣҲķӡ
ӣʮǰİӣǴ᲻ͬĽײ㣬һ߸ϣһ͵

2.ܸ

Ĳסƻ԰Сʮ˶¥һһʮƽĸʽסլ
װܰɳ輸ӡӶĺľɳϸװɫ棬輸ŵװɫ޵̺żϰžСڼɳ󷽵ǽϹŸͥļͥԱǺϵҶӰ
ۻصĹŵִʱмԼӼΪһ壬޴˶ضŵۡ
ĲȻĲƽɽʮ꣬ûݣĸԭҽʦĲȻĴְ˸ҽԺʮ꣬ǰݣҽԺ´ڼһһչ˼ˡ
ĲȻƿţɳϳ̾()ӰͷЩ¡
Ȼ̾Żͷ۾һһվ
̫ϥײϲ輸죬ˮƻڼһ䵽ϡ
裬ײûУĲȻС
û¡̾Цȹӣֱ()ĲȻ죬()ֹ
ĲȻ֪ʲô
ҹȥҽԺҽ¼ʹ
ΪʲôܾǸˣ
Ѹٰ˽̨ͨˡ
ĲȻóĬش
һ˵壬һͷҪܶ¡
Ժ£Ǹ˵һ˲𣬾Ͻͣȼա
ĲȻüģ˵裬Һۣȥϴ衣
۵ǵĸ¥
¥¿һһͷ¥Һһ鷿䱱ĲȻĸס䣬ԡ䡣
һŮңɫƫɫ()ͱֶɫ޲ǽûǺ()ͷûְûëߣ̨һһɫǹҽѧ鼮ΨһһݵǹǼܡ
ǹǼռλãǰ()߹䴹()ϸ𣬸ɰͰ͵ȹǣβ֦Ψһܿǰ͵ģֻаڰ()ɭֲϸնƺӨӨ̹
ε·ԣ§⸱ǹǼܣĲ⸱ǹǼβ϶Ĳƽɽͳֲֻ̾
ĲҰңǹǼҲŰң벻
(i)ڲͬĲ粻ֻһ˵ÿν䣬ҿҪȻҹẦ𣿡
£ܰġ
ţͺ񰢴()ߣڱ
ʱḧǹǼܡ
£ǹǼܱƽϴ͸ųɫĹ
ǹǼܵע£ĲȻ(r)Ǳ
(r)ǱܺʮӺ϶ɣǰ֣ббģԽԽÿֻǣӲꪣƲ置ϷɱĽʿ׼ɱ죬ȫûŮľ
ĲȻ棬һҳд賿ʱ֣ɽ͵ļͷѪҪʱϳҾܾΣûҽڣ()岻ʻͻȻͷĿѣִڣֱ˵ҲȣʱĲ£ǰͱ
֮꣬ǻټ𣿡
ʮȥϳ˴
ĲȻŶ΢΢͹˰̣
ǹǼܵſն˫ۿ
⣬̫Уͮͮսڣɫذµ㵭ɫâ
¥һ졣
ĲȻֿ̧һֱʮ㣬һСʱˡ
̾ûţҲˣû
ĸҲ㹻Ŀռ䣬Ӳ((Ʊ))
ʹûţûӦҲŽݡ
ĲȻ˿(r)Ǳ()ϴԡϴ衣
·ʮŮ˰֦ͷ֭ˮ崵Ƶˮң()˲ժ
ĲȻ򴽣Ů׾£ǧ겻ļ
ǰĲҽרҵרע䲻׺ͣȴ˺()ڰ깷϶̦
ĲȻսӣָġ
촽(r)ھϣָӰӲüëŨ(ͦͦ)ıӣ촽
ĲȻָڼӰǶסٶ۵ԽӦ
˳Լüġɻģһˡ
һˣҽԺſżǸˡ
˵ھ渡𣬾ᡣ
ˣòɣ
ǿǿ
ĲȻһ£۴˴ֱۣ˵ʧֻŮ˰**()ǰ򱧱۶ͻ
()Щ(r)Ѵһһӣ()ѪҺȼ԰׵Ⱦĺ죬۾ڣ**
۵˲䣬ĲȻﲻȻӹ˳()ŵ(qng)Ρ
()вëïʢڵһƬ
ְҵĹϵ֪ëˣ()ɶʢ()ǿ()Ҳǿ
ʮȥʮˣҲɶصӺˡ
()壬ǲҲô׳ͣ
ǵõ
ɽµĹ¶ԺǴССķƯҹеǣŶԷС֣ɶᶨ˵ҪһֱͰӣһ𡣡
ʱԣĲȻǵã˱Ҳǵ
wеķѴ죬عμӼѵĶԱһͨϣʰ·˱()ǰдš
wʮxyطѴרҵӶԱսӵϼ֪ͨxyصս꣬qأദˮǣɽƽԭӵܻˮɽʯ׷ܻ־ֲɽ廬£Ѵ(qng)ɫiiiԤͺϣָϽӡ
ӣû뵽ټ㣬ҹμط꣬ǰʱȴûϳֱ˰̣
úܺãҲͷˡ
ʧɢܾãɽûҵˣֵңңĹ̽ӴᣬԼʶֲУʮ꣬ҽѧУһߴ׬ǮԼһѧбҵȥӵһǰ飬yطѴӣרҵӵĶӳ
Һȥ¶ԺѾķϣǽԫ֪ɽûڶǽϸȴûõĻظ
ǧ(r)(r)ҹҹ˼໰Ҫ˵
ʣ׵ľܣȴ֪˵ʲôá
Ĳͬײˡ
ıʣͨһԪһ֧ǩֱʣֽǷѴӷıʼǱ˺ģϸߣɫֽʴֲڡ
ͷ()۵ʮԪһĳţпӵ̯ģβʮԪһ
ղʱȻ·ۣȴ࣬շѴʱ()ֳǶԸ˴̫
()ϵ·ȻûʲôƷƣ(ͦͦ)ϣ˳ļãҲԿǮơ
ƻ԰СwмߵС֮һһ(to)Ӽסˣ()ûҲǧ
úܺãĸ飬÷󣬸(qng)Ҳܺã޸֣Լֻ֣ա
˵ҼǵСʱԣ()ߵλãһֱŸ㡣
ȴ˵ڡ
ʣͻȻ䣬֪ô㣬ĺܺã֣᲻㣿
ȴǶġ
˱һţȼ
дôãˣϣװ·ͣŤͷĪ
վգʲôΪʲô˱
ֽΪҽˮϣĺɫౡƮ

3.

ĲȻϴ¥
()ϴźɫС˿һɫǦȹǦȹĳСȣ()С
Դ´粻·ȫǳ̾Ÿġ
ҽԺӯɹۣ̾(r)ԴŮＸŮʱװꡣ
Ůۻƣ()Ļãòֻǳϵɫ󣬷Ů䣬ĸı乺񣬻ڻףϰ()ʱУĵŮȸϸŮţ˵Ưޣ
ʮ룬ͣĲƽɽҲˡ
ѽ֮꣬úãϣ()(ͦͦ)Σһ˷(ͦͦ)ơƶǣͷ룬λԵʣüĿֻ࣬ڿŮʱŻ¶ǳǳЦ⡣
ӺŮĲƽɽθŮ
ĲȻʮѧһ꼶ֱ꼶꼶ֱ꼶иȻûɼȴһֱǰé߿ĸĲƽɽĸУwҽѧ()רҵ
ĲƽɽȻԴŮƽʱڼңȴûٴ()֪ʶʦҲ״Ӳ࣬ĲȻҽԺһҽʦУӲ
ĲƽɽǵͷǿҽԺһѵٶȳŮ()ϣϻοŮ(i)
ĲƽɽĲȻҽ¼Ӱ켫ӣҽԺ쵼ӿо󣬶ְͣʡ֡
ĲȻ֮С
ǯʱ뵽
û(r)ûҹϰ࣬ϢһҲá̾ЦǺǵûŮŮһҽǾǲ˵Ĵ
Ĳƽɽ̾ҲŮ˴֣ǸǱкʮ᳤ֻͷС߾ŲţҸһ£ʱȥܱܷͷɡ
ÿԳᣬȥ۶硣̾ŽӻӲһһŷɻƱݸĲȻ㶩ɵ۶ĻƱȰȰٲҵҷݹɣҪǿϻá
Ĳѧʱ͸ͬѧĵֶӣֲ֮ƣѧҵҲҹֱӷɵ۶˵Ҫ·ȥ
ЩҲûÿ»Ҫѡ
Ĳƽɽͳ̾ŲǮȴ˼ȡ񻰣ÿͨ绰Ҫ߶Ĳ粻ʤ䷳绰ĸ򣬸ĸ绰ֲÿգ˵͹ҵ绰
ͨѶֻĲȻ
ĲȻڶûó̾Լȥ
ǻǰĲ绰
ɱС֪㲻ãء
ĲУƽ˵Ҳ˺ֱܶ
ҾͲȥˣǱߣ˵ˡĲȻü۾վ
᲻ᣬȥĲֵ
ĲȻ˷ɻƱȥ˳;վҪwڽxyq
wûֱqȵyصģȻתȥq
yؽꡣ
ĻؼһƬֻܿԶ롣
(r)ûɭɭĺ䣬ĲȻ˴֣ûͣƱڡ
qĳͣˡ
qǱѴ(qng)ɫiiiԤҳɫԤiiǺɫԤiƱǰһ˶ûУƱԱĲȻȥɵӣĵѣñȥˣ˵ദˮǣqŵjfɽʱпɽ廬ʯ³壬ʱܾˡ
ĲȻЦЦ˵лл
Ҫȥqصִᶨ
¶Ժjfɽɽ£ɽ廬£ʯ£涼ûˣʱȥҲһο
밢ʧɢʱع¶ԺĲҺ꣬ÿٶᵽ¶ԺΪ֪ɽûɽű˵ֻڶǽдĲҵĵ绰滭һֻӡ
긴һ꣬ȴûȵѰ
ǧԪ֮£һ⳵ӦĲȻq
绮()գһһز죬()
˺·Եľǳģббģǿš
ӣ˾˵Ҫjfɽɽ£βȥ
ĲȻ˳
籩ͷ۾ǰһѡ
jfɽԶС˲һ·̡
¡¡ԽԽƵԽԽĲȻЩѣҽְҵоԼ()״ʧȥȻ
ܶΣ֪qĽмͥùݡ
ĲȻûǰУùݡ
ùݺС¥
ʮˣ()Ͼɡ
Ŵܱգ䳱ʪ(r)ǽΪʪɫǳһ߲ѿ
ĲȻ򿪷ȿأȸ֨֨תÿתһ¾ʹһ㣬ĲȻѣиˡ()·Ѿˮȫʪͷ**ˮһˮա
ܱպܺã·ྻ
ĲȻѹԼʪճ·˲䣬()Ƥů(r)ˮο˼˲Ծسһ
ԡҳѾ͸ˣҹɫŴأˮ飬һ䣬һȥ
ĲȻͷԼ׵()ϡ
ľ()ӲӲŹͷûмĴޱЩճ壬ȥԺУǰȻһˡ
()ĸߴ󣬳ųǳɫĽɫ()ʵ׳˶()вŨܵëӵ£˶¶ʵý̵Ϣ()УҰޣҪ˺̳븹
ĲȻһ£֪Ϊʲôûú¡
˸ÿͷúܽŵıϢŨҵ()ζĲȻ۽ޣẰһ
˸յֺɭ䣬ͳ˵Ҳİ
ǰô᲻ǰ
ĲȻҡͷȻĲǰֻҽԺſż·ˡ
ͼ뿪˵ֿطΧ
ŷ̫ˡɤ˵һֹֻ󾱣ҧסĶĲȻеʪ(r)ͷ(())ðΣ󣬼ҧסӦֱţ˲ݳһ
ɣ˵Цһִֻ°·̽˽ȥµָĥۻƤĦݺӵĸ(r)
ĲȻ˵Ϲס()ǰԲʱһݺݽƿ
Ƶž죬ĲȻ۾
ʲôˣΣ˹Ӳдתţԭ()ϵıӱϣ()ʧȥůš
ѹŷΧңùŮڻҵؽкţٺܿ죬ʲôĲȻ򿪷ţҳһŵÿ͡
ˮˣһ¥ˣϾ϶¥ˣ̨ŮС
û£ûɡҲܴɡ
籩ŰֻڵĻǵĺˮһ˸һӿͷʱһ˶ߣ޴ĳײ÷Ӷڲ
Ӷ¥̨Ƭ̣ˮ˶¥ѸٵƸߡ
ȥûą̃Ҳᱻˡ˿
ôûǣѴأ˽С
ǻش˵˵ԶͻȻһյɫķƣͻͻˮ죬ƹ⽥Ƶ˻ڿ䣬һҾͧ¥ǰ
оˡ˼Уȿֺ󳯾ͧͣ
ĲȻվ࣬һɴϮδӦ˳ȥ
һһҪͳŭı۰סĲȻ
˴ӫưȫ()ĸߴĲȻ̧ͷĿһ˫ǧž۾ӵ˲䣬죬ţֵĻֺ̿£ţǲŭ⣬˲Ѫ죬ָ(qng)˲佻֯ӡĲȻ
ҽԺſżǸˣ()ϵ·ǷѴԱ
ֱ()ߴ()ӰڵƵĹ⣬ӳڰ(r)ºͷŭϢأĲȻ죬˵()ڿգ˽ᱧ
ĲȻһ£漴ʶ뱧Ͼͧ
ˮ˺򣬱궵ͷˢ£()ĵطȴ(r)ĪڣĲȻЩ̧ͷ˽ŴûȦΧһȦɫݡ
Źȥһ죬˺ܶ࣬ƺһúܲã

4.гر

ʮȿֺͧϼͧںеҡڲûȥ
˱ɨͱ𼷣õһߣקͧ
ȺĶסÿһͨ˱ĲȻϾͧͧ˻Σ˿Ӱ죬ƽأɵرĲȻʻ̨ǰ
ϣ֣˵ĲȻת()뿪
͹˺ɫԤiyعͣˣôϣ˳ŵƹ⿴ĲȻһۣȵؽС
ĲȻݰͰ͵ϡüëӣӣʶ
Ҳһ𵽹ҽԺſڣĿǳ־硣
ĲȻ죬û˵
ǿҵĶĴӺ׳((Ʊ))ס͡
ôϣʡ
ĲȻɫҰףʪͷճգŮ
ϣ־ô󺰣磡ûлӦУ˳ƺ˱ŮҽҪˡ
̨һ˽˾ͧ˱ͷ첽߹§סĲȻһۣͧء
ĲȻ죬˸һͿ
ûԣθˮθ鴤()Դȴѡ
й˱и֣ǰ
ĲȻԲۣĻŰĽɫƹ⣬ǰ˵ѰҰĺۼ
һ㲻
㵥˽˶
Ҳȫͬ
˵һ׺ݣһǿ
ĲȻǰ˺ͼеİصһʱסˡ
ôõû˱籬ѻƶĻĲȻѡ
Ŀ˱ɫ࣬һˮźˮĽкա
û£еۡĲȻ³Ҳһ
˱ĲȻû£
ĲȻҡͷ
ϣ֣˱ŤͷһתֶĲȻ𶯣ȥβ
ССľͧˣСĿһƬ
˱ˣŭȵٳ־͹ȥʡ÷
һϺȺЧΧѸٰ
ĲȻŹ˱Ӵһַ࣬Ⱥϣ
ֿһ·ʻ̨ݸԼ¡
˱֣һץס֣Ըϣ֣ȥ߿ţ
ϣû֣磬ЪϢЪϢɣ
˱һۣȥȥʲô
ĲȻҪվ͹˱()ȴʵڶãֻ˫ֳ()壬ڼʻ̨ԡ
˱ɨһۣĿͶǰҪڴϺ׵ˤ
ĲȻĵͷ֪ˣ
ˮƷڣųͧҪƷ
˱ȰĴסֱ̣¡ᣬס˾ͧķ
ͧһҶƼѵĳԤĿʻȥ
ԼСʱ󣬾ͧٶȡ
β˷ܵĽˣˣ
ĲȻһʱҲָ˲١
ˣӵ˸䣬ˮα仺ұ߲ԶİϣƽɽΡȻ
ɽ棬ľڳһƬɼĿյء
ĴɢһЩʣձʱ
вֵȺתƵߵϣ;ԮԱһŵæµš
˱СĵĿžͧϿԶʱͣͧ˹ȥ
˱˿Ϩ˻𣬴Ӽʻ̨ͺϣһ͡
ĲȻҲߣûþ˱()ߡ
˱ͣһ£ĲȻ˵˾䣺Сģ
ĲȻ;˫ůĴ֣Լ˰
ת()ʱ˱Ѿʼһλˡ
ĲȻٿ˱һۣٶȻʯСϷȥ
ʱעʮ֮ⶼӰ
С˾ܾ()Ȼбʪġ
Ƕ뾡ϵʵڲ࣬ǰһš
˱һСϰңüͷ
ת()ӺĴҵһȺʹλҪһЩףȽ
͸Ĵÿλڳ˵ĶС
ֳʼ˽·ÿڵҲԾＷ˼Աø˿Խ
ĲȻҲ˳һ񸽽Եռһλá
ʱſںȻЩ(ɧɧ)Ӳ˽
ΪǸӣͷԲԲĴͷźװŻ¶Կŵ(i)˳
ӣһһCתȥͲʲô
ΧĿǣȴ˵аá
һԲͷǡվĲȻԱߡ
һԱ߾ȻվһλŮԲͷʼԵϷӴʲô(r)ӣҲײôˮĴ
ĲȻ̣á
ԲͷôߣȻ֣ѸĲȻһ£Ӵ(ͦͦ)ٺ٣ôģСŮˮ󣬸ȥ棬⣡
ˣҲ漴Ц
⣬籩꣬()˺á
ڣǸŭԵˣԲͷ˷Ц
ĲȻ()һ
ԭֺʱ
ԲͷŭЦ漴ۣ´ĲȻûˣô˵
ԱҲѸΧǸүòͷ𣿡
ĲȻĿԲͷˣͬʱ˿磺ʲôˣ۸һ
Բͷ߳ŭӾ۸ˣ!
漴߸ƣ׼ݺĲȻһ⡣
ĲȻۣԲͷ֡
()΢׼סֺ˳һ
ĲȻȻöзһӰνԲͷǯס˳һţ߷ڵء
ĲȻͷһ˭˵ͳţ˵Ǻ쳣
ΧȺѵɴ۾ﶼܷ¼
½ˣǿֹңǴΪڿһݵϷ
Բͷţɵڵأ۲ҽУʹˣ
ĲȻϸһԲͷſſŤɲ˼ĽǶȣѾѾˡ
˳ץסԲͷֵǯϿȥǸղԼϰĹ˱
˱վǰ۵ôԲͷɫ
ĲȻ˹Թ˱˵лл
˱ĲȻһۣ֮ͣлʲô
ĲȻ˵Щʲôȴǰĳ˹ȥ
Բͷӣһܹȥ鿴ƣοһΧҾλүûжҽģæǸү
ΧûзӦ()ֻ֤Ҫһ£ضؽлģǮ⣡
Աߵ˷׷ҡͷҲҽҪȥʣûҽ
ĲȻ̬ĮȻվһԣĿǰɱһ㰧Բͷûо˼
ã
Ҫ㿴ŶûУ±Ӱɣ
ĲȻЩźûԶֳͷǰʲôү
ֵֻĸҪгر

5.һ

ϣĽ˱һߣ˵һ䣺ûְҵ£
˱׷ʣ˭
˭ϣŬŬ죺ղȵŮҽ£
˱ĬӥһĿ⣬ǰվԹ۵ĲȻ()ϡ
񽥴ͣ䵱С
תֻظüͷת()ȥ
磬ȵңϣûϵ˱˵߾ߣæȾ׷
˱Ʋûлͷɴǰߡ
ĲȻע⵽˵Ķһ˿졣
Ŀ׷Ź˱ոսԼΧˡ
ߵ()ΣΡ(ͦͦ)Σһƶ
Ȼ䣬֣ĻеĹ˱ֱµѪˮ
ˣ
ϸ룬ĲȻų˳ȥ
˱ȻסعͷĲȻʲô£
ĲȻ˱ǰҧ˫ץסԼһǡ
ֻһ೤ĲĲȻС
ѪˣҪĲȻá
˱ұ˲λҪһ࣬Ǳ֦ˣѪȾ£ˮһˢۡ
õλʱĲȻȻͣ
˱첲ϣµݺۣȥЩ£Щȴɼ
ĲȻͫ͵̧ͷǰ˷·ûǸ갢ɫʯ飬ʹȫ()ҧԼҸ첲Ķȥ
ĲȻĿţѿڶ
˱üͷĲȻûдӦ
ĲȻϸ۲죬(qng)αʧѡ
ѵ治ǧٸ(r)ҹԼǣӵꣿ
̲ģ̽˵һ䣺оҶʱһλ񡣡
˱ɫƽˮϴˣǰҽԺſڲż㡣
ĲȻ´ҪھʲôղŲòʵ
ҲԼϴˡ
ĲȻû˵ҧ촽׼˱
ô˵Ͼǰ˰Լ
ͳ()Яϰҩ˿ڴ鿴£ǾѪ˿·ʼ
˱ĲȻһӣ¶Ц⣬ݺܰףε񲻶
һ¾ˡУĿ⣬ѪǾ¡òô
ĲȻһȦôУ˿ڲʱ׸Ⱦοˮݹ
˵䣬ĲȻֱ۲СĲ˹˱һ¡
ʵⲿһ䴦ļ()¡Ƿɳʯĥµĸо
ղű׳ıᱧĲȻЩ(r)
˱ɫֻĲȻĲ֮£()Щ
ĲȻһᣬ˵ллźϣͷľͧȥ
˼ʻ̨˱ĨһŻ𣬽λߡ
ҵǰȥܿһˮ()ڵˡ
ϣվȣˤæԱˣ󺰵ˣô죡
˱ûлͷȻ𣡡
ƽ£ʵһ͡
ôȥӻǺʹǰһ
ӷֿž꣬תʮʱҴҶ
ټʱû뵽ܼ
ֻǣ֮䣬ȴ֮ĺ蹵
һǹϵŮ񣬶һȴǴСӡ
ϣֺټ˱룬ʵ磬ǲǱƯŮҽסˣ
˱ǺúŵξˣĥЩеûġ
ϣ֣ǣ磬ҿŮҽ(ͦͦ)˼
˱ͷϣҸܣ
ͣһᣬֲ˾䣺ҽͷҾͰȥ
ʱĲȻѻص֮ڡ
վſڣԶȥľͧ
Ƽˮ꣬ǸķѴӶӳӡ
Ҫǰͺˡ
ٽƻ裬꽥Сȥ
ǣӿ˶
֮ǰٶ񣬷ֻ¶Ұˡ
ڳæܶ˶ֻ()Ǯ
ʳʲôģͷֹԹ⣬ֻܶŶӣȾԮ²
ҹĻȫ٣͡
ߵϵˣǿȫ
ֻһ˯ͳ⡣
һһ飬¡
΢()СģСѡڱ˻
̵ģе̸ģӽﴫ
ĲȻڵϣһǣԱ˵̸
̫ùˣ׼߽ɽû뵽ôĺˮסʺƵط!иؿڱԹ
磬ʲôҸսõ·ӣ׼ϱõģ¿ɺãˮһɶҶɻܲܳˣиʮҵˣ̾
˵ĶԻ˲
һλ԰ףϹִ˵Ҳ֪˭үϹͷͽȥˣܵÿ죡
ϴүĲǺùѽָŽøճɣȫˣʮĶˮ䰡
ֵܣҪ˵ܱסͲˡҶۿһȫˮߣͷûðһ¡ǿңһ긾Ůӻ
۷׷ףһʱӡ
⡣
һǰϷĲȻĸүͬԱߣʱʱ߳
һĲȻ죬Ĭţֻ˵Ľ̸
λĺԱߵҧ䣺Ǹģʹ磬صģôһɫûУ
ţǸԼûϵƵġ
Ҫ˵˾Ӳ
⼸ƮƮĵĲȻУʱü
ĲȻվ־ú˼ƽûʲô˼ɴ౳()ȥ۾˸۲Ĳ
ãһ˵绮ڵҹžž졣
ʱ˯ŵ˶ѡ
Сŵֱޣλĸο
ĲȻо()Щ⣬һԭˮ˽
æ()ˮˣ
Ե˷׷ײһʱԹ
ĲȻˮҪȻ˭Ҳ˯
˳ţ㿴ңҿ㣬ûվһ¡
̫˭Ҳðȥ
ĲȻɨһȦ˵ôȣʱˮ˭Ҳⲻˣ˭Ҳڻˮɹһҹɣ
ҧҧүǵľ͸ȥˮ
˵꣬£һ£塣
סˣվĲȻ档
ţԽԽ˼ˮĶ顣
ĲȻֱʼָ˳ɽڣȷȫ
ˮںãˮɳ֦˳ܱߣ۳һСӣɸߵȥ
ڲˮˡ
ĲȻˣǰĴ꣬üͷҪһҹٷˮҲ֪ߵܷܵס
·Ҫӡ֤ĲȻĲ²⣬ԽԽܼĹĵϣϣڶз

6.֮

ڵǲɵ׷ױԼĺͲ
ƣһʱᶼͣˣҲ֪Ҫã
ҾҺӺͺ裬ˮʱǷɢˣҲ֪ȥĸõ㰲ˣ
ŵĸү֪ǲǱͬʹɱĽݺtmԶ㣡
ֿʼ
ĲȻϥͷүǿһۣ¶ڽ˵˾䡰ŧ
ʱĹ˱ŵĴŷѴԱųۣѰűˮеȺڡ
ҹһƬڣ˱ǿֵ磬()һߺ𣿡
ûþ˻Ӧˣǣ
ѭȥ˱пñˮûĻ棬һŮӣ§֦
ۿ˹ȥ˱ǰ
СңСȥ˱С()ϣµۡ
ûЪֽһС
Ů䵽ʱѴԱǷ˿
ۼǰ̽ȥ
ϣִǰȰ˱ϴҹˣҪؾͧЪᡣⶼˣҺǼѡ
˱ֵ˼ȦУ̫ˡһҹ֪жٴ֣˾ˮҲģ
ϣֲȰŹ˱ѰˮסȺڡ
ˮŸľģоݶģһҹȥ˱Ѿʮˡ
΢¶˱ڴͷ¶ͳ̺п˿ģһ֧
أ
һ֧ϣӹһ
ͿҵĻƺ¥ǰɣ˱ߵ̣߽ʣµ̺ӹȥԼãʡ㣬һˡ
˱Ťת()ӣ̧ͷ˿ƣֳϷȥ۾·Ҫ͸ҹĻ
һڣֺݺ³Ȧ͸
Ҳ֪Ǹߵϵôˣ
һҹߵ˹ǵľ
賿ʱ֣ϡˮ˳Եδ
۽ӣУ˯ȥ
ĲȻпۼ¡
˱(qng)ôҲ˯ž
֪ΪΣ˲䣬ԼǰİϤ
Լ˾һ˰
()϶Ұ()Լ
ڵƻĸׯڽŵľԮɣ
Ժ䣬ĲȻʼΣһһ
УͰǣ֣Ժɽϣڴֱ(r)ɭУ
Уİ֪ȥηֻʣһټؿ
ĲȻ˸һͬԽԽ
˹һ岽ԶиСŮڵϿ裬ҶҺöѽ
ȷӷˮڣкܶһֱŶӣߵڣҪ˵Сӣ˶(ͦͦ)ס
ĲȻӶѳһɿվ()ݸСŮ԰ɣ
СŮӹɿ濴ĲȻΪЦлл㣡
ԱǸʮĸŮҲ׼ŵлĲȻһ죬ЩΡ
ԭ֮ǰ˽ĲȻӲˡ
ĲȻûô⣬ɿ꣬ת()
ʱѷ磬ߵؾҹϴǹ֡
¿ˮˮλֱ֮ǰ̧˲١
ɽ·ֻʣ°ˡ
ϣЮŴĵˡ֦ʯ飬ӿϱȥ
ĲȻüëšһţƣˮλǣߵܲٴȥǸ⡣
ʱ½в߳
ǰĿĵĳ𺳲ѡ
۵ҺͣˣҪһֱ£ôˣ
ĲȻ̾ͣΣλڲˮ(qng)ûôֹۡ
ûаѵ˵˵Ŀֻš
ʱ˱֯Լľֶӣнŵȡ
ѲѪ˿ҲЩ˻ơ
Խĺһţĺһţ
˱صһŵ
СׯʮϰݶϽȥǣ
ף
¶Խ˱ԺĶԱ׼þģȥСׯ
Сׯ˱λòԶ
ʮӺ󣬹˱ųۣСׯΧ
ׯѱˮûֻżǵݶ¶档
ϣ⣬ͱͱ˱첲ϴ㿴Ǳߣ
˱˳źϣָȥǰʮ״д·ˮﳤ̨治һš
ˮǵúܿ죬Ѿǵ˵Ľ档
ʲô죡ǣ˱Ը
ǰ˹ȥ
ûȿ˱Ŷһ()̨ϡ
ϽݶϵŶӣŮСǰ׳ںԼϵݶϣ˳ӣȥ
һ߹ˮѾû˱()
˱Ͻ£ϵԼ()ϣһקˮС
ʱһͷݶȫûӰ
ְ˽Ž˱ק
ղźգʮ룬˱ҪȫûʱѾȡ
ôһ˱ѽƣûˡ
ΧȺڶĵΧһԡ
ûй˱Ƕᶪ()
ʱʮԶĲȻǣҲ()֮ǡ
ʮһңˮƻƽȣлļ
ߵ׼ɿ
ԶȻ˴ˣĴХųߵر
ˮλѸٻǣ
ʱ֣ߵسһСɽˮѾ˰õ㡣
Ǿʧ룬˿޺Ѵôǣ
ĲȻ˻ڵϵĸ٣΢ԥһ£Ĭߵǰ
ԱסҪʲô
ĲȻ˵һҽβ
ѯʵĿ⿴٣ٵ˵ͷ
ĲȻ()סֱۣסǣӽԭλãһšֻٹؽڲλǡһԭˣ
ٻ޴󰭣ǳˣ׼̧ͷлĲȻѾȥˡ
ĲȻȺС
ʱүҪ·((Ʊ))
еʧʹޣˣˣҪˣ
СҲ§סĸźְ֣裬£
ĲȻɤӣһҾһ˵һ䣡
ֵͣĿǰڲͬŮˡ
Ѵǲǲܵģһ٣ĲȻ˵ڣǱŽԼԼ
䣬׷ʣ˵ôԼ
ĲȻᶨʻˣңָӣ
Χŵ˻ЩԥųеĲȻû
иŮƳеĳ㣡
ԭ֮ǰ˵ԼŮɿλ
Ҳźţ
Ҳ㣡ҹ׷ĲȻˮʮվ˳
漴վ֧ĲȻԽԽࡣ
ĲȻͷܺãңȰˣ
˷׷׶֣ᡲĲᡲ˵ĲˣʮӲĶܿ챻
ĲȻôҽ񲼵ڽŵףԵʯͷѹס
ĲȻź֣ΧԲΡ˸ŮСվ棬үվΧ
˰շԸǣվһ𣬾۳˺üԲȦ
Աߵӿ٣վɣˣ
ֱۣû£㿴һָöã
ۿĲȻ˵ǸˣҪվ棡
ĲȻƳ˸һۣһߣվʲô棿һֻ֣ϴҺˣ
˵Լ뿪ԭλãߵȦ

7.Ū

˱һԱϾͧʱյѴָӲ
ĺһţ񣬽񣡡
뽲
2ʱõ㽫бˮûΣգǰԮ
˱һۣ2ʱõڵĸߵأ
룬˶Խ2ŰõƺܸߣôôҪͣ
ΪոjfɽˮйĿբʧأˮӿ£׵ľ2ţ
˱͵ĵɴ۾ˮʧأߵΣڵϦ
ŶԽ˾䣺ףִ񣡡
ԽԱߺϣһºң
߱ߺԱλĿ2ʱõ㣡
˼ʻ̨һѽʻĶԱƿ
ͧѸٺ䵽󣬵תͷߵؿȥ
ʱߵעˮܿ˽ϥǡ
ˮʱʱƯŰ塢Ьˮư
ЩѼȦĸŮСŵýг
ʲô˺
ĲȻǰȥһ·Ư˹
˽ĲȻŷ֣һ()ʬ壬ȫ()ͣĿȫǣɢ̱ǵĶ
˼վΧ˶ŵɫ԰ס
ĲȻ̩Ȼҽʬ̫ࡣ
ʬ˳ĴƯ鳱ӿԶ
ٵĲȻԱߣҲŵɫҰף˫ȴ
ȺЩңۿΧɵȦӾҪɢ
ĲȻ(qng)ȣţվˣ
һȣȺڶݵĻ֮Ѹ
һͷĲȻ󺰣Ҷ֣ǧɣ
ǵͷץһ˳(ͦͦ)ͷ
ڱ֮УĲȻ(ͦͦ)()̧ͷָţţߵˣͬȻľʯ(ͦͦ)һһεĳ
ˣѴˣʱ˷֣Զʻ˾ͧ
ĲȻͧϵԽԽǵһˣ
վھͧǰˣӭ()(ͦͦ)Ρ
ǵþˣȺʼڣ˽ſ޳
˱ڿߵʱͰѼʻ̨ø֮ǰĶѡ
ߵͷŵĿŶĸߵء
ˣˣˣ
˱ԲȺǵϤ()ӰָվȦһֱԾһ£ָֻԭ
ĲȻǡúϣ׽һѩоЩ졣
Ƽˮ꣬ȻΪԼţ
ͷʱӿһ˿ů
ǰͧĲȻͲʮףӭȴУҡڡ
ס˱ϽԼʻԱüͷǰССС
ƫͷԺϣ˵ӣǳȥˣˮȥ
ϣһסϴ㲻Ҫˣ㿴ˮ(qng)Σհ
˱̧ۿǰˣҧˣ
˵꣬ԱߵĶԱԼϵϵôѵ·ˮ
˱ˮƾõˮ()оˮٶȵĻıܿУмӲǴһ
ʮӺ󣬹˱ڳ嵽ߵϣţڴڴ
ղϰǰûˣӲŹġ
˷˹˱еʣû°ɣ
˱ҡҡͷû£
()ӹ̶ڵϵϣųۺ˳ӣٹˣ׼Ӧ
߰˸Ա()£˩ȫ˳Ź˱ٵĵ˹
ǰ֮ǰײУ͸Ů׳ꡣ
ĲȻԸߣ֯Ⱥ͹˱
ĲȻ罫Լ߸һλˣʱڱ£ܵͨ͸
Ŷ£׼˳ιȥ
ȴվȣˤˮС
˱üͷ𶯣㣡
һѽĲȻЮס()ͧȥ
еλʮĲȻƺһ
˱΢ɣֻ()ȴĲȻı
Ŵ·ϴ(r)ĲȻ()ĸо
΢Ťһ£ͱ˱סˣҪŤΣգ
ĲȻԸе˱()ôһ˲ ѾĹ
Ťͷ˱Ŀԡ
˾һ
ĲȻĿ˱ӵ(qng)ˣ(i)ôһ**ζ
˱ܿĲȻ۾˵һ䣺쵽ˣ
˱ͧʱ˹ĲȻ
ĲȻоԼ͵ıˮ棬žװ塣
˱漴()ԾϺգһ
վڼװϣ̬Ȼ()()ѣƺҪʪµڿ籩֮£ȥͬ˹·
ͧŰʮˣһõʻȥ
õλʮĵطһĲС¥̨
ĲȻطӼªû꣬ûзѴġ
ؼǣ·ʳҲûС
Ťͷ˿Χˣ˱ǮԵģҪˣ
˱һƿɨ˸һۣòţ
ת()ߣһ䣺ֱͶʳˮ
Ϣһ˷̨ܼվŵ˷
ڲöˣ
˱ϴǰɨ̨һۣĲȻ()ͣת()ȥϴβ
ĿĺŸߵأ
žͧԶȥȺʼ½½ɢ
մһ滺˶оѡ
ûą̃ϢȺУһɾɥ(qng)ʼ
ˮƴҲ֪ʱȥǲǻҪתƣжûס
ЩСѶܲסһԿ޿䣬˸ķ
ûãȺͻȻи˼壬ôˣ
ĲȻѭȥֻиˣڵϣŵŵŮˣ(qng)ҡ
ѽԱߵ۷׷ס
ԱһλĲȻеǴģŵţж߸ˡղҲںˮݵ̫ã۵ιȥˡ
Ŵȣ캰صĺԱߵŮȴ˿
ʱʵڿȥ˺ҽ𣬸Ͻ˼ҿѽ
ʱֹס޺ͷʵҽĸǣ
ָĲȻǱŵĴ·Ů
仰ĲȻ
ĲȻʱ˵()ϸСȧǺܸߣӥǡ
ֻ۾˸һͲ֮
ĲȻע⵽ղһֱֶ()ߣֶûһ¡
۵ģͷתһߡ
˼Ůӣת˵ˣǲǸѧ𣿡
ʲôѧûղ󶼽ˡ
ԶԶԣ֮ǰѶӵ˰š˲
ĲȻߣԥƬ̣()˹
ĲȻǰͨ£ֿʼ޺ҽ㣬ȾŰɣ
ĲȻڵϵŮˣͷɢţմŲҶͰɫĩ߸¡
üûһۣվ첽и
ĲȻſȻ󽫶Ů˵ĸ
˺һ󣬲üͷи־źƣ룬ûнʳˮ(qng)£ˡʾŮ׶༪٣Σ
ڸ̥ôãû̥Ҳûи̥ܵӦѾɥʧ
ĲȻ()ˣüͷ壺λʱΣա
һ㶣۾ԲҶأ
ĲȻü룬Ǿʵ(qng)
ضȻʣ̥Ѿʧȥ󡣽ȥס()
ͣһ£ܣ˵
ͷûеȶӣûǵȾԮӹɣ
վֱĲȻ˵ʲôҶӻˣ
ĲȻظһ飺̥Ѿʧȥڴ˺Σգʱ
Ҽȣ ӵɴ۾ϱ̧һȭĲȻ
ĲȻվûжӲһȭս֣ת()ȥ
ٸҺ˵ŲţtmdŪ㣡Ū㣡ӴУͨ죬ָĲȻıӰŴ
Ǹҽ˵ҶˣҶӣ̫tmݶˣתΧ۵Ⱥ˫֣

8.һȺҰ

ΧмʵڿۣǰȰ衣
һ˵ɺ˫ۣ¶ı(qng)һֻ񻯵Ұޣֶԥ
˵ۣ֪Լӱסˣʧķ衣
еȰԱˣСһ()(ɧɧ)
үͬվԱߣһۣվѡԹۡ
Ȼ˼¶ʮֲȻɫ
ĲȻû˿ôվͬڷ籩֮۵ľʯ˿
ȻҲûлֻǾĿǰй͵ǹһ硣
ĲȻ((Ʊ))£˵ûٶ֡
ֻһĽţ첻ۣڳ˼ȣĲȻˡ
ԽԽСڱͣ
صԼԱߣ˫ۣ()Ŀţþû˵
үſĲȻ()ߣĴյ˵ǲҲˣ˸ƵģҲȥ
ĲȻûпүҲûһֱڲԶ()ϡ
ƽķڣڣԲᵨӣһʱͻվԼ
ĻУĲȻǰ·ָǸǿ
ǽǣſ˫ۣԼ()
ŽΧмļߴĺӣȴ쳣ᶨ۸ӣ
һ˿΢ЦĲȻǡ
С˲٣ȴȻûзļ
վƽ̨ˣߵĻһЩûڵģͺĲȻһ()ʪ͸·()һ͸ǡ
˶ǵЩԮֻٶȻԼط
ûãֻͧˡ
ֻǣҪ뿪ִһȺڡ
ƽ̨֮ϸӵˡ
˿ϣʹӼͧǰĺ뿪Ҫˣ
˱Ŀ䵽бŵŮ()ϣ˫۽գ߸¡
и
˱æԽУ
1źУ
1뽲ѴָĴ
3Űõ㷢ֲΣиҽԺ
(qng)̸ɴ壬ʮȺڣ
˱ŶԽиô죿
ԽͷĬһᣬƺʲô
ʮ˻½ɳ۹
˱¶Խ˵ԮϾ͵ȵȵȣ
漴ϴ·˾ͧ
˽Ů˷ŵϣָžͧƿڴźӶҪˣú
㡭ϣǰһҪ˱һ()
üͷɨһۣվûз
ߣ˱ͧһκХȥ
Сʱ󣬹ȻһͿٺɫ־ĳƽ̨
λҽԱ̧ŵܣҴҽиϴ
ִʵڳûҽʿһߣ
Ա˺ʵСӣΪʲôʹҽʿ߰
ҽԱͣxдСҽԺ˲ʱ()λˣҽԱȱҪҽʿſܲˣ
仰ĲȻ˵Ⱥڣˢһ¶ĿͶ侲Ů()ϡ
ҽԱע⵽ⳡĲȻҽ𣿿ϴ
ĲȻҡͷڲǡ
ȷˡ
ְͣʡڼ䣬ҽӲ̨
ҽԱֺ˼飬˴ӦҡҡͷԱߵķѴԱ˵߰ɣ
ѴԱҲ˳ۡ
ȥǰת()ݺݶĲȻųݻ
źû¾ˣҾĲ㣡
ĲȻֻĬĬĿţɫ䡣
үʵ˹ˣôԼҽأ
ĲȻ絶ǲҽ߲ߣʲôϵ
ת()ߣ¸үһΡ
꽻䣬ĲȻϡСˡԽԽγɺ
ŸоͷѹԼͷ
쿴ֱˣд̲ס˳
ĲȻ̧ͷֻ޴һֱͣƽ̨Ͽռ״
Ϊķ̫ĲȻۡ
йԱȣҲҪţǾԮֱͶʳˮģ
һƬǣε˾Ԯ
Ա꣬ʼʳƷˮ
ֳȻ
վܵˣʼƴＷ
һġ
Ť˲ӣӴҽС
ڵϰ
˱ƵڵأѪ߰ߡ
ʳ⣬һ˺װȲȡɺ
ûĺޣſڵŵ档
Ϊһƿˮ֣ñס
ʳΪᣬʧֵƽ̨ˮһԳߡ
ĲȻû˵ΧվһԣԹۡ
˾ôɱΣʱ־ɳǣŷ
()ʱת۱һ˽һȺҰޡ
ֱϷʹţҪҪ
ϧû
ͶʳˮԱ·һƬǽ壬εҡҡͷüʻԱˡ
ˣɢ䵽ܣʼƷԼʤʵ
ү࣬һɺһƿˮ˸߲ҵĳĲȻ
ĲȻ()ߣү(())(())ѵ촽ӣץһɽôأȻŮģɸӲ㣬ҪӦ
ĲȻһӵĿŸүˣǶ
үҭ˵סЦ
ôǸү˵أ
죬һȥݸ죬ү˻ȥ
ĬĬԼıɴʮɵݸĲȻ
ĲȻûпֱ˹Ա߷˵ȥ
óɣ֡
Ȼְʣеıɣָûȥˡ
Լһû
ϴתͷͰıˣ
ûĸεŮˣϴʲôˣ
tamĥߴŲҰȥ
үһţŵ˶˿
ֽĿͶ߿ĲȻĬ֮С
ֱʱĲȻӲĽ˼
ʵҲ뽫Щɣһ̽ӡ
ɿЩ¶뱯ΡΡվǿ˳ʳˣ̵£
ǵЦݣǵллĲȻоҲôˡ
ôֵá
ĲȻǰЩ㱣һ᲻ֻЪϢ
¡¡˱ٴȺڹһ
ĲȻϤ()Ӱվ
Ҫл
ϴι˱ȥҴңĲȻû˼š
ֻǻ()͸о֧Ųס
ĲȻֻͣĿŲԶĹ˱
ү˹ȥκƣӦ˱Ҫʳ
˱֣үָֽĲȻ˵ʲô
ȻͿ˱ֱԼվǰ
ӿ㶵ڷɣ˹ţ
ϣҲ˹⣬קס˱ĸ첲ϴʣĿһһҹʲôûԣ
˱ͷ˺ϣһۣ㻰࣡
ת()ӲĲȻУһ£ˣ
ûͣһɶԱͧȥ
ĲȻֵıɴӣƺŹ˱£(r)ˡ
ĿŹ˱뿪ãŴӴһɣʼϸϸƷ
ѴӳԼһĺá
Ϊʲô
ĲȻһʱƽ˼

9.ԭ

ĲȻ䣬үֿ˹ǸѴӳãҪһᵽ㣬ͽ˫ַϣ
ĲȻûд˵ԻŮҽһ£ҽиΰ񣬸ҵֵܣݳ˵ģмתģԬɡһ죬Ժʶˣ
ҲŴ˹ʶǸүϰ϶wкʮ᳤ֻ
仰ĲȻ͵̧ͷ۾Ÿΰ
һ˫ֲԾ߬ͣͣ˿
ĲȻװµʸΰ񣺡ʮ᳤ֻ֪ǲ֪ʲô֡
ΰĲȻ˵ף˷Ҿ˵ϰֺôwͷ϶Ұֽи߽Ľ
߽֣ĲȻë´۵޵Ļ档
ԭ
˵ôΰȥϤԼޱ񣬸쾹ȻǸ
ΰੲݣϰԬɵϰҲ쵱
ӷװɣǾǼֿģ¼ٺԱԬ֣()ҩһӪҵϰ򣡡
ԱߵļԬæ֣ЦˣүʵǼǶʲô˭֪߻᳤ƹܵľѣ͵ڼƣţwжøŶһ
˻വĲȻûϡ
ٶǮΣҲӰ첻Լ
οԼǸ߽ſ̹ĵĳޣ
ĲȻˣͷ˼
ƽ̨һ࣬ͻȻ(ɧɧ)ĲȻע⡣
ĲȻѭȥͻȻˡ
裡㵽ôˣǸ·긾ŮŻһλˣѯʡ
Χ࣬лĹģ˵˻Ƕεģе˵ϽС
ʱָָĲȻ긾Ůȥ
긾ŮĲȻԣ˸ҽ㣬Ⱦɣ
ĲȻü˵Ҳҽ
긾Ůޣ찡ûܾ𣿡
ĲȻЩ̣()ȥ԰ɣ
()ߣĲȻϸ۲죺˴ʮ꣬ϱ(qng)֣ͫ׷Ŵ촽沿ƤɫʶģС
ĲȻæ׷¸Ůղڷǰʲô쳣(qng)綯ʲôģ
¸Ůſǻոջúõģ˿ɣûͿʼȻָҲ˵죬Ȼͳˣ
ĲȻԶ϶
æԸ¸Ů֣
˷¸Ů()ϣͷ£Ȼʼнı
šۡһ³ŨŨһ̵ʼٺɫҲתΪ԰ס
˻ˣ
Ůôˣ˷()˳ܣ¸Ů
¸ŮָĲȻ㣡
ۿպˮҶΪҲˣ
ת()ͨһ¹ڵϣ˫Ҿˣлл㣬
ĲȻæ¸Ů𣺡㣬ҽӦģ
Աиɻոʱô˵㲻ҽأ
ĲȻش𣺡ֻ˵ڲҽȥǰ
ӸͿˣʲô˼㵽ǲҽ
ǱְͣҽĲȻûбܻ䣬ЦŴ
Χ(r)ֵ۷׷ף
ô£ôõҽᱻְͣ
ǲǵԺˣ˵ҽԺܡ
ôı£ôְܱͣˣ
ôãܷĴҪְͣ𣿡
ĲȻûнͣĬĬ뿪Χ۵Ⱥڡ
ԼĹ࣬ʮַۣټûнʳĲȻɣԼ᲻Ҳλһε
סˣͷȥúЪϢ
иСһ㣬˰ɣҰøģ
ĲȻ˻ȥ㲻԰ɣ
Сİְ˹Щ˼ովȵǸղԵģҲһŰɣ
ĲȻûƴǣӹ()ԡ
׼ȱҪԼʵڶòʱó
֪ĲȻҽ̨ϵ˶ʱ׽˲١
ֹԮĳϣҽڳǾ൱ڶ롣
Ͼ˭Ҳܱ֤ԼʲôʱͻΣյľأҪҽľΡ
ͬһʱ̣˱ܶھһߡ
һɽµСׯ
󲿷ںˮǰˣֻʣһ˼ңԸ룬ڱںˮУɽµʯ֡
˱˿ƣ¶ͣƽ
ֻˮֻ̫޷
˼˱¶ģӱϣ
˼ˣӣС֣
˽ϵϰȫһһͱڸˮʼҡ
꽫ʯϴ̵÷ɾ⻬Ҳ˼ʵǵѶȡ
ϣֺںСֲʱǰĹ˱òʱͣʱߣԱܹϡ
Ͼɽ壬вٳż̵Сľԣһ·˱˵·ãϸǲ˿ڡ
ûбĴ⣬һ·Ŀڵɽ
סһĸˡ
һλˣһԷޣһĺӡ
˱ѸٷֹԼλˣϣִССִǶԷޡ
Ԯ̺˳һ˱ѸתƵϡ
׼ʱСֺȻУҵûȥ
ôˣ˱ü
Сֿ۶԰ղˮǰݴˡ
Ȱˣȥһɣ
СҡҡͷŮҵ(r)
˱˿ˮƣץʱ䣬ˮʱб仯
С־񣺡лл˶ӣϻ
ʮӺСִ±ϵĲݴðͷ˷ܲѣҵˣ
˵ֱˮ˸ӣ׼ι
ãСҲûðͷ
ϣִ󺰣ã
˸ϽקȫȴôҲק
˱ɫǱˮݿˣ
˵·¶ǿ()š
˶ӣҪʲô
ϻȥˣ
ϣָϽסϴ㲻Ҫˡ
˱üҲܼȣ
ϣ֣һͷˮУһ˽ĵȴ
˱ˮ󣬺ܿҵСֵӰ
ֱʯͷ֮䣬˫ҵţۿԽԽ
˱һ
ţֳˮС
קСһ£ûק
˱ֻóˮףʹʯͷ
ûá
˱þָֻˮ档
˸קĶקӣ
ϣֿˣʹͷ
˱ųˮףӰһСʯͷ档
קקӣоʱ˳žʼʯͷ
()()ʹ
ڣʯͷƶһ㡣
˱סһŽԱСֱֵ۵ų
Сƶˮ渡ȥ
ɹ˱ȴʯͷס
һûѿ
ˮף()֮ǡ
ûκΣ˱ֻý⿪˫һžʯ뿪ˮס
ȥʱоѾֲ˶ˡ
˱ҧӭˮųȥ
ʮףʮףףˣˣ
ڿֱʱʶԽԽģǰһƬڡ

10.

ʱ˱ԼڼװϣһŴ
ӳˣϣִ󺰣һ
ĭһ˱΢
ϴ󡣡ϣĨһЦ
ӳûղźǷҪͶˣ˺ϣּһ¡
ȥģϣָ()һȭ
ӳڸоô
ӳ㻺һºȵˮ
ӳ
ǰǵĽǵ񣬹˱ǿƤ΢΢Цš
û£
˵꣬˱ۣӣСô
ǳСû£ȱŪģеѣЪأϣָŴͷķ
˱ЦһЦǾͺã
Сֵ֪˱ˣ˵ʲôҲţڱ˷£˱()ߣ£ʣӳллҡ
˱ƽɵƣСּ򣺡ʲôȲȵģǶһˣҵܵܣȵܵܣ쾭壡
ӳСָж
ԣϴ˵öԣǶֵܣһˡϣֶ£
һˣ
ֵܣ
øǣ
ԱǷ׷׶˱Χʮֻֽһ󣬹˱һĴָ档
쵱ĺүǣ
ʱһƬ
˱ϣַվڴͷ(qng)ࡣ
üͷ۹⴩͸ĻԶ
ĲȻоһĿ⣬͸ĻԶͶ()
Ĩϵˮݺˤڵء
Լ۹ͷˣžȻþ
Ҳ̨֪ϷԼЩ޼ҿɹǣҪ϶ã
Ĳҽ˵ˮʲôʱ˰䣬ΰִյĲȻǰ
ղԼʵڷΰĥӲݣڽԼʲô
ǡиŮˣһɫС߹ҽ鷳㣬ҿҼСͷ(r)֡
ĲȻСĶͷַ˷СƤϸϸ˿οЩգءӦˮܵøðˡ
¸Ե㶫߻ãӦû¶
Ůظǧлȥ
󣬸ΰĲȻ
ĲȻü˲񣬺ˮʲôʱˣô֪
ΰ˸ӣ
һᣬּʵ
Ĳҽ֮ǰõĻᣬΪʲôžͧиһߣֻҪҽԺ㲻ͰȫʡڻһΣյƽ̨
ĲȻصҪи߻ȫ
ΰͷǵȻˣ
ĲȻҡͷƳһ۸ΰ񣺡ˣи߲Σ!
ΰԲۿԼĲȻһи̥̥У幬ܱס˵()
ɷ޲ɼ˽ƫִУֻôڽӴûнӵ()
ĲȻ벦˿ķ϶ͬԶͣٷ֮һʬСסҪǸȥףиʧȥǣʲô¶ó
ٷһ䣺ڣΪҵʱӦø𣿡
ĲȻķΰͶأĲҽ˶͸ˣҿһСôô
ĲȻЦЦûлػ
ĵܲŽԿ׳ĸͰյġ
һ뵽Ǹ˵ĶӣһŭִĵײɶƵĴ
ĬһĲȻװӣ˸ΰף
ǻ᳤ƽʱӦúæɣ
ǣҰһæݣ֯ȥչƻܣ۶ᣬܱȥأ
ΰʮֳݣڲסԺ
ôæҲٹʰɣ
ǵǡҰֶرãҪʲôʲôǰһӳҪ̩ŵһӾ˵һŴ
ΰ˵ͷ¶ıһ˧ϲ
һ̸ΰԵʮ˷ܣԼǵ¶޲ϲʲôľƣϢʱԸȥͲȫ˵˳
֪һ͹ȥˡ
ʱ֣ͣ
ˮҲǣлļ
ƽ̨ϵһȺ(qng)ת̸ҲԽԽ
죬ͣˣ
ˮÿȥҲ죬ֻҪͣ꣬Ǻܿ뿪
̫ˣطһҲˣ
˵̸
̧ͷһԭֱֹˡ
һźţһ°˵(qng)
ǿʼվֱķӿȥҪϵ(qng)
ΰĲȻ˵ĻЩվȰűˣ
λүǣǱòãŵ㣡еʣ
Ավŵˡޡһ£㻹˼˵ҾԱߣ
ûΰĻۿҪʧء
˵һ䣡ĲȻȻڳشһ
ǸҽȻۣ漴ȺˮͶ˱飬Ѹ侲
˶ͷŤĲȻҪ˵ʲô
ֱͶʳʱûһֱվԱߡ
ʵҪǲЩʳӦǹģ
ĲȻһȦ˵Ϊϣˮʳռͷõһ룡
ĲȻͣһᣬΧ˶˼֮УеĻͷ
и飬Ȱʳȷ䡣׳ʳ󣬿ԶһЩ׸ʳСǾٷһЩ
һ˭ӣ
Ҳˣˮʼ䣬(qng)ӦþҪˡʱ򣬴ҸӦͬ۹ãΪʲôƫƫҪŪһ()أ
ĲȻĻȺľ޴Ӧ
ĲȻļ˼վ˳̬֧ĲȻ
ҽ˵öԣӦģ
ϵĲȻֱɵļˣҲ޳ɡ
˷׷ױ̬˸˳ĬĲȻĻõ˵ͬ⡣
ãȻַַͬû
㣬˵ôŪôŪ
ΰͼԬҲǰĲҽǰ㷢
ĲȻôվΧм㹻ĵط
Ȼ̧ͷʾֱʼͶʳ
ֱĹԱʮС̶һ칦򣬵ͬɢɳһȺڣͱšһ
ǸϽʳˮͶһͶˡ
ֱͶ뿪ˣĲȻʼŸΰ༸λ־Ը߷ʳ
ĲȻʳںãÿ˶쵽һһɣһȳһƿˮ
Ȼ׳ͱɼӱ
ĲȻ͸ΰȡģʣһЩͼɣѱɷָСøΰ񱣴Ա˲ʱ֮衣
ΰһҧһ߶ĲȻ˵Ĳҽ˵ÿͷֵܷʳ
ĲȻûΰĻһ̻ʵȺڡ
ڳЩũܽ٣ֻҪǺãͻϿ㣬㣬Ը㡣
ȻտʼҲ˽Ϊûǡ
һĲȻֶֿʡ
ǺȿˮɤӣȻ˹
׽һ£
Сһ߳ԣһԱߵ죺ţţ˵ôôأǰԹκαɶҪã
Աߵ˶Цˡ
λͷˣЦǺǵĿԼŮɵӣΪˣԣҭˣ
ϱ˱ɵļλߵĲȻ()ߣ
ǳԲô࣬ҽǻɣ
ĲȻˣԼŰɣ´ʳﻹ֪ʲôʱأ
Ա˿˵ͷ

11.˶ӳ

磬ˮ(r)ˡ
Ȼһ̨һ磬(qng)ȴöˡ
֮ǰԵóĬ۵ˣҲϤ֮ҳ
⼸죬Ӧü˰ɣ
ĶӣͶݴѧľϵ֮ǰسǵ״Ԫʮ綼ǳ
ɲһˮʧϵͷϽô绰ʡġ
Ҳ֪Ǽש߷ôˣ
ģ᲻ܵģû׼ˮһˣȼþܹ
ţϣ˵
ʱи룬ݸ߸ߣϲ˺Ѫ˿
֣λ˵һ䣡
ֳʱҽĿⶼͶˡ
֣ܶǵ(r)ǲǻùüһ죬ϲϲҲһ죡
ͣһ£οۿˮȥǿԻؼңǲֵף
˺ǣ
׸󣬸˵һ飬ֺֺǣ
ã

˵ۣ
˵мֿڲţĹ½ģµСƶĺˡ
ţмƽôֵģ׷̨˽ĿڼʲôģѸСС̨ڳɴϷ԰һ̨
ĲȻҲʮֿģʱ¶ĵЦݡ
ԼСЩͨϰˡ
࣬ǿЦӭ
ѣܹ(ͦͦ)
ֻҪ΢ܻ˵
иʮĴ壬ʮֹۣʼjfɽʵ죬jfɽϲ
ĸȾҲź˺ϳԽԽƮδȥĺˮƮԶɽͣƮϱ̿ϴա
죬ĲȻ֮ǰİţַʳƷɹƽ˳Բ
ʱҿĲȻ˾֮ġ
ŮҽСȴϵؼʱ̳סóŮķ緶
Ȼô(i)˵վ͸һθС
⣬ȷʵЧ
οܾˣ
˵죬ˮ˵ٶԽԽ졣
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˵öԣҼ˻֪ʲô(qng)أ
۵ԽԽ࣬ҲԽԽ󣬴ĲȻС
ĲȻվƽ̨棬Զ˿üͷѴ(qng)δҪֱߣ̫Σգ
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أЩ˵ҵģסô£Ҫôͣ
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ĲȻŲæ԰ҾûҪƴ뿪˼˵꣬ҪߵģҾ
Ա߳ѵ˰ĲȻô˵
ˮһֱˣͻȫ¶档ûй㲥ûеӣܱߺˮ(qng)˽⡣
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⣬ĲȻŵһߵˣأ
ڨڨҡҲǵļ
ĲȻˮûˣ㼴ǻصУʲôЧأ
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ĲȻգգۣܺá˭ߣ
ĬشֻгĬ
ȻҶߣ飬ҶתƵ¥﷿࣬ԺúϢ
ĲȻ׳һ顣
ͷ̨ȥѡ˶¥һ䷿
δ˼Ըģ˻
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Щ˵ģֱӿǽ£һͻ˯ȥ
磬˷֣ԶǼˣˮⶰ
ȥƣ߹ʱһһ١
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Ҳȥ
Сȿֺվ˳¥ǼѰ˴ȥ
˽¥ʱĲȻϸһۣɫ԰ףݣָݵ壬ˮ˲ٵ
˸Ͻ⼸˷ǽ£ݸ֮ǰˮ
Ϊ׵λ󺺣˵èУлл
ץȴʳ
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Ĵ죬Եʮ⣬ˣǶǳ¹شǱ߹ġ
¹شǸ壬ϰٻ˿ڣҲ(ͦͦ)Զʮ
дԾ׷ʣ¹ش壿ôԶֺû˾𣿡
˾ȣʵ֮ǰҲһߵϴš
أߵرˣ
û˵䵱Уã̾ǡ
()һСŲ䣺
Ǽˮ˵ò࣬Էشӿ
ߵ·ԱɽͻȻдˮӿ˹⼸ܵÿ죬ӵһмֱӱˮߣûˡ
ȥ·ˣֻĿߣһһҹ
һ()ţ治ӦôӸߵ뿪ҪȻֵܾͲ
֮(qng)Ա
Աߵ˷׷ǰο۹ȴͶĲȻûλҽļ֣˵Լ³һ
֮ǰһҪ뿪ӣߵĲȻ(),˵лл
ûһᣬ˺쿴˻Ŵˣ
¥˶˷ܲѣͷ̽
ĲȻҲȺָķȥȻиžµˣһСϳ߻
¥ʱ˶ʧˣҲǸͨСֻۣĸˡ
ܿ죬˷û׼ǹԱؼҵġ
ˮ(qng)ô
Ԯǲ͵
ǲǺܻܿؼˣ
࿪ʼ
ĲȻҲʧ䣺þݣֻӡ
֮ǰĹ˱Ǻϣ֡
ô£
ɫôҰء
ûĲȻϸ룬ֻϣͷ󺹣һ϶¥˾ʣ
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ǣָ
ҵĲȻһס㻹Ȳˣ
ĲȻһ㶣ֲԤУ׷ʵôˣ
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˵ǹ˱ĲȻȻ̧ߡ
ԡϣͷ
ô£ĲȻһϽ׷ʡ
ˣڻûѹ
ϣֻû꣬ĲȻ˵¥ܡ
ģȥ
ϣַӦĲȻ˾ͧ
ھͧϣϣֽ(qng)ǰ󾭹
hдˣй飬ָǰͨ
˱ܿ
ָӴΧֹˮȥȺˮûˣٿʼͨ
󣬽һ˽
̽նԱ׷սҪһ¶
˱۲һ£סˣǶûо飬˳ٸŽ
ϵϰȫھ򹤾ߣ˱ֻ()һ򺭶ȥ
ھҵʮ˳ù˱м䡣
ʱ˱Լ˽ĺ˶ӣ
һҪק
Ȼӿˮ³˺
Ȼʧȥ֪
ֺˮʱ򣬾նѾ˱ק
Һˮ󣬺ܿˡ
קȫʱѾȫקˡ
ϣļ٣졢۲ˮ(qng)˿ҵ棡
Ĭϴǧܳ°

12.

˫ЬСִѾȵĳƽ˷׷׿
СմЬʰ
˫Ь
ϣֱ£Ьң
ܹЬӣĨЬ׵࣬Ȼ¶45֣
ûȷϴЬ
ֳ˼𣺡ϴ϶⸽ҸҰ۾ԲˣϽң
Сֵϴ⣡
Ȼ˱ЬӲ10׵ĵط()嶼֮У¶һֻ첲Ͱͷ
ϣּĳ˹ȥһࡣ
Ҳɱ
죬קסϴ󣡡
С֣Ǳߣ
죬ʹڣ
˱¶()ʱټӰѾקڰ˴˳
̧ΪӲĵ棬æҵڹ˱()ϵ֦
ϣְţʹҡŹ˱ϴѣѣ
ûлӦ
Ȼۣ죬ûзӦ
ϣָϽڵϷ()
ڱӴ̽̽к
Ĩ˰Ѻ΢˿
СֽĶźϣ֣磬ǸϽϴҽԺ
ϣһۣͣˣ
ҪҽԺͣСֽ˵
ϣֱСֵͷڵǺˮôͣ˵ҽԺʮǧ͵˹Ҳˣ
üͷϣ֣Ӧ취ͽҸҽ
ҽֵͷ룬̧ͷһԴˣ
˵꣬Ⱦܡ
Ƕסϴȥҽ
ϣֽʱĲȻרעš
˱ʱ۾Ȼſ
ʱס˺
ʱų˿
ĲȻϸ˽⵱ʱľ(qng)ס졣
(qng)ֹۣϽȣһ֣˱ͶһΣա
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ڳµصĲȻİõ㲻Զ·ûʲôϰĲȻͺϣֺܿͻص˹˱ʱĺ
ôͽҽ˶һ
СֽĲȻקϰʱţĲȻ첲ˣ
ҽһҪȾǶӳ
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ĲȻоûɵһҶ룬Ͻ()ϸ۲һ£ƿ촽Զ϶
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ûʲôЧִӸ«έˣпղľͱɼ׵ĵܡ
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źϣصİѹһɶճҺ壬ص()ĲȻĿС
ĲȻüͷ͵ĳȥ
ôĲҽ
򵥲˲ߵ࣬ĲȻԸ
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ɫҲɲ԰תΪ۾
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ģѹĹ˱һۿǺϣ֣ʵ
ӳ㲻ǵˣǹͨ㱻ˮߣ̶ˡ
˱ҡҡԴ첲
һԵĲȻϿס˱ֱۡ
˱ſ()ԵĲȻ۵һĨ£üͷ
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ϴղŻȥˣȥҵŮҽ㣡ϣֱ߿ĲȻ˵
лл㡱˱ĲȻקԼͷתһߣվȴԼû()壬˿ڡ
о()ǱǧУ۵ų
ҧҧǿס
ϣּ״Ͻȥ
ĲȻֹ(ͦͦ)ֱüټ飡
˱һĲȻû
ĲȻҪƿ˱·һ£ǯĴסĲȻ
ÿ()ˣҿһۡĲȻ˹˱һۡ
˱һᣬŵ˿
ƿ·ǰ()ĲȻǰ
˶͵()ܲŴСС˿ڣطѪˮˮȥĿġǸһӲҴСѪ˰()Ѫˮ
ĲȻָ˿һ£˱ƺһ
ദˣҪ崴ϡҽȥҽԺסԺơĲȻŹ˱˵
סԺ˱üͷҲͬ⣡
ĲȻֱӹ˱۾Ϊʲô
ΪǷѴӳ˱ĲȻĿ⣬ҽҪлһסԺ£Ҳġ
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û£ҹһȥ
ϣֱͷȵĿͶĲȻ
˵ĶԣǶӳ٣ڵ()ǲˣ㡭
˱ĲȻĻ
ҲκˮȻȥɷѴҪ¸ࡣ
ֺأлɱָ߹֪ʶ
֯ѻһЩʧȺڽ赼һ뿪ǷѴӵ֯룿
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ĲȻǰ߳ߺӣаԾ壺
˳ˣﻹŹ
ô죿
˱ĲȻ۾
ҽ㿴ܲ취Ҽ򵥴һ¡
˵ʲô͵ؼ򵥴֪֪()кü˿ҪϵģûģûҩˣĲȻ𾪵ؿ˱ʧ
ԱߵĶԱҲ׷Ȱ裺ӳͰסԺɣ⻹أ
˱ֻҪңܲ
ĲȻ˱ֱӶӣԣ̵ס
˱˿˵УҾУʼɣ
ĲȻҡͷﻷУҼ˵
һС˱̧Ͼͧ
h壬ˮѾȥ¶ûķݡ
ĲȻһûбˮƻﻹΰʵķ䣺ˣ
ϣְ˽ţʰһ£ľƴ˱ʱ̨
ʱ˱ĶԽٶ𣺡1ţУ
˱ӹСֵݹĶԽ1ڣ뽲
ǰֶɣȺҪԮ
ϵ¶Խ˱Ըϣ֣ӣŴңϽȥֶɣ
˭չ㣿ϣʡ
һүչʲôҸϽҪ˱ǳ
Ƕӳ
ô˵ûˣ˱۾һϣֻôȥ
ȥǰĲȻչ˺ǶӳǾͻ
Ťͷһۣ߳˷ݡ
ʣĲȻ͹˱ˡеΡ
ĲȻŹ˱еһĻţͷʵڿʼ
У˱

13.

ܾ
ĲȻ˱()·ǰϣµëһˮ׵ˮŹ˱()ëµĿ鼡()ݴصСשһȰ˿ڴɰʯϴټ򵥸˱˲
ÿһ£˱΢һ¡
ĲȻͣû𣿡
û£˱ҡͷ
ĲȻϴ˿ڡ
ʱˣ˱һȴûнͣ
ϴ꣬ĲȻִ()ЯСóϰҩȷ˿ϡ
ҺĲȻϰߣŶ()ЩҩƷߺɴ
Լְͣڼ䡣
޷ȥ
һУĲȻ̧ͷʼ룬ۡҪ̲סĻͽг
ȵȣ˱Աߵֽ˹ԼУȻĲȻͷ
ĲȻ˱ʵĸֳ׼Сש飬겿죬Ũܵĺɫë
ָŵϣĦѰĲλ
һǣ˹˱ĺëȸŤŤ
ҪҪʼˣ
˵꣬봩ߣȴӸһ˿ڷ
һ죬˱Ͷһ£
ҪˣȥҽԺɣĲȻͣסʡ
˱õëҧϡ
ĲȻһ
ܿ˱ͷ𣬶ĺչ
סˣ
ĲȻСģٱ
·ص()ҽһδʱ(qng)
ʱҪһλθѪĲ
ԱǸԺҽĦ
Щţͷ˺
Ժļ磬еģ
ĲȻʱٽţ˵ԣУ
ĲȻѸٴֽŵ(qng)аѳ
˶񣬼
ã˿ڣͱϡ
ĲȻù˱()ļСҲ
ſŵĹ˱ͣ˺ҧë
ÿ̽ٴʱ죬ȴʼûк
ѱҧõëĲȻ岻ѣȷӲӣ
ҽô꣬ûǰһӵи־
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ȫɣ˴ϣĲȻ˿
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Ϊ֮ǰ˱()ѵֻʣһڿ㡣
ĲȻйʹһͷ᲻
Ų鿴˿ڵĻᣬ͵͵߳˱ȸ̽ȥ
꣬۾Ȼ󣺾Ǵλ˰̣
ڲಿλпָ˰̣ʲԲΣ쳣ۡ
ĲȻļǵãԼĶʱ鰢()ͬĲλҲͬ˰̡
ǰˣǰ
ĲȻ()忪ʼƵĶڿƲסһڹ˱()ϣſǻʧʶǸԲԣ
˱()һѸĿŽסԼĲȻ
ϴˣ
̶һ仰㻮֮ĽޣҲһԵĲȻţ
Ϊʲô㲻Ըң
ȴţɿ
˱ǹһ˿Ϸʵ΢Ц㲻˰ɣȻôŵĽڣ
ĲȻ̧ͷһ˿㵣⻹ʶİ
˱(qng)Ĵ
뿴Ӳͬһ˵()壬ܲˣ̲סˣ
ץסĲȻĸ첲Ŀ
ܾûŮˣҲûţҲһҹ(qng)
ĲȻֻҡͷҲţҲţ
㲻ţ
˱ĲȻһקԼڣֱĳĺɫ£¿۱ϣ¶ɫ()ֽѩ׵
׳оֿʼ·ߣϷư֡
ݺץĲȻ°ֱͣţ㻹ţ
ţĲȻᶨѩ׵ļƵĺޱ֮⡣
˵ĲţǲŹ˱˯ǲʵǰԲԼϡ
ĲȻ̬ȣù˱ŭ
()һѱĲȻŵϣ()ѹȥ
ĲȻûз۾Ź˱
һֻ̣ü˱ŨصıϢԽԽء
˱һ͵()𣬱ĲȻһ
ľͷһŮˣƵģţûζûȤ
ĲȻĬĬ()ޱ(qng)Ľ·ãߵſڣŲһ٣漴뿪ˡ
˱ȥıӰĬ졣
¶ͳһлƺ¥һ̣˺üΣŵš
Ƽ䣬˱̧ͷ⣬䵱С
ϣܽʱһۿͷ̵Ĺ˱
ϲĽеϴûˣ
˱̧ۿǺϣ֣û
ϣֿ˱()˹ǵʣϴôõû
˱ͷĺϣֵļ򣺡õģ
ϣֿһ⣬ʵϴĲҽôţ
˱ûɫĻش𣺡û£ĲҽҲ((co)co)ģ
ͣ˻ʺϣֶ֣ɵȺôˣ
ϴģȺȫȫתƵʱõ㣡ϣִ
˱(qng)Ժõ㣬ó̺зϣ˿ģһ̡֧
ϣֿصͷȰϴٳɣ
˱ǰ˸ȦҾ(i)ãܣ
˳Ĭһ󣬺ϣʱʱ˱һۡ
˱⣬ʵ˵ɣʲô£͹Ϊһ۰ɣ
ϣЦۣ֪ʲôҲϴ㣡
(ƨp)˵
ʲôڷֶˡ˵㱻ˣ(ͦͦ)ġȥҩˮֹ(qng)鲻()ⲻǧҹ㣡
ϣһ˵˳
˵£ҵģʲôϵ˱ͷ˵
ϴɲϲɰǷѴ˭֪һƬİ
ͣͣϣּ˵
ˣ㷢()ʱôһ˸ҩһһιģ
У㻹ǵòдǼִнһһҹûմˮףҲǧҵǣ˵οʷѴӣ˭֪ǳģ
ǵ(r)һүǣǲסô࣬һ(r)޵𣿡
ϣֻ˵˱ݺ̣ϵ
ˣҺãҶ֪Ҹܣ
ϴΪʲôѽϣּˣһ⣬ǲǿǸĲҽˣ
˵Ĳҽá˱˲ͷ˵ʵʶ֮ǰҾϲһˡ
ʱǻС˴˴˷֣о˶ǶԷһ֣Ѫ()ڡһ𣬶ɹһ¡
񳤴ˣҲȻ֣ѾΪҪŮˡ
һһҪһŮɼֻͥԸ()һӣ
ǽͣԣ˱ԼܵսѺͺֵܣ¶Լ
ãһ𣿡˱һ䡣
ϣֶʱ޻˵
˱˺ϣһ£ŸʲôҹӰˣĲҽ
ϣŷӦϴû£ҪȥҽԺɣ
ûûˣߣ

14.

ϴ˳Ĭ¡
ĲȻŹ˱żϣִ仰
ϣָоЩԾûжʣʹĻŴ
·ֶɵȺں󣬷ѴԭϢϼһָʾ
˱ȻĹ˶˷ܵԭ𣬽˱Χס
ӳû̫ˣ
㲻֪жൣ㣡
ûڣܸоȱ˵ɶ
˱װԶ㣬ѽ
СּǰʣӳҪи̣Ҷ֪ôˣ
Աµ˵ʲôɥأǶӳèģоô׹ң
˱ЦеģΨлصѴŸе̤ʵͰġ
ϣִʱĶ㵽һ䣬˸绰ӣ
ӣôˣ绰ﴫ
İɣû£ӣм㡭
ϣһһʮ˱֮ĶԻһֲĸꡣ
Ժ󣬵绰ͷĬá
ӣû°ɣϣŵ绰ʵ
ûлӦϣֽŵ˵ӣ㵹Ǹ仰ģûʲô¶һġϴôãϴ󲻻ûиоġ
һл֪ˣӣлл㣬æȥɣ
˵绰ϣƲֻصȺС
ʱķѴԱѾΧĶ󣬸ĳĲȻ
Ĳҽҽӳҿ㰡
̫ллˣ
Ժ£ǷѴӵ£ҪüͷҾͲ죡
ĲȻЩԲ(r)(qng)üͷ
˱ϣֵ˸ɫŬŬ졣
ϣᣬϽǰ˸ϿүǣǵĲҽŵˣɢø͸ȥ!
ȺɢĲȻԶĹ˱Щ(qng)į
ΪʲôǰǲԸԼϡ
װɫӣԼܣ
ʮ()ϣʲô
û룬ѴмСﺰˣ
һŰ׳ˮɫĳ㡢ɫԲʷЬʮŮĲȻǰ
ںڵ㷢βĴڱ
׾ĹϸҶüһ˫ˮĴ۹ɣȥʮ()⡣
ڷѴӵԵ(ͦͦ)ã˷׷ǰкʱЦ
һӣ(qng)ͺã
ӣ첻ôƯˣ
ָǴʲôóԵʳˣ
ӣôпյˣǶӳİɣ
죬֪ʣΪǿƤѽ
ࡣ
Ǽٸ컬࣬Сǹ˶ǲһǳԲ˶ߣ
һ()ߺĶԱЦ
ҩ䣬첽ߵ˱()ԣ˫סĸ첲УҪҪ

˱ɫ糣ƽˮû£
ʱҶŻˣͷһ()ߣ۾Ź˱Һû£
ԶԶԱ߿ŵĲȻƼ˵̬ǵĶӿһ󱯰
ΪǰŮɣ
ԼϤİİˡ
е()Ǳݺͱһۡ
겻ͣŻ⣬˱ֻǼͷ󲿷ʱ䶼Ĭš
̸˼䣬ЩȻζ
ŤͷĲȻһ㶣Це˹¶һСУ
Ĳҽɣ֡
ĲȻһ£ǣã
ҽ꣬طѴָĹԱ
Ŀԣڿн֯
ĲȻ죬΢ЦͷõĶš
ȴ˳Ĭ˱Ѵ¶ܸм㣬ң
ĲȻߣѴӣΪ֤Ĺϵɣ
ٻشʱԵʮӲҽûʲôֵøмġ
걻һ㶣ЦЦΣҪлл㣡
ǡзѴԱûĲȻ̸ȥת()˸̸
ĲȻ⳯˱Ǳ߿һۣûԼʱøղŸĶԻûκ塣
궼ˣΪһεĲˣǲǶӦùԼк
˵棬Լһߣ
ΪҪԼ
Ǹе
ĲȻ˱ףҲҪΣҪһСʱ(i)뱣
ȺǶ˵Ĺ˱·ĲȻĺվ()˹
ֻ߲˼ͣͳеĶԽ
ǷѴָĵĺУ1ţУ
˱ĲȻһۣ˶Խǣл뽲
ָĿᣡ˵
ף
ϣ֡˱ת()Χ()ߵһȺ˺
ϣֲȺ˹
˱ӣǰ壡
Ƕӳȥģϣ׷ʡ
ᣡǲ񣡡˱ֵһ䣬չ˺Ĳҽ
ȻʹҴȥˡ
ĲȻ걳ҩ׷ȥקס˱ĸ첲˵ʲô
˱ͷ˵˾䣬ͷҲصˡ
գ̫ڿȼգڵˮ뵡
Ůһǰһ󣬶(r)վǣŹ˱ԶȥıӰþòԸȥ
Ѵָģڳ¹¥ҲΪѴ(qng)ʱسǰģԱھͽָӡ
᳡ʱ˱λˡ
Ȼݣ׼ȥ
ϯֻ̨ǷѴָĸָӣˮ־ֳ
˱ͷ˱ǰҪã
˱ֻƵǰ
ˣ˵ˣڿᣡֳϵɨ˻᳡һȦѴΣ㱨ǰʱѴ(qng)
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ᵽ˱ʱֳһۡ
˱ϣλ㱨ϣֳʼһ׶
ҽԱҪ뻧ʱչ߹źʵ(qng)ʱ־ȼʣȷȺڻũҵָũԾȣˮżʱųˮ⡢ˮվ(qng)硢ͨѶȲżʱñ硢ͨѶȹ
ֳᵽ˹˱˱ѴӣЭչֺؽҪǷɱ
˱վ֤񣡡
ͬһʱ̣ĲȻŷѴ塣
׼Ȼǰľ𾪣
߸˱䣬۶ϵ֦ľǡ
ĵ·ѿ״ȫʯ
ȫûķݣǶϱڲԫɢľľһء
Ŀꡣ
ĲȻ֪ΪҪ÷Ѵӹˡ
˳ϣֵʱҪĲȻߡ
Ϊ֪ӭӷѴӵģһ޵ս
ĲȻʱ˿ʯգַȥɳ¡
ϣߵĲȻǰĲҽСسǰɡ
ĲȻ̧ͷһۺϣ֣صҽÿǣ
ô㻹ǻȥɡϣͷȰ˵ǹˣ۹ǺˣǷѶӵҽزҲҲò鷳ˡ
ҽ˵˭ĲȻ߽µʯӡ
Ǵ·ŮϣЦָԶҩꡣ
ҽĲȻźϣ֣һĨǡ
ţӦɡϣֱʵЩȷˡ
Ӧ㣿ĲȻͶǰɫ()Ӱƽ˵һ䣺Ҳߡ

15.֮

ã˱˻
Ѵټϼָʾ
ʱһۿڶ󷽽ĲȻʱüͷ
һɢᣬ˱ͰѺϣֺ
ӣҹ
ʲô¡ϣָϽСܣϴʲôָʾ
˱ܣô⣿
ϣװͿ˭
˱һºϣֵĺף˵ٸװǸչ˺Ĳҽô͵;еİõȥ
ϣգգۣϣҪ£ʲô취
˱ƽʱ龢ȥȰ
ϣһ޹ȰûãϴܸܲͻȥɣҿŮҽ֮ⲻھƣ()ϣ
˵գϣ̯˫֣ˣһת۾ˡ
ӣ˱üָźϣ֣ͷҵţ
˱룬ߵĲȻǰָָ()ĴׯüʵΪʲôߣҲˣطжء
ĲȻŹ˱Ϊʲôߣ
˱̧ΪʲôҪߣǷѴӳҵĹְ𣡡
ĲȻ΢΢һЦҲ˵Ļ
㡭˱޻˵ݺһ˦֣ת()ׯȥԸ͸Űɣ
ˮ˺󣬴½
ĲȻ߾ǺͿ޺
ѽҵ˩Ӱôˮߣǹ¶ĸô
սõķӣ׼Ȣϱõģڡ
죬ҼҼĶˮﶼˣһѪȫˣ
е˸Ϳ޲ԼҵĲߣԶԡ
˱ʼѸٷ
ӣȥ飬ûʲôȫ
С֣һˮ÷
ʣµ˵˸!
˱ѡһȽ˾סķݣ֯ҽԺԺΪѴʱ칫ҡ
ţǽʾ
׼ȫ󣬽ԱȫȥҰʼ߷á
ʱѴ칫ңֻʣ¹˱ĲȻˡ
һһԣŴĲȻ˱
ĲҽɡˣŵǼһ(qng)
ĲȻͷһ۹˱û֨תͷȥ⡣
ˡ
˵꣬˱ȥſڣ˻(ͦͦ)ҵģΣգ㡭Ҫܡ
˱뿪ĲȻ͸ųݡ
ĵĸ˹˱档
˱շ˿ڣĲȻͷŲġ
չһǽ˳ߵͷ˱һլ
ղƺڿޡ
ƿ֨֨ľţԵʮֻް()
ש̾ͣͳ̦޺СĶˤ
ûʲôҾߣһŰųʣټϼӣȥʮּª
һλݵϸһľϣ޵һ졣
ͷ԰ףϲߣȥʮ㲡
˱վ()˹ȥӣˣ趼켱!
˱һ㶣˫־ڿУǰˡ
۾ԥɫžͽַģģһˣ
¶˵ɫ˱ק£һϲ̵˵
Ӷ˰ɣ̫ˣ͸ȥ
ǡ˱Цеӣ()ֹ
ҡҡͷȥ
𶣶һž͹
˻ᣬ˱úôһӡ
ǽϹŵһȫҸʽĲɫƬƬǰվһԶŮվһķ򸾡˶죬¶Цݡ
˱֣վŵλŮλüĿЩơ
һĿˡ
ǲ֪ƬеˣǲǶ
ڴ֮ʱϵΧȹ˳һС룬ðİ׷˰ϡ
Χȹϲ˲֣Цţӣ˰ɣԣ˾Ͳó!
˱ûƴǣ˿ӣֻǿʱȵõɴ˫ۡ
Ҳѹֹ˱Ծ
ֻ棬ŵȫеͺ滹һĺͣϵʹл
ֻһۣ˱Ҫ³
Сθë΢һĶ˾Żο֮Ĵ̼()ʳѹͲ
ȴûзŹ
һףͣӣô԰ϲԵӣ
Ź˱ڴ
ҳԣҳԣ˱ֻüͷҨ׷ϵĩӡ
͵ߣ̱ǵζǺù˱˼磬һ죬һֱ((Ʊ))̼Ҫʧ˳Ͻ˼׷Ӳѹȥ
ԱŵĴ裬һ׷ʣôó𣿡ϽЦҨһ׸׷ϡ
! ˱ɤӣڴ(r)(qng)ע£ٴа㣬Ҩһ׷УȻû³
ɫܿǺˣ۾ɳӰˮۿת
ſͣƺܺһЩ
ͮͮϺܿð˺飬ͷϸΪԣĺ졣
˱ϸʣһЦŸ˵ÿġ
ʮӹȥһ׷ףƮź͵ӣҲ˱
˱Էọ̈̄ĲȻ
ôһӣƽؿ(i)ĲȻˣЩսľ
ǹ˱̸Цӣѣ
Уⶼܳ¡
漴Щ󣺼ǵðСʱͲܳԼȡЦ
ôת()ˣ
裬ЪϢЪϢӳȥɵ
˱(qng)׼ǡ
Եʮָˣûзԣֻ˵˾䣺һҪ軹óԵģ
˱ЦһӦ裬Ժš
һԺ˱ӣַǽϸֳʹı(qng)
źĲȻһĻϽǰȥ˱û°ɣ
˱šһţĲȻһ£漴˰֣˵û£
㿴㣬۵ȫǺ˵û£
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á˱ûãĵͷ
θʹ()幪Աȫ()ѹĲȻ()ϡ
׳ĲȻǱѹô
ңǹɣ
˷ʱ䣬㣬û£
˲ţһ·޻ص˷ѴռõСƽ
ЪᣬҸҩȥŹ˱£۵()󺹵ĲȻϽȥݴ˵(r)ˮִԼİٱҩóһθҩ
ٳʱַѴ˻ˡ
ͺϣ֡
꿴˿ſϵĹ˱ֿ˿ĲȻеҩ(qng)һͣô£
ǶӳԳθҸõҩĲȻ䲻(r)ˮҩŵϣĹ˱ļ
ҩˡ˵꣬ҩϼ˱
˱̧ͷҲûҩͽ£ˮҩȥ
ϣ缱תϴ󣬳ʲôˣû°ɣ
˱ͷſϣ˵Щθˡ
üʵҪҪҽԺ
˱ҡͷںöˣ
ת()ĲȻ˵Ĳҽ鷳ˣˣǸ˼ũѾʰɾˣϿסǣҴȥ
ϣҲŵͷԶԶԣʡúȺֳүǻһҲ徲
ĲȻ˱ûгһ
(qng)ˣǶӭԼ
ãҲⰭˣߣ
ãľУԼȥĲȻĶһ仰̧žߡ
ϣָĲҽҴȥɣ㲻Ϥ·Ҳţ
ĲȻûоܾߵſڣͣһ£˵һ䣺ҩһأһ
()˱лл֡
ĲȻԥֱӳݡ
ںϣָ£ĲȻһũᡣ
˵ɨʮָɾ
ĲȻȴ˼ƽ
ΪʲôԼôãȴһҲ(qng)
ѵһӲġллͿԸѹЩļ䣿
ʶͨѣҲӦô䵭ɣ
ӣ()ػӰ
㾿ôˣ

16.

˱ſһᣬоöˡ
ͳ̡
һԵĺϣŷϽó̸ϣʵ
ϴ󣬾ô£
˱ǰ󾭹һ顣
ϣ̾Ǵǿûˣˡ㵱ˣ
˱ûоչʺϣ֣㿴˿ָôΣû
ǼһȦ(qng)мլݵ̫ãһµЩѾ˼Ǻţ
˱ͷͺáˣţЩΣΧ˿ǰ
ţһƿ()˳
ȥСһƿţ()˰ɣܽ
ˣӣû£
ʲôû£㿴⼸춼۳ʲôˣ
߹()ƿ򿪣ݸ˱!
˱ȴ(qng)꣬ӹڣʵ߹еôˣ
İɣССʮھҩۡίĹʾ壬Ҳ˷֪ʶ
Ǿͺã߿ҪĴ£ǧܳʲôӣ
֪ˣǹӳ̫((co)co)ˣһ䣬ô˻úϢϢ
У
˱ûп꣬תϣ˵ҳȥתת
ϴǲŲǰ
ϣЩżճҩͺúЪŰɣ
˱ҡҡͷӣô꣬㿴Ъ𣿡
˵վ()ߡ
()Ȼ
ϣûа취ֻôŹ˱ͷβת
˱ÿһطߵٻصСƽʱ춼ˡ
ʱѴԱʼ½ص˱úϣȻˣȥСʳơƣüˣʹң򵥻β͡
ϣߺûã˱ϸ˵ĺ
Ϥ˱ϸһᣬⲻιԼĴ
߳СݣȻλŽţĴ
迴˱¶ϲ֮ɫӣȥˣҴһңһȥˣ
֣ɷ˵Ź˱ק
˱˵裬ȵȰ
ŤͷԸС˵ߴһõˣֱӳ԰ɣ
˵վͺ״Ĵȥ
ô죬ѵܴϣּ˼СʳˣơҲ˺ü䡣
ˮˣ켸ҹûúϢɵúȵƣȻ˯һ
ʱûм˱ϣˣӳأ
ӳһӵĴˣ˵Ҫöӳǳ!
ʲôôöӳأϣּһţ󺰣ӳǱģ
ҡҲ֪ѽСֱϣֱֺɣæ⡣
ʱӳ˵ȥû
û˵
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ϣּ˴ֵ磬һǳһŵţũȥѯʡ
ֻʮңҲû˶ӳӰϢҲû
ϺҪǻȥɣңҵʲôʱ򣿡
ϣֿ˿ɢĵƹ⣬룬˵Сֺ¼ңֱӻȥɣ
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ĲȻסֻ˼һᣬشɣһ绰ģ
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ԭ⼸ĲȻֻûˡ
ʱõ㣬Ҳ޷硣
һԼסĲȻóֻʼ硣
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һ¼¼ǸĸģҲĲġ
룬ȸĲ˵绰
Ĳӵ绰ܼȥˣ趼ҷˣ
ĲȻߴ()ֻðֻõԶһЩ
ֻ˵⣬ڻأû˵ȥɣ
ûûУ練Ӧѽʱͱһɣ˵ȥͬѧȥˣҸ˵ɲƲ硭
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ĲȻûо̫ãΪͺϣˡ
Ĳҽﱱɣ
ô£ĲȻͷһ
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·Ϸ˶׿ڷǽߣƺߵ
С׳ŵӹȥȿ˵ģ˳ӳô⣿
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ڵȴĶԱǣ˱һȫΧ˹ȥ
ӳôˣ
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ĲȻ࣬ݣֱ˱()ߣóһҩ裬С
˱ҩֺһˮ
һϺһ()壬Żָԭ
ĲȻ˱ɫƣ()ðôˣչԼһӷ⻹ûأȥԣ
˱ЩЦһЦǴ(ͦͦ)ģԾͳ԰ɣ
ôԼأʶ㿪ʼ㿴㶼Լٻˣ
ĲȻճڶͺˣǰ˵ʲô
Сִ˽ҪʵڲУͶӳҽԺɣ
Ĺ˱ڨڨҾǸ飡
ĲȻַڹ˱θżλ˰ʵоô
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û£
ղŰĵطеֲۣˡ
ĲȻ˿ҩЧˡ
ѱӸ˱ҴҴúϢҲҪˮ̼()Ķ
˵գҪ()ݡ
()˱ĺ
һ£
ĲȻת()()ϵĹ˱ое㷢ᡣ
ָ鷳ˣлл
ϻصллֶ˼֡
Ƕ̬Ⱥõ
ĲȻһûͷ߳ݣԵĶԱ˵
Ƕӳûˣ
ɣĲҽ׷˳
ĲȻתͷ꣬ҲѧҽӦ֪ȵغǧסˣθҲҪˡ
˵꣬ʣµҩݸꡣ
θҩסģټӵҩ
ͷһῴģ
ĲȻ룬ֲһ䣺ϸСࡣ
û˵ʲô˳ſӿݵĴ·ȥתʧҹĻС
ĲȻûлؼңֱӱٹ˱ȥӡ
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ţȴ洫µ˵
ĲȻ͸ŷ濴ȥλ裬м񣬹ھӡ
ûţǾĵ⣬Ǿ˵Щʲô

17.Һ

㣬ҿְǺܰĴؼˣǸսķѴӳô£
ҹģĴЩ⣬˭ѴԱռéӲ裡
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ߣҪʱģҪǾȻҵĶôᱻˮӰ٣ֱʬ嶼Ҳţˮˣǻλ(())(())ˣʲôȥˣ̶⡣
ʲôƷѴӳݣһ۾ϳˡװɵҪƭӡҾ֪Բⷽѡˣ
((Ʊ))ԣÿһ㣬͸ʹһ㣬źأ
ĲȻûֱŴܣһƿţ˽ȥ
̸ļˣĿĿŴĲȻ
˭Ҵ˰ɣһ㶡
ҵľ㣡ĲȻָıӣ۾ųĿ⣬ȵŮˣû뵽һѣô
ޣСѾͷƬӣƾʲô˵ңЩѴԱıҺڣã豻һ㶣漴һţ
㾹Ȼ˵ǻã֪ȥļ죬Ѵ˶ˣ
üǧˣ˼¶ûôɣ
ҹûϢûԹһٱ
Ǳ֦ˣʯͷˣƣ߱ˮûʱ㶼𣿡
ĲȻ絶ˢˢ輤()ȥ
豻˵ôһĴȣź
Ӵ۸һ̫̫ѽӣһߣ˼Ҷ۸ˣһһˣ
һѱһ˦ţ͵͵ĲȻ
ĲȻ˫һôĿţˮݣ
ۿĲȻһ(to)һתȻһô£Һ񿴲ˣ
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Աߵ˸Ͻһѣ׷Ǵ
Ѿͷô˵أ
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װʲôʱ
ĲȻЦüã迴úأֻܵ(Ѩxu)λˣ
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Ա˷׷׾̾

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ת()Աߵļھӣʲôһ𣿡
ܸǰһӸձˮˡ
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죬Űſڣģ
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ܲסû
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¼ھôסŵòͣУ׷˵£Ыȥ
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Ҿ㣬ٸĥ˱ҾͶ㻼Ͼ񲡣ʱسİҽԺյĹޣ
ҽԺĸ֣
㲡ôأҽԺ󣬵Ȱָͷֵ룬һ()壡
ĲȻָ()һ ЧõƷǰѵ缫̫(Ѩxu)ϣ
ŵɫŲƣ־ĲȻ
͵ҽԺɣ
˵գһݺ˦ĸ첲
ĲȻ죬ͷƳһɵվ裬ת()˷ݡ
ҹ壬ǵ㣬ϰϰ·ϣĲȻһˬ
˭̫̫޺
Ҫٳӣ϶ҪθѪʱ鷳ʹˣ
۸ôͱܴۣ
Ըˣ͵öֶΣ
裬Ӧû᳤Щѵ
ϣȷĲȻġ
ҪȥССãæԸ£¡
ʱǡÿĲȻ첽
Щ죬ʵףôˣĲҽôֻˣ
Ƚ˵ĲȻ()
ݺͬĿͶٶȷصĲȻ
ĲȻûᣬֱȥվڹ˱棬ſھʣ
˵ǸĴǸƭӣ뺦㣬𣿡
ûȹ˱شĲȻը˹
ʲôôܣ
ɣǴ迴ȥ(ͦͦ)ôƭӣ
ΪʲôҪô
ǰӳԩ޳ӳʲô
ϣּæĲȻĲҽΪʲôô˵
ĲȻնΪ׶
ŽԼղͿ(qng)Σڳ˽һ顣
ϣԱ뷢ţݵ()һʱһ㡣
ĲȻ䣬˾䣺̫̫Ƿʰ
˵꣬塣
һʼճĬĹ˱һ
ϣŤͷ˱ܻ
ϴ󣬽һʲô̫̫̫tmdҷǵ˲ɣ
ǰ˵û̫̫Ǻ˾
ӳܾô
ߣ磬ӳۺʹҿ̲ˣ
Ҳܲߣ
˵˱һݾ㾲
һһ˵Ϳװģ

18.

˻һʯ쾪
˷׷׽ĿͶ˱ȡǣǲš
ϣ۾ɵԲͲۿˣ
ôܣϴⲻŰ𣿻˼Űأ
ʵ˳һʱҾôˡ
˱һ˵˵Ӻ(i)Ͳˡˣ޷ǾǺݺݵط͡
һ·ˣ˵ıܲᶪ޷ζܡôԵȫǹģ
Ȼ֪ˣΪʲôҪӲȥأ һԵ۹С
ĲȻҲ۾ĿŹ˱ô˵
ԭܼ򵥣ʧȥ˵ʹ࣬ҴС
䣬ĲȻ͵۾˱Ŀ
˼׺ɣ¾Ȼ
˱·ֻصԼСʱۿŸĸ뿪ʱ(qng)Ρ
ʱֻɣ
ɪżбƵҶƮ¡
СĽĿ׶԰СһĸߣֻԼ԰ڵĲƺ
εڣĸĸҲûйǵñ
ʦüǴñʲôʱʱĿͶ
Ȼʦ˹պˮ
İְ裬ܽˣȥ˺Զĵط
ҵİְ裬ʲôʱܻأСŴ۾еܺ£ʦ֣ʡ
ʦûлش𣬾ǱСޡ
Ժ󣬹˱ҲûмԼĸĸ
еԼȫг޾ʹͶԸĸĺޡ
ֱһ֪ĸְתƵ()ϡ
˱ӻг˵
ʱҺ޲ɱˣΪоȫ綼ңԲҡ
ĲȻ仰Ȼˡ
ʱҲй뷨
˱룬ȫͬ()ܡ
վԱߵ涡
ĬĬߵëߵ˱()ߣ۴ᣬ˱
˱֣ëƿã
Щʧë˻ȥ
ǡôʱĲȻ̧ͷë뿪ꡣ
ٿ(qng)()Ĺ˱
Īĸе(qng)꣬Ҳܵ
ӹϵ治һ㡣

еӢͣŮƯȷܰ䡣
ˮ¥̨ȵ¡
Լǰĸ(qng)ҲֻǺͯʱ¶վֲʱϴ
ĲȻٸǰһƬҰһٴ⡣
ʧȥˣʹסȻˣǾϷԵʲô˱˽͡
Ƕ((co)co)ˡϢˣ ĲȻҲ̲ס˵ߡ
ĲҽȵȡĲȻߵԺʱϣִӺ׷
ʲô£ĲȻͣס
ϣߵĲȻ()࣬˵Ĳҽôɡ
ĲȻûзԣ˳ĬһΡ
ϣ̲סڣĲҽҲˣǶӳ(ͦͦ)ģСʧȥ˸ĸ
ĲȻûдǻ룺()ұ˭
ѴӺЩֵǶʮֹչرǶӻ꣡
ĲȻ˽ŲϸźϣֵĻ
û¾͸ϴóԵģϴϴ·ӡ()ȫӵ˶ϲϴ󡣡
ϴأĲȻϣ֣ʵ
ϴ󣿡ϣһ㶣ӣһ£˵Ȼϲ!ҡǲٶԱ(qng)ˣúÿͻݣϴܲϲ𣿡
ĲȻͷ·졣
ϣּ˵ԻǷѴӳ䣬(qng)ͶϣõĨͣүǰ(i)
ĲȻûϣֽøˡ
ÿ(r)ϴҪ󵰸⣬һԣǻسĿokأ
򵰸⣿裿ĲȻŲһ٣̧ͷһۺϣ֡
жʱʧЦ
ϲ()͵ģ͸Ҫ˵(r)ˡ
Сʱ(r)ԼĶߺޡ
ڳ裿ӡеİȫ
ϴ質һɣĲȻɫʡ
Ȼϴģʲôţ͸գø֣ɣ
ƶȣֱˣϴ󳪵ģ͸͸ձ˳һ
ĲȻЦЦһĿźϣ֣ʣ˵һ˵ϴͶӻô(i)ġ
ϣתת飺Ĳҽôô(i)
ƽʱϴ(ͦͦ)ģһ¡
Ǵӻ߹ģϴһηգһһڵιˮιϴ(r)ÿζܼסǰ򵰸⡭
ĲȻźϣ֣ʼնԼ
Ĺ˱ʶĹ˱̫ˣֱˡ
Ӻ͹˱ʱ˵θ
˱ģֻй(r)ͳһЩʮͨ(qng)
ټϺϣֽʱ̬ĲȻԶ϶
˱ˡ
ն̸ϡ
ϣѡ
ĲȻûнҴֻǾš
ڵԼסũᣬϣֳһָǣĲҽˣ
ĲȻһĸղı(qng)Цòǳлл㣡ӡ
ӣϣһ㶣ĲҽôԼºˣ
һԼȣȷԼΡ
ٷȥĲȻȻŸ裬ˡ
ڣڵľ顣
ˣôû˯
յˮһϴ衣
лл
￴ĲȻЦʣĲҽôôˣ
֪һܣĲȻһЦˡ
ľʵĴԡ̧ˮư(r)ˮһʢ
ĲȻл뿪ѹ·ýżˮ£¶á
()ԡڣ˫һˮ()ϡ
һſžӨˮ˳ѩ۵ļԾŹ䡣
ĲȻָպˮ飬˳Ųǡ()С
͸ڵˮ·𿴼Ǹǿ׳Լ()¡˫ۡ
ֹǽڷĦԼÿһ缡
˿̣ĲȻоԼÿһë׶˷ܵػӭ˵(i)
ۣ˵
Զҵģ
Ҳ(yn)κһŮ˰ߣ
ĲȻߺ󣬹˱ԵʮƣûʣһԲ
ԱǶȰϢ׷׸뿪
͹˱ˡ
ʰӣˮҩϡ
꿴()ϣ컨巢Ĺ˱ẰһҰҩˡĲҽ˵˵
˱꣺ţ
Ĳҽ˵㲻ٳĺʹ̼()Ķˡ
šɻһ֡
ˣһ磬ù
˵꣬()˱Ҵ½ŵ׵ıȻЦЦ׼ߡ
鷳ˡ
()˱ƽ
()һ٣ͷ˵˾䣺һ磬Ⱥٳҩ
ȥ
ϣֱ͹˱סһݣΪϢã˳ԼǼһ˯
˱һ죬()ƤȻֱܣôҲϲ£
ĲȻԼΪ¶(qng)ֻ佻淴Ժշתࡣ
˱()()ѽ磬źĺϣֽѣӣ
ô£ϣһµԴ
ӣң˱ЦЦ
ϣֿǹ˱ʱϴ󣬲ˣ
ţû¡죡
Ǿͺáϣ¿˳˸Ƿϴ㲡ͲܺúЪЪҹģ
˱һۣĲģ
ģϣˣ𣿡
ǣ·һ˰СԺ
ҹϡԺܾܺĽ
Ա˷ĺ
һ֧ϣָ˱̡ԼҲһ֧
ӣô˱˿̣ƿڡ
ܺð渺𣬴(qng)壬Ҫǣ¸ɻ̹
ˣ(ƨp)֪ʲʲô
ϴԩˣ˵ĿǴʵ
ͣһᣬ˱ʣ£ϲŮ𣿡
ңϣǰֳľѣҲаɣ
ʲôҲ㣬лûУʹ㣡
ǾУ
˱۾Զ
ôϲǸŮˣΪҸԼ(i)(qng)𣿡

19.ʧ

ϣ̵һɫһŻָᶨ˵һᣡ
Ϊʲô뿪ѵ㲻ʹࣿ˱׷ʡ
ϣҡҡͷᡣ뿪ҹøҸԸ뿪
˱Ĭһᣬ˸Ȧĺϣֵļ
ĴŰš
ϣֱͷ˼Ƿ
ˣ ȥ˯ɣ˱״졣
ϴ㲻ˣ
ˡ
ҽһһĻԡ
ֲС
˱˺ϣֵĽ飬ݣ˯ԼԱߡ
˵Ҳ֣źϣֵٶ𣬹˱ƽںİ³˯ȥ
ڶ˱˯ʱѾ(r)͡
һ̫ۣ켸ҹûúϢķѴԱ˯˸
ȹ˱ϴϣԺʱЩڸסķѴԱҲĹˡ
ӳûãԱǷ׷ʺ
ȫˣ˱ʮĻش𣬻Լ()š
˱״̬ŷģʼԺﻥ
ĲȻʱҲˣͬʱĮЦģεù˱ЩͷΡ
ʶգգۡ
ôõûҼ顣ĲȻһס˱ĸ첲оӲģץסˮӡ
˱ϡͿĸߣ˸¡
ĲȻ()׼ַڹ˱θ
۾ǡ͸죬Լ쵽Ũܵ()ë
ĲȻջߣ˰˱θΧأأ
ĲȻͷ¶ѩ׺󲱾ͣĳë˱
ĲȻоЩһ̧ͷϹ˱
˱عش
ۣһ㲻ۡ
˱ĻشĲȻɿӦûˣ
ʱ˹һ(r)ڵСࡣ
ĲȻһ㶣Ŵ˸кĲҽҲ
ĲȻ˵ͷ
꾶ֱߵ˱ǰ
ҨһС࣬촵˱ͣ(r)Ȱɣ
ĲȻвζ԰գ
ʱ治Ӧࡣ
ת˲ת磬Ϊ˱üӹӺŵϣ˵˾䣺
ллԼ
վǲ֪룬㶵ĿŹ˱ͷࡣ
ʱԺﴫϤ˶ӳڲڣ
漴жԱԺﺰӳǸˣ
ϣֵĴɤųԺӣô
˱Ͻ࣬첽ţһסҪȥĺϣ֡
迴˱϶Ц
˶ӳʵǶԲˣһ⣬£
˵ŵһ𼦵͵˱ǰ
һĻڳ˿Ŀɿڴ
ԴҩˣôһϹȥ̬180ȴת䣿
«ʲôҩ
Ǳŷƭӳɣ
ֿڹ˱()ĲȻŵһ㽫ӵϣ
ҽҲˣǧҪԺ
˵꣬ѼŵϣҾԹ˱
쵼д㣬Ҹҽ˵˵ǧȥԺ
Ҳ룡ûҲҪ磡
˱ͷһĲȻޱ(qng)Ŀţת()װżĿȰİɡȥģȻȥ
˵꣬ĸ첲͵Ժ⡣
ѽӳϺͿˣ
һøҽú˵˵û
ҹ¿һ˷ϣˣ
ĨᣬʱͷսսĲȻ
ĲȻÿɷĿ뿪
С֣ͻؼңúá˱Ը
صԺ˱üͷĲȻĲҽô£
ĲȻصӦãŻģ
ĲȻԼȥҴˣƭھ˵񯲡׼ȥسǰҽԺľ򵥽һ顣
˱()꣬Ͳס˵дѵûд
ˣĲȻû뵽Լһ򱧲ƽûõ˱͸мܵԹ
һӣôǲ̫˵㣿
Һݣ̫͹()Ķ˰ɣ֪ڱΪһֱشǽи֮ʣ˵ΪĲȻ()
˱ҡͷ()ҲܶǶ˭ܱ֤ԼûѵʱǴȷòԣǰѽôḷ́
ĲȻã˾Ϊ()ΪĶӣֲġҪ˵()е̰ʺ**ãˣ֮ԭ
ô˵ҶǶˣڳĶǶˣ˱༥
˵ǡѧǶ˵˽Ļֲÿϸ
ʲô˼
˵ÿض˽ģ˵Ķ()
˱룬Ȼһ䣺
ĸ㣬ôãѵҲǶˣ
ĲȻԶԣ̧ͷŹ˱
ɽأأҿģֻ()Ķ񣡡
һ˱ʱĬ
ֻ죬ٺĲȻ粵
˳ĲȻǰ˱ģȫޡ
û˵Ҳת()뿪ˡ
ĲȻԼ̲ס
ǰˣԼİ
Ǹ𣬰Լסȭ
Լ߳Ƕڰ£ھĹͷԼġ
İֻԼղԼԡ
пܣԸصʮǰڰĻů˯
ĲȻįţбѩ
˱һֱ׷ĲȻԶȥΧ˵ʻһŲ
ϣûа취¹˱ֱۣ
ϴôˣ㻰أ
˱Żعϣ֣ʲô£
ϴҾ㣬ղĲҽᵽɽͺô£ϣһʺš
˱ϣֵĻɫһ䣬ûдǻ
ϣΪ˱û壬ظһ顣
˱ȻҪˣ
ϣֱһ£ֻ˱̫(Ѩxu)¶˫ȭգͷ˵ޣҡҡͷ˵һԡ
ǰͼο˱ӵĺһ䣺ôˣ
˱Ĭת()߽ݣһأһԺӴ㵲ѵˡ
ϣţûзӦεĶЦЦ
ǳȥɣúþһ
Ժӣһǰһţ¡
һᣬǰߵͣӣ£
˵ɣ
ӣ˵ϴǸʲôĲҽǲǾʶ
ϣͷɣҸϴôãʹûϴμĲҽȥҽԺ·ϡ
˼Ҿϴ֮϶ЩΪ֪Ĺ£
ϣ˫ͷԽ˵ԽͿˣ
ûϴ(qng)ʱԽ£Խ侲
ϣֵͷţϴȷ
ûз֣Ĳҽǰȴһһ(qng)ʧʧȥƣղ
˵öԣȷˣ
ҵĽǣȻǸʶġ֮䣬ӦкĽ
꽲꣬ʺϣ֣ͬҵĿ𣿡
ϣֵ˵ͷҡҡͷ˵еϧûʲô֤ݣ
ϣֽ˵ӳΪһֿܣֵġ룬Ƕӳǹ¶()ʧȥ˵ʹҲܸͬ()ܣҹǴ(qng)ˣ
˼ĵͷ˵Ҳе
ϣֿҧҧӣҸҾöӳӦϲĲҽ
ǰһΪʲô
ܼ򵥣ϴҪϲϴҪϲôҲ֪Ƕӳ(r)ô˵ġ
˵ˣôУĲҽһӣöӳϲ˭
׿˵
ʲôҸôˣ֪ˣ
չһЦлл㣡ӣ
̸䣬ϣֺ굽ס񷿡
ͣס˽Ų͵ɣȻȥôˡ
׼Ժӣֶ
ˣӣӳסһݣһ㡣Ȼʮּǿ˾дһ档Ĺ
ģ¾ҵ£
ϣ(qng)įվԭأһ䣺
ֻҪ㿪Ҹͺã
ϣֻصСƽķ֣˱Ȼ
ϴ󣬾ȥʲôطˣ

20.·ת

˱ʱĲȻסĵطȥ
ͬһʱ̣ĲȻͷί()أء
ģʵôˣѾͷЦųȥŻʲôˣ
ĲȻ̧ͷллģһЩʹ졣
ܸ˵˵𣿡
(r)ĲȻһʣñطһ㡣
һʣ̲סҪȫ¶
ĲȻҡҡͷû£һͺˣ
ûǿЪŰɣȥС߲ȥ
԰ͱˮˣҪԵ߲ˣͱȥͷСȥá
ҪȥɣĲȻʵ
ҽУ߲˻ɣֺǺǵ
˱﷿ǰڴԺǻãӭŲ߳Ĵ
С˭
ôĲȻסɣ
Ҽ㣬ǷѴӵİɣݣ(r)(qng)õ
˱л˴ĺ⣺ȥˣ鷳仰˵Ѵиչ˵ĺˣΪΪǸ
Ժ￴һۣһ£ˣ
˵մҴ뿪
һ£Ź˱ȥЦҡҡͷڵ˰
ȥСꡣ
ʱĲȻѻݹȥϴõ
մڴùģˣ԰ɣ
ллĲȻӹ
ղųȥʱиѴӵС￴ĲȻһ߲ᵽҸ仰
ĲȻֹͣ׽˵ʲô
˵иչ˵ĺˣΪΪǸ
ʲôӣĲȻϽʡ
ѽøƵģݡ
ĲȻһˣǹ˱
ﻹԼģܹǸ
Ȼûн
󲹳һ䣺ҿСߣʲô¡
Щ˰лôܺúõ˵أ
ĲȻĬȻ
ȷˣлŶԷΪʲôһҪ
Ժ˰ĺϣ֣˱Ͻͷһӣӭǰȥ
ϴȥˣ
˱ͷߣ㲻ùܣȥֵټʼɻ
ϣ̽ʣ֪ͨꣿ
˱ͷİ֣ȲҺ()ǿ׳ģҲûܣ(ͦͦ)¶Ҫ
ãѴԱ꣬ȫˡ
˱վԺ̨ϣɨ˵һۣѴټ׼ԴһЩΣշݣһŲʹ
һȫ嶼תˣвٷݱˮݵÿҪˣʮΣգϽ
˱ԱΪ飬һ飬һ飬мһ顣
˱Сּˣȥ˵ͣصĴͷ
ڹ˱ǵȰ˵£ٴ񶼴Σﳷ˳
е˲ߣ˱ֳʾ
ƣǽһƣשʯˢˢֱ治Ҫˣ
ÿһͽǡ
İգеֱȥͶݣеֱҪ˱ס
˱ߴ񣬽ͻй̶ӽ룬ҴʱҲҪġ
󲿷ִ񶼻ͨ(qng)ģٳеĻŹ˱Ѳ顣
ɽŵһũǰ˱⡣
һϳ˵ʲôڣĻ
Ա߸ŵĸ߹˱նʮͷŮأͺԼϰס(i)ΪǾǿŶϾ󡣡
˱룬ﺰүҪԼ()ЦھǶˣ
ϾźǾ˵ƴ죬ҲȥҶ˼ʮˣߣܣ
ۼȰ˵Ч˱ԱߵԱһߣҼȰ˵עǴӺԺ룬ǿн˴룬мǲҪ˼ң
ף
ƵԺ˱϶ϾھӣһȰ˵
ȻֶϾľŭ˭ǴҼҵģߣ
ɱĽѽ˽ˣ
ͻȻûˣ˱пһ¡
ű˿ݵķѴԱʮֻţˣүεˣ

ְ˽ŵĽϾ̧
ϰҲݸأͷӣôˣͷҪи̣Ҹ
˱üͷ̽̽΢
ޡ
ͷһݣŤͷԺϣֺ
ȥ
ϣߺ󣬹˱룬ֽС֣ȥһĲҽ˵ε(qng)Σȣ
ʱΧ۵ĴԽԽ࣬Ͼϰ˹ȣֵø𾢣ǣЩˡǿͷѽɥ
Ա߲Ǻôԩ˵ģ
Ա׸ʣɩô£
ԩǣҵļңǲǸմģǲߣǲǸӲץģ
ɩָ죬Խ˵Խ()ͷŵأ߿ޱߺү۰ɣˮЩɱǧˡǿɡ
ĭɡ
ʱΧ۵Ĵʼ˽Աð಻סҪ
˱켸ʹɫڰ֣ߵɩǰ
ҪȰοϵˡ

ӣϽ˿
óϾϸü˵ã˻ˣ
()ڰ˼£ûʲôӦ
׼˹Աԣ
ת()̧ͷһĲȻ
ٿ˱ͷĲҽԣ
Ų(qng)Ը˵һߡ
ĲȻսȭͷȭϣͻ()¶Ρ
һЧڶΡΡ
ˣ
Ͼ󡰰ϡһ()
ɻ󣺡˭ңô£
ͷӣˣɩ˹˼飬û£һʱֿЦ
()ĲȻлѽҽÿҼͷ
ĲȻȲл¶
ɩͷ
֮ǰǲǾвԭεʱ򣿡
ǰҽͷë
ǲһ(qng)ͺ()ƻ()ۣ
ĲȻʵ
ˣҽô֪ģô£
ȥҽԺͻףӦ()ĶҲٵµë
ĲȻע⵽ᵽ⼸ʱɩȻɴ۾Ѹٻָԭ
Ϊ(qng)ڼ()ĶŻʵģҲ˵ЩѴԱĲȻ˵˽ۡ
ɩûٽƱ磬ͷŶϾһȥ
ϾԲɩ£ߣؼȥ
ѽˣɩ˶š
˺䣬()İ߷ӡ顱һ̳𣬽Χŵþһ
Ͼ쿴˰죬òŷӦŸղķѴԱֱҾ
˰
ܵĴ׷׳˱ǵͷͷӶţ
ƼûⶡϾǼһ
ӦǼɡѴԱһΣǸҽ־һΣ
˵϶ͷ󣡡
۵ĵڣ˱ĲȻڶ˵лл
ĲȻһͷŹ˱˵лʲô߾ˣֻ()
˱üëչʵԭˣ
ĲȻһۣһԣΪСǼ𣿡
ʵĲȻڿ˱һɲǣѾԭ
ϾΪزʶˣۣ()ಫ
ԴĹʽ˾(qng)
죬ĲȻŷѴӣ˲ٴ
Ȼһ(qng)ǲֵģϾڡ
ֻͬʱڳʱЩΡ
ˣ꣬ĲȻĬľԶһЩٲҪ̫
ĲȻᵽ
˱ǳĬһȥʼղԼǰĲȻҲֻܼøɵۡ

21.Ҫ

Ĺӽβ, ˱ټѴӿ, ׼ƻһׯ
Ŀǰĵ绰͵¶Ѿָ, ĲȻԹۿţȻũشƫԶ, ղ̨Ͼ˽Ϣ
ο, û3gźţֻܡ
, ĲȻѲ, Ժϴ·, Ȼ졣
ǡ÷ֺǺǱһ˻, ûĲȻ, ͸Ͻ˵
Ѿͷ, οˡ
οʣĲȻ룬ǰϣᵽ, ˵ǹسǻˣھǮ֧Ԯ
㲻ȥ(r)֣Ѳ˷ŵ, ߵĲȻ()ߡ
ȥˣü·ϴĲȻĨһͷϵĺ
ѽ, ϴ, ȥɣ˵žҪĲȻ߬·
, 㵱СӰ(r)ȥ, ȥĲȻЦƿ
˵, ԺűƿѴӵСֻüë˽
Ĳҽڰ
ôˣĲȻվ
쵼οʣӳ˵Ͽȥһ¡
ֲǷѴӵģҲȥˡ
ӳ˵͹һҩȥ
ȥɣﳶĲȻ·
·⣬һһϴ
Уȥɡ
ĲȻݲ˲ֻ֣()·СִҴҸȥ
ڴ㳡ٿġ
ֳ˺ɫĳдš֣(i)ľ˸֡
ĲȻϵʱѾʼ֧ϯ̨Ͻ
棬ӭ

ĲȻϯ̨ȥһ¾˳
ǲǼԱŵԬɡ
үĸ࣬ôܵˣ
λǺãˮ(qng)(qng)Ҵӷװ·ԱߵλԬɸܾ()ҩҩˣ
Ŷԭô¡
ĲȻԵͷ
ǽͳһ·ҩƷƽίᣬҼල
Це˵һ仰
֧վżϹҴȫˣлǣ
Ԭϯ̨Լ£ͣڹ㳡һ࿨ϵж
ͷѴӵҲŽʹ£е
ĲȻʱۼԬһ˳ĲȻ(r)(qng)к
Ĳҽôˣ
ˮ˺ûлسǣŷѴĲȻص
Ǽǰͻȥˡ·ϸүһ㣬˵ǲ֪ĲҽȥˣûΣա
˵䣬и۾ĹԱ˹Ԭκֳǹȥһ£
κֳˮֳ񸱾ֳѴ칫ΣҲԸżԬɹ
ˮһκ֣˵Ԭɵĸףкıǲҵ
ãϣŤͷĲȻ˵˼Ĳҽٸģ
۾Уһϯ̨ȥ
˱ָԱᶫĲȻڸ˹
⣬㿴ҪʲôҩƷȸ㣡
УҿĲȻͷʼѡҩƷ
ȻһҩУ۾
ͷʹ˱Ǽţ
720(r)ôˣ
㿴ʹ˵飡ĲȻҩеݸ˹˱
Ӣģҿ˱˻
ˣûѧֱȥ˾
ô꣬ӢĵȷӦüǲסˡ
Ҹ㷭뷭롣ҩƷʧЧ(r)ڣ718(r)
ĲȻҲ˵ԬģǹʧЧҩ˿Ҫģ
Խ˵Խҩоٹͷ󺰵ҩ⣡
Χһ³
˱ϽĲҽ˵ҩû⣬Чҩ
ĲȻһߣ
ֳƽ
ҩ⣬Ϊʲô˵ĲȻ˱䣬˵
ȱż쵼ӳ˱˵
ȥ˵
ȥ
˱ĲȻҩУϯ̨ȥ
ĲȻԶԶȥֻκֳ()ߣеһԣʾеҩС
κֳӹҩУ˰죬˱ֺ£һ˵һ߾ָͷ˸ƽеơ
˱ͷ˹ĲȻ(qng)ôֹۡ
쵼ô˵
Ǿֳ˵ˣҪҩƷ٣ǧҪţ˱ԥһ£ش
ʲôĲȻЩ⣬ôִ
Ϊʲôֳ٣
ĲȻĿͶԶκ̸ֳЦԬɡ
ǲǹ̹᣿ĲȻǿŭһһ١
쵼ˡ˱ҡҡͷ
ΪʲôҴҪ٣ĲȻ׷ݡ
ʱ۾˹˶ӳֳȥ£
˱ĲȻ˵˾䣺𼱣ͷٸͣңˡ
ĲȻɨ˹㳡һۣ˻½½뿪ˡ
ټҴѾʧȥʱ
һأôͣ
ĲȻûٵȥǻصԼסĵط
ƿԺţԼʱ·Ѿϴɾ
ĲȻһ(r)ȥ
һˡ
ĲȻƿţûˡ
ת()㣬ʼ̨͵ϵ
ʰ˰죬۳һ()ľư߽ˮ״ˮϴһ̧ͷǽϹŵľӡ
Ѿʹö꣬ЩˣػЩ⼣߰ߡ
ĲȻָϾӣḧžԼ
ȻģƳǷ㲲
Ϊ˰ԼҲ
Ҳ֪ʲôʱܹԼſ顣
ĲҽĲҽԺ˺
ĲȻһ¾Ǻϣֵɤӡ
ʲô£ĲȻʪֽ£ݡ
ǷѴ׼۲ͣμӣϣִ˽
ҲĲȻھܾΪͲ(i)μӾۻᣬοѴӶֵĴүǡ
תһ룬أȥ˳ҩƷ¡
㣿
ôҲõȵڰɣߵӣ
ĲȻǽϵĹӣ࣬ڻСʱ
绰ϴ裬飬á
УϹȥ
ǺãĲҽһȥˣϣת()ߡ
ĲȻҡҡͷͷӣ(ƨp)вסȱˮأ
룬Ĳ˸绰л˵
Ȼʲô£ؼû
ûУأĲȻ滰Ǽٻ
ҾԼ̰ˣû뵽һ棡
¡ǧ˵©ˣ˵һǣ
ڻˣģ()﷭绰ͷȻ(r)
ò˵ˣСȥưݳȵůأ
æɣ
˵绰ĲȻŷ
ûгôãĸɡ
ݷһСʼд⼸ľ
Ǳ(r)ǱûдֻʱҸӴ档
17(r)ҹվˮУҧֱ֣ǿ(ͦͦ)ε()Ӱû뵽֮ǰԼֻǣʱûкϡ
쿴Ű˰̣һ¾ϳˣ(r)ҹ˼İҽرסẰ֡ȴʸڷϣȥ䵭ĮֱִҪõңֻˡ͸ġ
ĲȻ·ֻصǾĶǵ(r)(r)ҹҹ͵ͣһ£ڱʼǱϻһīۡ
ˣдˣûΪɣ

22.Ը

ĲȻϱ, ʱѾˡ
, ϴ, ϴͷɣ
̨պ(r)ˮ, ٻˮָһ, ˮá
⿪ͷĺƤĲȻͷˮ, ǰδеʡ
ϴͷ, ϸһ, о(qng)˺ܶࡣ
, ЩЩ, ҪȥԵġ
ĲȻ, ʮ()ȫͰϵ
Ȼҵ, ܾô׷֡
ĲȻ򵥴һ£ͷк, ͳˡ
СƽʱѾȫˡ
ϣԺſڽⲽ, ĲȻ, ǰһͣӭ˹
Ĳҽ, ˣҿǸһº, ˵һܰģ
ôҪòǹ⹧άҵİɣĲȻ⼸(r)ܺͺϣֽӴ, ˽()(qng)ѵҲЦ
ϣͷҪ̫ҪˡĲҽ㲻֪ǷѴ¶أ˵ҽ߳¸ҸǿΣҲ侲ǵżŮ񣡡
ĲȻЦϻ׼ʼˣ
ϣ̾ҪƳһᡣ
Ϊʲô
ϴûĲȻͶɻ۹⣬ϣֽžͽԭ
Թ緹͸žֳˣǰǲĻ͡ոִ绰˵СʱܻȽݵȻɣ
ĲȻźϣһݣһȺںӵĻ
ĲҽˣеԱվ(r)(qng)Ĵк
ĲҽɡǷѴӶôӭĵϣֽ˵
ĲȻЦҡҡͷͷڿߵһ
ˣˣŮˡøʲôʲôȥϣִ¡
ΪƳٳԷеĶԱһ٩ɽĴЦƷݶ
еĶԱ˼˿ˣࡣ
жԱݵĵӰںԺ֧ľϿš
ʮƽСŷƴһ𣬰˴ССĵ;ˮϡ
ĲȻֱ˸ܿԺĵط£ȹ˱ĵ
ԺͻȻϵˣ
˶Ժȥ
ĲȻҲĸȥվں濴˵һۡ
ȷ˽ֳľͷ
ĲȻϡڹ㳡һǼ֧
е̨߸ɷˡ
ͷһζֶ()ҩ³Ԭרá
Ԭһߣ٩٩̸ӦģҵӦҪΡ
ĲȻ俴ڵｲгģùҩƷ䵱ƾİҵ˼˵ʲôΡ
⽫ҩٵ¸ĲȻλˮֳָоĻɡ
ڹ˱ı֤
ĲȻʼڣӦڼߵǰúý¶ҩӵĹ
ûٿӣֱҵϣ֣תǹ˶ӳˣ
˵ת()ߡ
ϣż׷˳ôˣĲҽǶĸ۵Сˣ˵ҽѵ
˭ҲûǣԼԭͻȻоЩȥ ĲȻŲûֱͣԺߡ
ղŲǻúõ𣿡ϣּ׷ʣĲȻûٴǻ
Ĳҽɡ
˵䣬˱ӭ߽Ժ
ˣߵǰѯʵţͷʲô
ϣָϽ˵ӳˡĲҽ֪ô£ûԷҪߡ
˱ĲȻʵҪߣΪʲô
ĲȻӭȥȥ
Ĳ˱ü
ĲȻʼĬ
˱תͷϣ֣ô£ǲĲҽˣ
ϣί治£ҽĲҽʱúõأղźǻһ𿴵ӣȻ֪ôģھҪߡ
ӣ
ţϴϵˡϣβס˷ܡ
Ǿ°ɣ˱Ƴһ۵ͷĲȻ
ϴüͷء
㲻˵Ҫҽ𣿡ĲȻϺϣ֣ʵ
ҩƷ£
ûĲȻֱֱŹ˱۾
ԲǲǿţˣҪߣ
˵ҵĽأΪʲǫ̂ҩıȻ
̨ô
ĲȻһ
ԡ˱ص
Ǿ˵̨¶ҩֵϰճԺҩˣ
ĲȻԽ˵ԽҲԽԽߡ
˵ҵ˼ǡ˱͵ֵֹϰҪľİͨ汨ٴһѣ˷֧Ԯ
ĲȻҡͷͿˣȻĺϰӺգΪԼ𣿡
̫ˡȷʵ֮ıȡģҲиʵؽ԰ġ
£ֻϰɼӰ졣ûУôһԸľˣҲžĻգĲϰ𣿡
ҾãӦͨеƣȥЩȺڣһζı¶ڰҪյòǲı
ôΪģĲȻʵ
ԡ
˵ĸҵĽͣ
ԡ
ˣ
ĲȻû˵ͷӹ˱()߹
˱ҪסĲȻȴһš()ˡ
ôˣһŮӲȫȥ͡ųźҹȥĲȻ˱תͷϣ֡
İɣϴ󡣡ϣ׷ȥ
¹˱վԭأ¹ϳ()Ӱ
ȥ·ϣϣֱȰȰĲȻɼı(qng)λȥ
ĲȻסϣֵҲƵˡ
սԺӣڵժˣĲȻǾȣôôͻˣ
ЩۣͻȻμˡĲȻûʵԼȥ
Ҹȥ࣬ôԵ㶫()һ䡣
ллҶӲ治ˣ
()ϣĲȻԽԽ
еİ()Сȴ
ڵİǿ׳Ϊ˵ܱ()˵㣬ֱ̫ң̫Сˣ
Һʲôѵ֪ݻˣ͵ͬΪ
ֻ߹˱ˮΪЩҵϵһԱ
ĲȻˡ
簢ԭ޷ǵˣԸ˴
ĲȻоɺҲׯˡ
ҵ˸ڵĴȥwǵ𣿡
ĲҽҪسǰ
ţһȥ¡
õسվϴ6࣬嶫ڻᾭһаͣרؿȥسǵġҪֻܴũȥˡ
ĲȻͷˣлл
㻹𣿡￴ĲȻһۡ
ӦǲˡĲȻ˵ߴӶͳٿǮ⼸סдˣ㣬Ǳһҵɣ
ｫǮ˻ôУǮյģ
⼸Ǵ࿴ӦǸлŶԣôܷҪǮأ
㻹ŰɣҪҹⲻȥĲȻǮȥ
ֱӺˣҪˣ
ĲȻνǮջء

23.

ĲȻ, ֵǣôôżȥˣ
, , ҾǳˣЩ, ȥ衣
Ӧõģôˡ㸸ĸã
лл
Ҫ˵ͺ, úøСˣӼ, ʱ·ϳԣ˵Ť()
, ˡ
ĲȻŴæµıӰ, Щ᲻뿪ˡ
һ˱˵Ļ, Լ̬, ¶˾ġ
ʲô
ڶһ, ĲȻˡ
Ҳú磬ĲȻ
ı̨(r)(r), ĲȻС
ȻִҪĲȻڣһֱĿϳ
, ӣĲȻϸϸ˴ׯһۡ
Ŵ, źשߵķ𽥱С, еĴ˺ɫС㣬ֱʧҰ֮С
һСʱ, ĲȻس, ˳, ߹˳;վ
ʱֵϰ߷ڣͽкԵ÷(r)֡
е̯Ҳ˽棬Сϣꡱĳ(r)ڵŸճϡ
ĲȻ·ϳ˸ҲôֱȥվԱߵƱƱ
Աܶ࣬ĲȻ˸϶̵Ķ飬ںǰƶ
ʱĲȻԱߵĶУһŮʮ졣
ѸԺзӰҲû˭
ʱŶӵŮҲע⵽ĲȻһ㶣ĲȻֿȻӶ˳ĲȻǰ
ĲȻ΢ԥ̽һ죺ǲҽ
ĲȻһüͷԣǣ
ŮϽʣǰһӣǲڸߵ϶ˮʱµ÷ǳ󡣡
ţȷô¡
ã㣡û뵽ײˡ
䣬ŮȻ㳯ĲȻ˹ֱȥĲȻ£˻ɱ˷Ҵ㣡
ĲȻٲ()ץסŮ˫֣üŭȣˣ㾿˭
ŮŤǵͨ죬ﲻϵĴȫ()ҧгݣ
Ҿиãҽ˵ˣΪȣҽģɱ˷

ĲȻԺʯһ㣬֪ǰŮ˭ˣ
ǷˮڼʱõǸи
üëۣǱ촽ӡеиʮФƣ
ĲȻ˵ԭǸиá
ôǲɱ̫ˣ
˵꣬ŮŤ()壬Ҫ˦ĲȻ֡
侲Щһһɱ˷ȥҽҽԺʱҽǲǽ幬Ľǲûͬ⣿ĲȻʵ
Ů仰()ʱסô֪
ĲȻ˵ҿԲµҽ幬˵Ṭڱ䱡Ժٻк̥ϰ()
Ľ򣬾Բҽи幬Ҳͬǩ֣òʱȶɥ
ңǲǸ˵ңҪ⳥
ŮĲȻƵһ˵ôʼ𵱳ԼҽԺ(qng)
ʱõ㲡ΣϢҹҽԺϧһûмһ档
֯һˣҽԺӴã˻ȦТֽ㣬캰أ˵ҽԺźδĺӡ
ͬʱҽԺſ׳İɫдšҽԺ޶
Χۣ㣬㣬µҽԺˮйͨ
Ҳ뵽ɥĶУÿһԱ
ĸҪ⳥׼ȥwУһŮҽ˵
˵ҪǵʱߵϵǸŮҽȣԼĶӾͲ
һʬ׻ùѪŮҽ
ԼҽԺվҵŮҽƬָԼ
ΣҽԺ׼ؼõ·Ʒû뵽վĲȻ
Ů棬ĲȻֲҽ˵Ļʵ
ΪôӦñҸ
飬˸˽(qng)İǡΣʱĲֻĺӡԩ󣬾Ȼ׼һʺƣ
㣬˵ǹʹ˶֪ȴŹ!
һ˵Ůһһһ󣬺ƴϵȾɫ̡
Ů֪ĲȻ˵ƲкܴĿġ
Ů߷߽ӣҲȥһţһȥҽ
߼ת()ָĲȻ˵
ҵţʵ˵ҾԲŹ㣡
ΧȺǰĲȻƵĻصβ·ղŵĶԻûзһ㡣
ŮٻصҽԺʱ룬ûдŽȥƹȺţ˶¥
лʿæס˭
ߵãҪԺ
ʿȰ裬λ״Ӵ۾ҽסˣ
ˣɣ
ԭҽԺԺմ¥ȰµпŮ
ҾԺ˵ɣǵ׻ʲôҪ󣿡Ժ̫(Ѩxu)üһԵŮ
Ůҡͷ̬ȳϿңҲҪģҾ֪ҽȥʱ䣬ʲô
Ժֱֱ()ӣЩȻѵû㣿
ȻԼҡҡͷҲܽ滰Ϊȷȡ֣
ҼǵãĲرࡣΪضˮ첲˵ģˮģһԵҽԺ͡ҽԺ˲ˣϵ()ˣ
򽫲ʱ(qng)ѾʮΣˡǵļҽҵɨx⣬̥Ҳ˵ûˡֻܱˣǱ幬
Ҳ(qng)򣬰Ժĺ˭֪ͬۼΣǱ˵徫ǿиʱҲ()ס
ǺһˣȰ˵첻ˣŷ֡ʱҽȥȣѾˣ
ٽ(qng)Ӧö˽ˣ
ԺĽ(r)(qng)ĿŮ棬ȭͷվ
ʵǸŮҽ˵Ȼ岻
ĲȻŮߺȻƽȴеδйƣģ
Ǹиջˡ
ȻԤ֮УجģǸоܡ
Ҳ֮ǰҽԺеĻ˵ԼѪ(qng)
ɵʱ(qng)ԼҪȥҽԺŵģ϶Լ
ԤϵǼҽԺҽԱҲᱻиɷͷѪ
ȴܻ֣ˣ(qng)ͻֵòɿһʰֳǿɱҽ״
ҽԺҲᱻýͷöɿ
ΪֻóһǮڿ⳥¡
ҽʿΪҽˡʧȥ
жҽԺΪҽֱͥ䡣
(qng)ˣҲˡ
ˣȥЩۼϣ
ҽԺǳġҽͬǶڱѪ
ԼҲһܾһ­ԴѪĲ̾
ȻҽԺƵϯ()ҽ뻯һǿΪʲôȴûҽأ
ģ˱ȴУ

24.Ȼû

ĲȻ֪ô˱˵Ƿ
ȥЩû, ܴܾʵ뷨
, װĲһһ, ǧڡ
ôԼ뷨, ǲҲЩЩ
ƱڣĲȻЩԥˣ
wУǲأ
ʲô, ˵ĲҽѾ뿪ˣ˱źϣֺ
磬˱úϣְĲȻ뵽Ժ￪ᡣ
ϾҪתȥĴׯ, ЩƺҪн
ϴ, , Ĳҽˣϣֻش
ˣ˱üͷ
ôԼкˣԼˡ
ʷȥ𣿡˱׷ʡ
˵ǻؼˡ
ؼˣû˵ʲôʱ
˵Ĳҽٻˡ
ˣ˱۾һ, ʲôߵģ
ϴ, ˡĲҽһվ, ȻתwУ
죬ȥϿ˱Ըϣ֡
ʲô
ȥ׷Ĳҽô£
ʵϣĲȥ賵
׷, һߣ˭Ҳס
οȫϴ
ҲƳ, һĲҽߣϴץ, ǷͬһĺøУ
һһļϺ, Ǿӿô죿
УĲҽ, ϴ˸׷
Ÿʲôȥϣִɵɵ, ˱һų(ƨp)ɺ˹ȥ, Ѻϣߵüɹ
ϴȥ
ϣܵһʶĴĥĥ˼ҳȫȻ߼ûϷĹ˱
һ׷ĲȻλȺϣȥ賵
ϣְûԼܵͷϤũڽ赽һũС
ӣȥˣ˱Сϣִ绰
ϴ𼱣ҳأϣ
ˣģȥ㡣
ʲôϴ赽ˣ
ϻӺ󵽴ͷ·ڲ򣡡ûȺϣֻػ˱Ҷ˵绰
ϣϵط˻Ź˱سվȥ
˱շ̣ѳټӵ
ϴ㣬Ҷɢˡϣֱֱ()ӣץס֡
һ·Ϸ()˻(ƨp)ɺð̣խ·ϡ
ҰڸֵĴ񱻻
ⲻǸѶӵĹ˶ӳô˨ҵĻ
(ͦͦ)ƳоҪˣ
ʲô˰
˴ԼһСʱ˱ԶԶǰͳһϲºݲţ˹ȥ
Ϳͳƽеλã˱ӳ̽ͷԿͳ˾󺰣ͣһ£ͣһ£
ͳ˾ǸСŶ裬û˱ĺС
˱ˣּӴţͳʮ׺͵һ֡
ͳ˾ԶԶһũûƵܵǰ棬˽ٵ·м䣬һæɲھԶĵطͣһиһװ˼׳ӻ˹
˱ܵʻǰųţʦ鷳㿪һţ
˾ժ¶뷢˱˸һ()()ЩϽѳŴ򿪡
ʦҸˣԵӡ˵꣬˱м䳵ȥ
һһϸѰңûзĲȻ
˱ʿͳ˾ʦǵһĳ𣿡
ǣǵڶһƱСʱ
û˾˵꣬˱³ܵϣţһ̳վȥ
ĲȻԥջǾwС
ֻΪԹҩƷķ磬Ҫĸ(qng)ģòֵ
Ͱǳˣĺͯ
̬Ĵ뷨Ҳԭ
ôܰѶ(qng)ʵĿ͸(qng)һƻӰ˵Ĺϵأ
ĲȻԽԽͨ͸еĳƱ˺ˣӽͰȻƱڣһŻƱ
ϻаͳĲȻо(qng)ʮֳ졣
˱᲻绰֪ˣֻ᲻ѹ
뵽⣬ĲȻѷڰֻ˳
ֻǳ磬ڶ򲻿ˡ
ĲȻ̾ų⣬ŻһСʱܻص壬е㽹
߹˱Ż۵糸ϵվǱĲȻϻ뿪
˱»ܽվwеѾ20ˡ
ٴֻĲȻȥ绰޷ͨ
վڳվ̨ϣ˱ֻ߬ÿ֣ͣ
ӣ㾿ģ
ͳص壬ĲȻԭһ³ֱ˱ķѴ칫ҡ
תһ룬Լ˹ȥ÷Ѵ˿ˣô£Լνͣ
һʱ̣ȻطҰɡ
սԺӣæņˣĲȻһ㶣Ÿ˵ĺѽĲҽôˣ
ˣͻˡĲȻ߹ȥ𷿶֡
ͺáЦ۽ǵᡣ
ôأǲ鷳ѽ
أ⺢ӳúã۸ã̫̫Ҹ˻أ
֣ıߡ
ס˼죬һ߰(())(())ġĲȻһһƷӰó
ʵҲ᲻ãһرãĲȻЦ§§ļ
Ժɱ˵ʲôĻˡʱ䳣ش⿴
á
ˣһ¡ǰŸߣѴӾˣ˵ȥᡣ
᣿ĲȻ۾һ
ǰ
˵ˣ
԰
ĲȻҧҧ촽ͷһ£
ڹȥһԼʰ
˵꣬žӼһױݣСƽȥ
ϤС·ĲȻѴӵʱ칫ǰԺͣһũû
ڣĲȻվһ˿׼룬Ȼ˱ŷƮ˳ѹҩwȥ
ĲȻŵ˻
˱ô˵
Ǿ͵𣿡ϣʵ
ЩҩȫԬɣ˱̹ǣҪȥ̼
ˡϴ˻Ǯô
ǮʲôҪ˵ֱӻ
쵼Ҫҩô죿
ⲻ((co)co)ģһҩˣ
ĲȻͷһϲҾ˵𣬲ܾôŹȺòȻΨͼСˣ
ôˣǸȻûиı䣬Լˣ
ԭ˱ӵطѴ칫ҵ绰ټȥᡣ
ͬʱ˳ҩﴦ¡
˱ʲôռŵҩͬʱѵһǸҩ
ĲȻûȥֱƿ˷š
ֻй˱ͺϣˣˢˢתͷĲ֮˭

25.Ϲ

ϣȳĲҽ漴ЩȻŤŤ()塣
˱ֻ۾һ, ͻָ, װµӡ
ĲȻ󷽵(), Ժϣ˵
ûˣҪǹ˶ӳҩ
ǡϣֿ˿˱
һ˿ЦݹϹ˱ǡ
ԺϣŬŬ, ʾϣ뿪
ϴȰȥˣϣ, ̵ŲС, ʱͷ˵ı(qng)
ֲõĸо, ˱ĲȻ֮Щɸ˵
Լľ, ҪΣˣ
ϣ, ȥѡ
մ, ϣЩ죺, 㲻Ŵȥɻʲô
չ, һҪȥwأ
ʲôˣ
һѾȲ˵, 㣬ɵСĲҽ
ʲô˼
֮ǰҲǸ, ˵ϴ󲻿ܸĲҽһջ仰
Ϊʲôɫһ, Ͻ׷ʵ
ϣֽʱرǽ(r)ҩ粨ڹĲ֮, 꽲һ顣
Ȼ, Ĳҽ˱һĻ, û˵
Ǿ仰Ҵδϴʧ̬Ĳҽǰϴ̬ȣֵûɡ
ϣ˽ۡ
ھȥҴסˣת()Ҫߡ
ϴȥˣڲڣϣָϽ˻ѻסꡣ
˵ˣ(qng)ãȥ⼸죬Ҿͷһٳ⵹ʵ
ûټ֣ţǵȹתʱҴ(to)(to)
ϣŷﵽѵĿģԼ˽ȥ
ղҪȥң˱϶֪Լͷ˺Լɡ
ϣֿ̹˱ŭӣǿɽɷˣԼŲȥùͷأ
(r)źϣ֣£̸
ӣô(to)ϴĻϣֲһѺʵ
Ҳûãô찡п֧ϣʹͷϣְûӣ㻰أ
롣ϣԼļ°ͣ㻹Ǳˣϴྫܸɣ㻹(to)(to)ȥͲˣ˵ϴ֮䣬Ǿͨͬ¹ϵһŮǵģʰɣ
˵Ҳеü
ϣִӶͳ̺Уֱãϣ
Ұ֮䣬ھǾϵ
ϴ¶()Ŀ϶˹ǰɣҿĲҽһŸ˭ࡣᣬûŮζû»ϴŸɡܣٺÿҲ״ʱ䳤ˣԻᷳ
㣬Сˣ˭
ѽӦѧᷢƣû¾͵ϴǰգܡ
סˣֱ()壺ô˼˿˲˵л
˵ʲôл(qng)ԸģôһǲĲҽᣬԴ׸ϴأϴúƣ˭ʺŮˣ
ϣһ˵ˣҵˣԼúĥĥ
꣬ϣֿҩĻ̤ȥwеĹ·
źϣȥ˳˼
ͬһʱ̣˱һװŲϣһĲȻ:
ڣ
ȥسҩȥˣͷĶǼҩû취ֻԼȥˣ ĲȻ˸ӣڹ˱()ԡ
ңͽкϣȥˡýǣ˱̧ͷĲȻ
Ҳ׳ֵܷҩ𣿡ĲȻЦЦ
˱΢΢ףǵҲǣˡ
£ĲȻŹ˱е(r)
ϾҪתƵȥ˵⣬˱ͣĲȻһ£ʵ㻹𣿡
ôٸ(r)(r)ҹҹԼŰ()ȥԼȥ
ĲȻĹ˱þûջߡ
˱üԸˣ
ĲȻŷӦ(qng)ɣ
ĲȻʣæžˣҲ֪˿ϵôˣ
ûʲô󰭣
ҿ
ĲȻǰ˱Ӿȥʱһüͷ⻹ûʲô󰭣
ֻ˱첲д˿ˣɫ˿ڷ˳ۡ
·ҿ
˰ɣ
ƾƣ
˱·ƿĲȻüͷøˣˣ˵û£
ֻ˱ĸһָõ˿ڣֱߵѪˮһɫ
УǼѵ˿ڣط죬Ⱦ˿ڣֻȥҽԺˣ
ô𣿡
ڣˣݣĲȻӰͳسҩҩɴŹ˱ߡ
˱շԸ㣬ֻһϥĶ̿㣬()ϡ
ĲȻþƾ޻Ȼʼ˱ǰͺ󱳵ļ˿ڲߡ
̫(r)Ǵ򿪴Ҳ(r)硣
շһ˿ڣĲȻѾͷ󺹡
Һôӭչ͸һ˿㣬ܼЩ(r)
۹˱ǰ()ʯӲͻĿ鼡()()()İɴѵʣһɫСġ
Ƥںɫ()µӳ£֬һϾ
ĲȻ()רעĸ˱ߡ
˱һ̧ͷͿײĲȻ()
ĿһεκͷϹ䣬һ·˳աϸĲԾ**֮䡣
˱ĺͷͣ¹
˿̵ĲȻٴΪ˱ǿ־𺳡
û뵽ëûҧӲһ(ͦͦ)ȥ
ǡеκϹ䣬õ˿֮С
˱()һһ
ܲ˾ͽгɣĲȻȰ
ʲôҶ˱̸Ц
ϣͿһƣĲȻó׼ʼ
ʱ˱
ĲȻܸоǰĹ˱һ˿޵Цݣǿյ˫ƺҪȥ
µϴðѪӲü(ͦͦ)ıǣ̣((Ʊ))ˣ()׼ҰǣսּΣգĲȻûɸеһ˿㣡
񣬼ʼ
ת()ʱԼ()ʱ˲˱ĺ󱳣ķ̾Ϣǽʵ()ˡ
ĲȻ˱򶶶Ȼ͡
ٸӰϣ
ǰʱװСĵ()ͷ
Լ()ǰȫ¶ڹ˱ǰ
ʱװӲ˲˱簢׶-ǿ()š
˱ҲܲסԷһе()ת()ĲȻ()ϣֿʼĲȻ()ϸ
ĲȻ()˫ֽ§ס˱Ĳ(ͦͦ)ֱ()ӭȥ
Ϲˣ
˱ŷҲĲȻΥļ(qng)
סǰˣٶߣ
֪ʱƺҪΪڵļ(qng)(qng)ֻ࣬ĲȻߵ

26.Ѫˮ

˱ĲȻԭʼ**, Ѫյ(), Ҳܲס
, һǳˡ
ֻʮʼշԼ, δŮˡ
ĲȻԼÿһδÿһδϢ, Լļս
ǿ죬ͬԶŲԭս衣
ʹϼӴ, ȥ()ԵŮˡ
˱()忪ʼĲȻŤ, շϵ˿ָѿ
˿Ѫ, ̰ʹ, ȴȫȻܲ, ʹѪ, ˷ܡֻҪǰŮΪһ塣
ʱĲȻ˫Ϲ˱ĺ󱳣ǿļ(), ˫ǰ()̽ȥ̰Ħŷï()ë
», ()еĸִʵӲ, 鼡()ָμ
ĲȻо֮, Щʪ(r)̧ɵ۾һ, Ѫ
ûп־度, ֻ˷衣
оԼ·صǸҹ, ɱͷ֮Լ͹˱һٲƵĴҲٰһ
ʱİϡ˫֡첲һʱѪ()
ĲȻоԼʶʧǰ˵Ͷʱص
Ҳ޷ĵſ⣬һһڿʼҧ˱Ӳһֱ±ߵĸ
ĲȻĹѪŵĹ˱ʱ()ΪҰޣ﷢֮һѽ()ϵĵ()³˺
ֻȥĥɰ㿪ʼ˫ߡ
ĲȻ(jn)ܲס̲סҵİ
ˮ˱ĲȻĺУȻͣ
еѪ˿ȥĲȻ
ղźʲô
ĲȻ(ͦͦ)ֱ()ӣϹ˱գ糺죬Ŀ룬һֱҳİ
Ҳİ˱һƿĲȻ
Ȼ͵()ĲȻ()ߵһ̣һ֧ϡ
ȿȡĹ̲ͣסҵĿ
ĲȻű˺ĵʮʧ䡣
ǰˣΪʲôǲϳԼǰ
ǰ㶯(qng)ʱҲûɿڵļ
ĲȻ˦˱һ뿪ɿ()ӣ˿ڴѪֱӣЩġ
Ĭһᣬƽ(qng)˵˿ѪˣҸϣ
˱ûзԣֻͷ̡
ĲȻѰ´ϣϵ촦ĺᣬȻ޻˱˿ڵѪˮɣҩۡ
ıٴηߵʱ򣬹ꡣ
˱۵ֱӣͷ˫ס()ء
гǰɣ
ǰɣ
ǰɣ
νǰɣ
ôģ
ĲȻƤ()ֶ˼Ȼ·ɣ˿ڴѪˮ
˱Ȼ۵˹ȥ
ιȥǰȴʮο
()(qng)˭Ҳ۸
ˣӲʵˣҲҪԼıˣ
¶΢Цɵ()ϡ
ĲȻ˱˹ȥͷһ
Ȼôŷ
׳øͷƵģˣ
һ䣬е˿ڷϣ򵥰һ¡
Ȼڹ˱ͷһ£·()ϣȻ뿪ˡ
ĲȻ˫ֱ()ǰͷ첽صס
ԺŶԣĲȻкˣ
ĲȻһ š㼱ҴҵĽԼݡ
ֻһ£ĲȻȻЩƽ
ļ(qng)ȥҴңǳ˳һ㣬Ҳ죬ȥҲ졣
ĲȻϸ䵱ʱ(qng)ʵڸ㲻ףΪʲôͷ˱Ҫһʱ˸ɲȻֺݺݽԼƿ
˼ȥԼᵽ󣬹˱Ϊ쳣ġ
ˣ϶Ϊ˱Ҳڹ¶Ժ¡
ʱΪãʤˡ
˱ǰԼÿԲƿԼİɣ
⵽һ㣬ĲȻЩˡ
ҲãŮ˰
һ侲ηûʲôѵԼĲȻеǰδйĿ־塣
ǵģǵǣǿ־塣
ʼ¹˱ãǽ޷ܡ
ĿŮ̸ЦֻܳΪһֽõġ
Ļ̫ң롣
ĲȻϥ()һǣ˫ֱŸ첲ͷȼ䡣
ˣԼǲҵĸ磬Ǻųľǧš(qng)ʥ
û׼ܰŽ⣡
ĲȻ˵ʹ򣬲һȥ磿
ӣҿԸһֱڻš㲻̫ãʱ䳤ˣϰûˣ绰Ƕ˵Ĳ磬˵һࣸͣǹ
֪˸硣һ㣬ĲȻ˵׷Լϲˣ
˵ʲô绰ͷһ£űһЦŷmy godûɣû뵽ɽһãȻҲϲˣ
˵˵˭ҼҵĲŮ˷ģ
ĲȻôŮĻԣ
ãĹ쾭壡׷wж((Ʊ))һǿˣmba飬ʲôģŹ𣿶ˣˣǰһиֳүΪҪɱ㻹ûҺܺ棬ĸ˲ˣ㵹׷
ҳЩ߰ģˣ˵Ҳ˵æȥɣ
ǧҵ绰Ҵˣ(())вУĲͣһᣬʵ㻹q𣿡
ڣôˣ
ǾУֱӷɹȥ㵱ָ
ĲȻЦˣҪСô죬ðˣ
ĲЩ⣺ѽæأǰһʱתǩһ˾ʲôչ˾׼רأ
ǹϲˣ
˵갡μӹ˾ķѵҪüܡڸûʱ棬еֽŶ֪ķţҹȥɣ
ԴĲȥ()֤¶ؼҴ˼죬ĲȻһûˡ
ڼ϶ıϵֱ졣
ЦֵĲȻȻԼˡ
㣬Ҫʵģ͹ɣĲȻͬˡ
ŷˣͶķɻƱ绰ͷĲԵú˷ܡ
ĲȻҡҡͷټ͹˵绰
绹ǸӣϴСˣûСһûΡ
õû˵
ܶʱһ£Լһ뵽ģĸԼȹӦڣطͼͥĸ硣
ĲȻǵúԼձĲʱ(qng)
һĵ磬ĲȻȴһҲˡ
ΪڲǰһֱӰİ뿪˵ҪȥѰҸõδһԼȥ
ǹ¶ԺһģΪҵͬĲҵ
ʱѱҰСӡ
ݵģ첲ϣһһ顣
ҲմĲƽɽͳ̾ŵԭ
ĲȻܾϳ̾Ÿȹӡ
Ź¶Ժͳһɫ(to)װմգϥǴĥ÷ס
ôĲƽɽļС
ʱĲȻıݺһѡ
ڹ¶Ժʮסһ䷿ϲҪ⡣
ĲңǶʮƽĸʽסլÿ
װ޼Լ򵥣ŨŨĹŵϣִʱмԼַںϣȻʲôΥ͸Уǳֳһֱµķɡ
ĲȻʱȻЩ
Ьڵ̺ϣԵЩֻ۾תͣĴŴڵİ衣
иֵкСʿװȥĲȻҪһͷĲȻ¶΢ЦãҽĲ磬棬ķ磡
ĲȻ˾䣺ҽӡ
ûٿڣĲ֣Ҳ޷Ӧ
Ĳֻεջ֣ԼԴ
ļ죬ĲȻԼװ⬣Ӳ˽
ϲһ̻ʣѿӵһߣץ
ϣصԼ䣬һأҲ()˯һ䣬˯¡
˽ܾСޣצ
ȥǶȺϲƧС·
ԼϲĶץ˾ܣĲĲĸ̷Ǹ⳥¡
Ϥܱ߻(r)ĲȻҲסˡ
˼Ұһ賤ÿĥԲҪȥİ
ĲĲĸڣ߬ǮĴӺ˳ʼĴ䡣
Ĳ緢ڣ绰ϰĲĲĸԼҲһȥѰҡ
ڳ;վĲȻһϣƭ˵ԼаҪԼߡ
ԽԽƫƧһ
Ǹͬﻹżˡ
Ϊ׵˷ʵһҡ
ĲȻЦţ¶˽Ƶݡ
оԣʼ
Цſ˵ʲôǼ߰ɣ
ĲȻ֪˴˵е˷ӡ
۽ǿһɨǽǵһשͷ
ͬյĳҲŲܾ־ܡ
û˿ԥ()שͷݺݳŵȥ
ȫ޷ͿһӰιͷʹޱȡ
һĨȫѪʱеͷĿѣȻֱ(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)
ԭѪĲȻЦһŤͷܡ
ŷӦĲȻ׷˹
ĲȻܵϣ˿
кǻˣң
Χ˹뿴ô¡
׷ĲȻǮһתϵǽߣµ
СѾͷƬӣѧã͵ӵǮǮóȥɳ
˱ǰæͣ뿴ĲȻô˵
ĲȻŴߣҪѣ
ǲǻˣ˷ӣҲС͵
д㲻С͵߬ŵʲôһСôôǮ
һͷǰץסĲȻǮ֣ҪʹĲȻ֡
ҰǮ
ҵȫϣ
ĲȻһڳͷ˵ҧȥҧѪ졣
ͷ۵ֱлһŽĲȻߵڵء
ĲȻڵأͷɢкѪ޵۹⿴ΧĻˣ
һȺе۸һСʲô£
Χ۵ȺŷֲԾмҪԱ߼()Ĵ󺺣ӻ()˵鷳͹һȥ
ߵĲȻǰĲȻ֣ҿܣ
ĲȻоָһʹȴҧסʼûнг
Ӵ(ͦͦ)ǾʹΪֹ
ΧѲٿеŮŵñۡ
ĲȻҲۣ׼ӭӼı
ס֣ﻵҸձ˾Ͼ͹ˣ
ǡڴʱһ֣˾
Щ飬ĲȻӣת۾ʧӰ١
꽫ĲȻҪ£أ
µ꣬¶˽׵ݣڹҫ£ĲȻǰ
ĲȻꡣ
꽫ĲȻȻһЦĲ硣

27.ԹԾͷ

ؼԺ, ĲȻˡ
ȴĬ࣬һط, ̫̫ɽ, һ仰Ҳû, ĬĬԶ
ʱڹ԰ĳ, ΧҶ
ʱͥԺĲݵأƮ
ʱǴԼ, εա
ʱ, ()ߵ, ȻĲ硣
ôԱ, ͬԲ
Сȥ棬΢ЦҡҡͷҪã
һܹ, ĲȻڿ˿ڣ㲻ң
Ĳȴû, ҡҡͷ˵˾䣺, Ҫһֱú㣡
ů, ĲȻеļȻѡ
ĲȻָܵϤĺǻʼ()ԵС硣
ȴЩĲʹԸ, ĲȻԼϲŭ, Ĳ
Լ(qng)ϵ
, ĲȻ¶Ц, ЩЩԼĸˡ
˱˹֪ͨĲȻ, Ϊµ񣬽ҪתƵСȥ
ĲȻ֪Ҫߣȴû뵽һô졣
֪һϢץĲȻֲţôջҪأ
һģ
ϧ
ʱС˹Ĳҽϴͺǣæίύӹ߲ҹö
ĲȻһЦ
˱һ߰ɣ
˿ˣ
ҲûʲôſǰУˣȥڻСƽ
ȻСƽʱһߣ
СƽʱѴԱææµµʰŶ
еĽѴİˮƺϡ
еĽƷű࣬ΰںá
еĽЯʷַһָԱָֺ
ٴ˹ŷѴԱʰ
иĲȻϾ̫үΡΡ˹ĲȻ˹Ĳҽллˣ
ĲȻϽ̫ү죺˼ңǶӦģ
˱ӭײĲȻ۵׻⡣
ְͷתָԺĶԱᶫ
ĲȻŷ׳ͷƵģǵ˶˵ʲô
ĲȻҡҡͷΪղԼĵ̾˿
˱һ㶣źϣִ
ӣĥʲôأʲôʱˣЩʹûϳ
ϴһֱûŰϣί¡
һаͳټϷѴӱ()еʳԱʣ̤ȥh·;
·ϣٴ׷״Ӽ·С
еӲǽԼҵļͲժ߹˳У͵ĲȻ͹˱ǵϡ
ϰٻ˼ҵļеУʻԶ
ڳͷʹӻֵĴĲȻ΢΢Щж
µĴǴӣ㾴һߣͻһɡ
һ£ͺ޲ܸѡ
Щˣֵ
ĲȻջߣֽ۹ͶǰڸʻλĹ˱
ǰ죬(qng)רעܰ͸˿˿Ҳ֪Щʲô
뵽wĺ̹ɣ
ԭΪѴӾǷˮʱţû뵽ˮ˺ȴš
ЩӦó˲ٿɣ
ԼĲҵļǻ³ġ
ĲȻɣĹ˱ǹӹ¶ԺߵģΪиùޡ
ϣֱʻСѧ
Ƿżʱ֣ѧУһģʲô˶ûС
ˮֺϵ쵼ѵ((co)co)ڹ˱³֮ʣס֣
ˡץ٣ֱУ칫ҿᣡ
Ѵʱ칫ң
˱ͷŤͷԳϵ˺ж
ŵ((co)co)ʱ
ĳű򿪣ϵʱɵжϰңһһŲ˽ҡ
˱ĲȻ()ߣҽкϣִߣȥҸطס
ô鷳סҾסġ
˱üǼסޣҲţһ£˵Ӳΰܺãģ
һȺүסһǲ㡣
ҸطҲã徻ڡ
ĲȻиССͷʱԺǰ˶Ҫе͸ˡ
ĲȻüסû⣬Լҵطúϣָš
ȷŲðæ˱¶ġ
ҪôġĲȻƲһ䡣
˱ĲȻ˿ŵã
ǡ˽й˱ȥᣬŤͷĲȻһۣһ䣺
ǵֻ磬()ţŹȥˡ
ĲȻУš
ѧУһɽϣĲȻ˳ɽ
ɽ£ĲȻסһĦģʦȥùݣ̫á
̫עĿûѡݡ
ĦĵطǽС()硱¥ߣȥЩͷˡ
ǽЩ¾ɰ߲¶ƬĻɫǽƤ
ĥʯģ(r)쳤ȻԷ
ĲȻǲô⣬Ұⶼסˣǰļª㲻ʲô
෴еһİ
ãΪɾ
Ҳûʲô⣬Ա졣
ĲȻͳ()֤ǰס꣬һλ
һ̷ŮҲʮ**ͣй˿ͣϼЦݣ
ס죿
ĲȻ룺Ȱһɣ
һʮѺ١һֵŮſǣޱ(qng)˵
һŴԲȸߣȥ͸(r)һ㡣
ĲȻֹһ䣺(ͦͦ)ˣ
(r)˵ʲô
ĲȻһ䣺繩緹𣿡
ͷ˷ۣſھС̯
ĲȻЦЦҲǣôˣԼһˡ
ˢɲԣĲȻһ䡣
Բ𣬱ûpos(r)ص
ĲȻѱȫ()ҲûԪǮ
Ǯ100ԪǾס졣
(r)ʲôĲȻоƣ絶Ǯ(r)˵ʲô
(r)÷ëԾӣĿȥûûʲô
ϽóԿף¥207պã
ĲȻչԿףֶ(r)룬ת()¥ݡ
ͷ(r)ղŮÿ£Ҳ֪ʲô·
(r)񣺡ɲôģܿɱҶǻϵģӡ
ˣ˵ˣɱȥ
Ȼ(r)˹һ۷ĲȻס͡
ĲȻסЦʵĵ绰Ƕ٣
ͷ˿ص8265431ֱӲС001
лл¥ݡ
ŮûҳĿĲȻ¥
˺һ(r)˵˾仰ˣ
ţˣ
(r)()ˣô·ģ
ĲȻЩЦû뵽¥ŮȻ˺ᡣ
Ҳѹ֣Լ˾x⣬Խ͸
ҽԺв(i)ڵĲˣ۹ע֮£󶼻ԹԾͷ
Щ()˲ˢ˺ľ塣
û˵ԵʣƤЬ桰ˡ죬˻
ĲȻֱߵԼķ䣬ƿţһţʼԼµ()֮
䲻󣬿ұ߰һ()ټһ()ͷһСԲû˵ط
̵ĵ̺һͺܳ¾ɣеĵط¶˰ɫǱЬġ
Ǽ򵥵һ㲼׺һЩ黨ͼϻմûϴɾɫա
忴ԵЩɬ
ĲȻȴ⡣
̫ϲķ䣬ڼʱŴ
Ҳ(i)ƣϰߴĲ𣬾һֱ
򵥹£һ¸ƷĲȻȥתһת˳Ը
ʱԱߣ
ƿš
ĲȻеŹ֣(r)Ͷͷҡҡͷˡ
(r)ֱˣˣ㲻⣬Сѱ
ĲȻû(r)ĻΪһţͱ޴û
ԶǸأ賵
ǰ·׼ؼҵĳǰʲôͨ¹ʣһȺΧţͽ
ĲȻЩͷ()ѣ֪Ͳסõˡ

28.ӵ

ĲȻ, ԱߵСȥ
˺, Ȼһ¾Сȥ
ԼǻСѧأֱӴ⳵ҸطԿڷ
ԥ䣬ֻ
ĲȻһ, ǹ˱硣
ҵסĵطû
ҺˣǼҿվùݡ
ʲôȥ㡣
ʲô£
տᣬЩһ¡
һĨЦݸĲȻߣԣҵԷ
绰Ǳһ㶣ʲô
(qng)æô, ԸΪɣ
شʮѸ٣ãʱص㶨
ʱڣصǵͷ, ɫĲȻֻое㷢̡
绰Ǳ΢Ĭһ£ǾͶڳϽֵηׯſڵ㡣
⻹ࡣĲȻĹ˵绰
Сûг⳵, õĽͨ߾֮ǰĲȻĦг
ĦгҲûС
˰, һֳ𣿡
ĲȻ̧ͷһ, ǸʮϺڡ
ôշѣĲȻʡ
ԪǮ
ĲȻԵͷǮ㹫߰ɣ
ֻϳ֮, ĲȻЩˡ
ֳŵ̫, ټϽͨ㣬̶̼·, ǲ˰Сʱ
(r), Ϻȵú䤱, ĲȻʵڲ˵ʲô
Ǯ˵лл
ĲȻһ³Ϳ˱ڷſⲽʱԼ䡣
ﰵЦˣһͷͿʼ䡣
̵Ŀȥ
˱ǰһ첽˹ˣ˰Сʱ
ôȲˣ
ǣˣûλˡ
ԭ˱ѡһңķꡣ
ʱ򣬻Ǳ
ǰԤֻʵʵŶӡ
ĲȻŹ˱ݣ(r)ݡ
̸˵صģƵģź峴ըʱͷ()ѣ
Ͳѡĵط𣿡
˱ЦЦ
һǰһ㣬Ⱥ
ӺųȥȻһԷĵط
ҷһ棬٣ʺ㣡˱͵
ĲȻͷûԼϲԤλ
ż䣬ֻˡ
ȵˣ㿴Щʲô˱׵ݸĲȻ
ĲȻ˿˱ǰĵ˵ϣ黨
˱ŽͣǱɫرóԡ㿴Щʲô
ĲȻҪĿǺ͹˱ӴԳʲô˸⣬زˡ
˱ʣȲȾƣ
ĲȻ»ν㣡
׾ζһ˱顣
ԣ
Ա˱˸ָ
һ׾üĿ崿Ů˱
ãʲôˣ
˱׺͵˵˹ȥ˵
˿ϣһ(r)õ׾ƣ
Ͼͺã
ܿŮһ׾ƺһ̲˾ͻˣȻͮͮģ˵ƾվһԡ
˱üȥɣҪһ㣡
õģҾ棬ʱԸŮЩᣬһͷ˳ȥ
ƺͲ˼˵㣬Ȼس㣡˱ȿǻ
һҾ͵ûwǡĲȻע⵽˱ӹһ˿ʧɫ
ôģwǣ㣡ˣѺӺ켸ҲϣĲȻ˵
˱üëɾһ¡
æҲæʱͲˡ
ôװôˣ
ҪԼ
Լ²ģֻǰԼã
űľƣĲȻ⡣
Ⱦ⿹ӢһҲллңĲȻȸΪ
֮£̸ʲôллġ˱ЦЦҲźһ
׾ƹȻ
Ϯˣˬڣ븹֮ůģʮ
ʱҲ˽
˱Ȱɫˣ
ĲȻӳһڣȷζ쳣
˱ûж꣬ǿ΢Цô
ܺóԣĲȻûп˼ꡣ
˼ڣòԾͣ
ôˣ
ڶƣϰվģ
˵ͷ࣬УҺȣһ
ƹѲ˵Щ졣
Щ(r)ľֽЩлĲȻȻһת
뽲¡
£˱Ҫƺ
ǰ𣿡ĲȻ̧ͷŹ˱
㽲˱ɫ䡣
·ڹ¶ԺһһŮСŰ˳ջǱץ˻ȥ
⣬ĲȻͣŹ˱ܴϵɫЩߡ
˱Ȼûб¶ɫĿ
ԼҪһ˭Ҳ뿪
ǣкʧԼŮ뿪˹¶ԺûκѶŮû취ֻѡһ˼ҡ
ŮʼնѰк䣬ȴվûϢ
ǸŮңĲȻһһ٣Ź˱˵Ǹкȴʼղ֪ںη
˱ͷ˵˾䣺к˵İɣ
ʶĲȻš
˱ҡҡͷ˵ЩˣԲ˺Ⱦƣ
ݵĳĬ
ĲȻЩģҪһƣҪǰľƱﵹ
˱ץסĲȻþƵ󣺡ٺȵ㣡
ĲȻʹ˦˱֣ˣҾҪȣ
һ¸յľơ
ʹ죡
˱ü̧ۣƱַ£˰죬˵
ãȣҷ㵽ף
ǣһһյʲôҲûУɫԽԽ졣
Ƽ˵ףĲȻ˱Ѿɽ֡
ʼ˵Լ밢һһΡ
㲻֪ҿɺˣʲôóԵĶҳԣԼӡ
ٴηյʱ򣬶һһ()ߡ
һҹ裬ұŵö()ֱޡҽ§ڻҡҾôſţİοҲˡ
ĲȻԽ˵ԽƲס
ǹָҪһѧһһ𳤴Զֿ
ǰȴΥǵԣҪˣң뿪Ҳûлͷ
˱ĬĬţȦͨ죬ȴûпڡ
ĲȻֺһƣ()ǰ㣬עŹ˱ʵ㡭
ֻ𣬴ĲȻ
ǹ˱硣
ι˱˿ȣ˵绰
ڿ᣿
ҿɲ١ָҲμӣУ֪ˡ
ֻ˱΢΢̧̾ͷĲȻ˵
Ǹн飬ұμӣ
ĲȻЩʧ䣬ܵû£ȥɣ
´㣬
㣡
ˣ˱ߵſڣŲȣһӡ
׾ƺ󾢴ЩŲס
ȥɣĲȻǰס˱ĸ첲
˱˶񣬰ڰ֣ã
һΰɣ
˱ûǿ
ⲻԶ˸£һ·޻þſڡ
Ƚȥˡ˱ĲȻһۣת()š
ĲȻŹ˱ԶȥıӰһʱ뿪
ղžϣо仰ڣʵǰΪʲôϡ
ʱĲȻŹ˱⶯ֱ̯ƣԻջ
һ˵ɣ
ĲȻͻȻоʼ˫۾׶ӰһֱԼͷһȦȴʲô쳣
ΧǲʶˣԼĽڸ·
ǾƺȶˣȻ˻þ
ĲȻʹ˻ͷȻùϢɣ
ĦģһĲȻѶˡ
ʵղźȾƵĿģҪ˱Լסĵط
йŮһңͲܱס
ҵʲô㶼öҸ
Ⱳӣ±ӣ㶼ӵ
ֻû뵽˱Ҳû൹

29.òȻ

ù, (r), ͷˣ
(qng)ǹ
ĲȻҲ̲ס, ž(r)һۣô
(r)ĲȻԶʼ磺
ˣ㿴(qng), (ƨp)ϡ
ͷø첲(r)ڣȾˣ㻹ǰգ
(r)ɥ֪ȾˣҲӡ𣡡
û, һͺȶˡ
һҪûȶأ
ӶˣԶ, Ҿŵζˣ׾أ
飬㵱Ȯȥˣ
ң
Ůǰ̨׷
(r)ɶˣĲȻľѺȶࡣ
֪ԼȻƽô, Ҫ˾ƳûмĶ֡
ͬ¸ƿǶͷ, 굽ӵ, ֻ΢
ӴҲ˸ơ
ҲҺ͹˱ƴƵԭ
ɹ˱ҲƲ, (), Ҳ
׾Ƶĺ󾢴, Щܲס
ص, ĲȻϴһ£()ϡ
ȥͰĵεΣĲȻЩ㱡
ƾô˯ȥ
ڶ磬ĲȻ
ĲȻĿֱս((Ʊ))ۡ
һֻڰС⡱뿪֦ͷڿն
ϲȵ
ѵк·
ĲȻֻʾʱŵ
˯ͷˡ
ĲȻȥ칫ҹ˱ܾûû˵͸ľôڰգܡ
ٳʱ(r)ûӭҲûдкװûĲȻ
ֻϵı(qng)Լ
ǿ򶨶ֲֻ̿
ĲȻҡҡͷֱùݡ
ûн賵Ҳûнͨ
ĲȻ˳ǰ·Ħģͻͻͻһ·ẓ́ɽϵСѧȥ
һУţڰ˶С־ͷĲҽã
Ƕӳ𣿡ĲȻ˳ʵַ¶ԼЩһˡ
شȴЩ⣺ڡ
ĲȻһ£æ׷ʣȥˣ
ʱõǶӳżȥˡ
˵û˵ʲôʱ
Сҡҡͷû˵ߵʱ˵ڽ룬̽(qng)Ӧò̫á
ĲȻЩʧôôɣ
ĲҽҪ칫ҵȵȣСֿ˿ĲȻʵ
ĲȻһȦµķԱʮæµ룺ˣȥˣ
ת()ȥ֮ǰһ仰Ƕӳһ˵ˣ
İɣĲҽ
ɽĲȻô磬ʼĿĵй
ֻϲȳô֣һ߾ܵͷ
ĲȻһҿȥϴ̵꣬׼ȥ(r)Ʒ硣
ͷ߼䣬Ȼ˺ĲҽôɣôҲ⣿
ĲȻ̧ͷһһɫӳɫˡ
ⲻǸΰôҲˣ
(ͦͦ)ɣô⣿ĲȻûбֳ֪ӣ̲ʡ
ΰһӣվĲȻǰǸϰֹġ
ˣ
ĲȻȴȻƽ
Щ䣬ΰֻü˵
ⲻˮϰִʮֻᣬqϾȼˣǮ
ĲȻûӦΰָǰ˻Σ⣺
ʮ򣡻мֵʮҩƷ
ĲȻߣòȻ϶ѣҲǰĸΰ񵱻¡
ΰԱŪôĴƻɶҰһ((co)co)ġУе̨ߣרΪξʵ¼أ
ⲻԶҪҹȥΰ񷢳롣
ҪĲȻͲмһˡ
ϲ(i)˶գԸֳϵ¶޸С
ǵдΣһλ˶wóʣι;ͻಡ˹ⰲ˴л磬гȥˣûӣȥ
Ĳƽɽ׸ᣬǸ
ĳ棬λڣǾͱҪȥһˡ
ߣĲȻü˵ͷ
ûϣĸΰ񣬼ĲȻͬˣʱֿ촽Цˣ
Ǹһ룬Ůҽͬˡ
ϧûԼкϡ
ǿҸٻǺģʲôɽˣõ壬ͳͳ¡
ȴԼ˷֮(qng)ãߣ
κʮֻ֯ľᣬΪڣһ¥ǰĹ㳡
һ֣Լ㳡Уš(i)ķס֣(r)ַǷ
ĲȻŸΰ񣬼ȺС
ΰϯ̨˷һָǾҰ֣ôɰɣ
ĲȻи฻̬ˣɫװŰ׳ĴͷԵúǸ̬ĺ()쵼˵
б()޵Ļ档

ȻѾɻɻңĲȻҲϳ
￴Ҵ㵽ǰȥɣΰ顣
ĲȻ̨ϵĸ߽ҡͷˣ⿴
ʱϯ̨ϵῪʼҲ֮ͣ
棬кʮ᳤ֻ߽һӭ˴ͷƣҲӦ
߽ЦŰѹһѹq(r)(qng)()ϣҿֺؽϣ
߿()װºѹѹȺҲһΪ(r)ҵ
̨Ҳʱ¼⼤ĵʱ̡
ƽϢ߽һǵģԶǺϵһģ죬ҴȫиȺڣʮ򣬻ҩƷ
һƬ׶
Ⱥ֮УĲȻƽ̨ϵĸ߽òȻ˭֪ǿƱ˵Ĵߺ棬ŶٴĿĵı밹࣡
үҲۣôûҽԺ
ĲȻ()ǻ޷
ΰûע⵽ĲȻı(qng)ãԱੲݣ
ôϰ(ͦͦ)ɣҸ˵ϰ־ǽԣ»Ƶĺù١
ƽʱڼңȵĲ趼ͨģһ(to)װ˺ü꣬ڶˡ
ϻ᳤һڹϣżҡװеպ񣡡
yطˮҰֻסԺأܿ࣬ҽȰ裬ҪǰԺˣĴＯƿճＯ꣬˹
ΰ̸Լĸףüɫ裬г֮(qng)ĭӺɣǰ˵ĺס
ĲȻֻЦʵȥˣȺΧȥ
ΰ˵˷ܴһͷĲȻȻ뿪ˣֱ
Ĳҽʲôȥȵң
ƴ()󼷣ȴȺӿ˴
ΰ񼷵()ǺֻĲȻԶ
˿̨ϣתת⡣
ΰʼϯ̨ȥ
ʱӽβ߽šʮֻʰԲĳƵ˸Ӱ̨ȥ
ΰæ˺̨֣
߽ͷСӣղȥˣôӰ
ղȥ̣ˣ˼䡣ΰ򵥽һ䣬͵ؾ⣺֣ͷǮûֽȱǮ
߽Ÿΰ񣺡һǰոôͻˣ
֣ǵǮҸѾ۴λᣬpartyûˡΰ񿴸ЩˣϽ˵Ǯµģ
߽棺ʲô£
׼׷һʶŮҸоҪҵһ롣
߽۾һָŸΰ񣺡Сʲôʱת()ˣܶ㶼˵磬û湻ôָıˣ
ΰԴⲻײ𣿰֣˵ɣ
Ҽ֧֣ˣŮˣĹ
֣İɣ۹û⣬԰⣡
ãʱŮ￴߽ԺǸˣڴӦ
Ҹոտʼ׷أ֪˼ͬͬ⡣
Ҷô㣬û⣡򹻲߽ʼֻ
ΰԲ۾ôͷôˣϴθĶ򣬻ĥ˰죬Ҫŵġ
¸߽ڣæ˵̫ˣ

30.֮

߽㿪ֻĵ, ֱӸΰĿתȥ5
ΡΰԼֻ, ͷһǮѾˡ
ϰ, ãΰϽǮпϡ
һĶ, ˵һ, ˣת۾뿪ϯ̨
ΰ׷ĲȻ
ղŴϯ̨ʱ, ĲȻɢʱ뿪Χ, Ҳ޷ƶ
ΰһݾĲȻ׷ȥ
һסʮסʮף˵ľ̡
ʱȺɢ, ĲȻѸٵĳߣת۾͹չǽǣʧڸΰС
ΰ񰵽⣬æȺ׷ȥ
תѾĲȻӰˡ
ΰ۾ǰ, Щͷɥ
ʱһ󿨳Ӹΰ()Ծΰǰһ·棬ĲȻվڵʲô
ĲȻڵĦġ
̫࣬Ħʧһա
ĲȻ뵽ǡ󿨳, ͸ΰ뿪
ΰ, ĲȻ󺰣Ĳҽ
ĲȻ˽, Ѹת(), ֻΰ׷
㻹ţƤǣôմҲţĲȻü˵
ΰΪ⣺ûб˼ʾһ¸л֮(qng)
лʲôĲȻһʱûӦ
л㸴λҵĸ첲Ҳлڸߵصʱ֯ǣҪû㣬ʱ˵û׼úˮˣ
ĲȻ¶һ˿ڽôУҲԼ̫ߡģҾԼҲֻӴģ
㲻(qng)£Ҿǵ㣡
ΰһ٣ӣô̫СҴȥسǣٲֱȥwСʱص
Ÿΰק(())ĲȻ±ġ
ΰ񻹲֪ԼĲҽҪԸ⣬ʮ˸ҲǮ£
ҫ֮(qng)Ա
ĲȻͷЦЦ
ʲôʱԼôûԭˣȻ˷ѱʱ䣬һ竿̸
վվˣԼ䶼һ衣
һˣת()ߡ
ΰ˵ͷϣĲȻ˵߾ߣк
ȷӦʱĲȻѽĦĻˡ
Ĳҽΰܵ·룬ִ󺰣һĦ׷ȥ
ǰûĦĹֻĲȻʧС
ΰЩڣ֪ղҪ绰룬˺ããȥң
룬Լұ⣬ô׷ĲȻ
Ǹƽʱһ(to)ؼʱ̵óȥ
ȸ˵绰ӣģسû
٣ںأ
ôʡȥˣһˣˣأ
Ұȥʡ̸⣬ܻˣ
ˣɨˣ
٣Ҿɣһеû£
ϻҹⱨû
ΰֵĹҶϵ绰ָԬ˹ȥ
ȥˣ
٣æأ
tmdװ˵ġ
ûƭ㡣hҪո㷢ȥ
h
ΰʱhqԱߡ
ôȥˣ
ǰһҺǸ𣬺мҩҪǸԾˡ͵
̸û
ˡ
Ͻҵqм
٣qˣ̫ˣҲҪ㣡ңϿ
СʱԬɫ󱼣һ·ΰԱߡ
ʱȻ磬ۡ
ΰͷһӣ굽ԬĳС
ûȸΰ˵Ԭȿ˿ڣ
٣̫ùˣ
ʲôù
Һͼﲻǵq·ҩƷǸķѴӶӳǹҩȻһкϣֵĶԱӲ((Ʊ))عҩ
ѴӳΰԬ񣬡Ǹɵ㶵ǵļ**ӣ
ԣԬҧгݡ
ΰôԬһ£
ǲɵ򰡣ǲҲȥƾʲôֲҩֵģ
˵Ҫǲȥõӡֽҩع⣡
(ͦͦ)ڰΰ°ͣҧҧ촽
ߺԽԽǸҰ֡Ұֳһ٣˵ҩչû죬ҩЧá˵ҾľԴһžɵˣ
ǷѴӶȺӣ(ͦͦ)ݣҲ㣡ΰۣԼĸ첲Թ³Ǳúøлһ£
ϴһбҪ¸㱨Ԭɰ()Ӵսΰ񣬡ǵǴηˮĲҽˣ˵Ҫȥȹ˱һߣûعǡҺͰֹʱ򣬾ײһúܽ§һˡ
ʲô§һˣΰԲ۾Ŵ
ҿţֱӽСӣ϶ְ֮㣬ùĲҽߣǰӲװʲôβ򣡡
˱ҶҵŮˣΰսȭͷ
ϴۿɲ̰ԬɸϽ˵
ΰ۾ϴĳִϴ졣
죬۾ƳԬɣи⣬ԲȥҲ²ǽǲƤɣ
Ԭ˷ܵĴУôϴôŪ
Щҩˡ
ϣĹҩԬɷwеĲֿ
Ԭȸֿܲ˴绰ǽЩҩ٣ЩͬҩƷҩֱ͵yس;վ
ȻԬɴŸΰǰسǡ
;վֿⱣԱǰһ
ӹ͹ҩУתˮֱȥ
ˮ֣ΰԬɣڳ㣬֪ô˵ˣ
İɣϴ󣡡
ԬɾҩкͷƱֱˮ־ֳϣ(qng)
ؾ֣Ҫٱ
ٱü˰֣Ԭܣ£˵
֮ǰº()ҩԬɡ
ؾ֣ҩƷ󲻾ãҩгලԱ֣w˵ͼ۶ҩҩƷŲ飬־ȻǷѴӵ˸ɵģ
ؾֶԬɣ˵
ȻҾʹ绰ѶӵĹ˶ӣ֪֪¶û뵽ȻһңȻ˵ǼҩвǣǮع⣡
ؾֳסˣȻ£
ǧȷȥqһ£ûнҩϰշȥ
ãһ(qng)ʵһҩһ
ֳɲǵһҩ¶ЩӪҵΪֵϰվǾȻת־ͰѸϰյľҩƷˣҪȥˮֵͻˣ
վӰ칫߳Ԭɵļ򣬡ԬܣģʵˣһŸţҩһqϰһ
ǺãͲؾֳˣˣı(qng)Ԭ֪͸ΰļıѾɹ˴룬Ϳ˱ôˡ
ԬɵıӰ()ÿԼˮ
صԬ̸ݽΰ
ΰ˷ܵһԬ
ɵƯۿ˱ùѪͷˣ
ԬĴָ
ϴа취¹˱߹ϣˣҲᶪ
ΰߵߣŮ˵⣡ˣǻüӰѾӼȥʱôڣȥֵܺúд
ʱĹ˱Ȼ֪޴Σ((Ʊ))վŴ(r)ķܶũһߡ
Ӵ˱ûüЪȱ裬ͽӵĵ绰˵Ҫȥᡣ
쵼Ҳ̫ͨ(qng)ˣⲻǰ˵𣿸ջͿᣬó
ϣֱԹ
ˣ˵ɣҲǵһڷѴӸˡ׼ӺڣӶⲻǹĳ̬𣿡˱ùСֵݹë򵥲˲˲ֱӳȥ
᳡˱סˣΪ̫࣬Ϊ̫١
(())(())Ĵֻһڳ
ת()˱Ƶĺ
ؾ֣ô⣿
ؾֳ˱ôҺܾ𣿡
˱ЦЦղ֪ͨ˵Ļᣬû뵽ԵqλᣬǺæ𣿡
Ϊ㣡ؾֳŹ˱
Ϊң˱һ㶡
ԣĻ飬ңؾֳ˵
仰˱е⣬˿ܣͷʵ
ֳûʲôɣ
߽˱
ѡѴӳ˵ѧ̫ͣôҪĸλҾڣƷӲԷѹ
˱(qng)ҲؾֶԱ֪֮һҲˣ
ؾֻһתҲȻ֪ΪʲôҪ͸˴ǵ£
ϣ(())ټĻ᳡ڡ

31.Ĳ

˴ǣ ˱ûӦ, ü
, ǰһӾĶ, Ƿȥ𣿡
·ȥ, ҩƷ
廰ҩǸǲǣ
˱һ, æ׷ʣ⵽˭˵ģ
Ҫ˭ҵģ̇ǽ죬˸Ҿٱ, ˵˽ԷҩƷб˽ң˵, ҩеݸ˱
˱û⣬ǰ󷭿ҩ
˱ػΪ, ָͷ, ʹļף
(i), ȡ֮е֪֪ЩҩƷǷģ㵨Ҳ̫ˣȻ˵˵Ǯأʲôˣ˵ǰɣ͵Ŷ׼ɣ
˱͵̧ͷؾ, ҩǲԬøģ
ǰ, Ȼأ
ֳԬǹݺҵġ
ΪʲôҪݺ㣿֮йڣ
죬ԬҩƷ, Ƿǹڵ, ʱҾ͸⸱ֳ㱨, ˼Ҿ͵, µΪֹ
⣿üŹ˱˵˵֪£͵٣
ôҪҲ⡣ʱýڳҪǵ¶سӰܻпþ˺ģԤϡȽϣѡ˲š
ֻؾ֣ûУǿһĹҩԳġ
˱ҩá
ϰղûеõҩƷĵ()ҩȴҡ()һ˴ƼҡҲ̡
Ҿҵ()ҩԬɣǰҩȥǿ϶ͬ⣬Ҿ˵ҪǲҩȥͰǵĳ¶ع⣡
ɴ۾ҸɣǮأ
˱ӶͳһŻ
Ǯһ֣ҾһֲĻ˺ʮֻᡣ
ӹʺĽֺտλĬ졣
òųԼĻ()ˣһ˾ͿԵǹƥˣͿԲ֯ˣ
˱ͷ̬ȳϿңֳǡû֯㱨£Ը֯
̾˿Ĺ˱ļ򣺡ôһˣôΪʲôȸϼ㱨ûУһ()ҩץס©һթ˵˵ϣ
˱û
£ǹ㱨ġ
ǸӰ죬쵼϶ͬ
ȻǾնˣеĺһе
˱ĬЩŭ
׼𣬽ӵԬɵĵ绰ؾ֣˱û
ؾֵʱƿڴҩ£Լ֪tmdȥҾ͹()ҩҩ£
Ҷϵ绰Ҳ˱ŭˡ
˱뿪ĵһ̡
̼䣬ƣģۡ
ԬǸЩӰ첻
ˮ͡
ж()ҩҵӸ
ĵĺҵôʰǻģ
Ԭǰһ绰ʱƤЦ()Цһ(qng)ͱˡ
ֻ洫ཡæۣ(qng)̡
ΰԬ˪ӣһ¸첲ôˣ
Ԭɥķµ绰ϴ¶ˣ
˵ʲôΰȻߡ
ԬɸĻΰҲ񣬲֪Ǻá
Ԭɵϣֱˣ¿ɺãؾֳҲˣһҩҩ¸ͱȥͷˣأ˷۱
ΰҧҧܾôԸưͿҰ֣ʲô취
ԣԣԣ٣ңҪҰ֪ˣҾˣԬɷ·ץס˾ݣ
ֱӸ߽ȥ绰绰һֱæ
ֻöԬ˵ˣȻqɣ
һ·ϣ˶ʮ
ò׳⣬û뵽ôͱʶˡ
˱е쵼зذ
ô죿
ʱ߽ΰز˵绰ʲô£
֣¹ؾĴ£绰˵㻹qȥ㣡
Ҫȥyأ·ϡ
ʲôҪyأ׼ʲô
е£Ҫһѡҵɽݣ㵽ٸҴ绰
ΰתԬɣͷȥɽݣ
ʮӺ󣬳ͣ˱ǰͣ
ݵλʮƫƧӳ̲ݳ
ΧɢŻϵС͸ʢĵϢ
ΰǰľɫתŽȥֱӴ̨ǰ
֣㵽û
302䣬ɣ
ΰԬ˵ڴһᡣ
ű¥
302ֱӿţΰţŵĸ߽к֣
Źϣ߽Ը
ΰţ߽ǰɳϡ
쵰⣬ָʲô¶ˣ߽ڲ輸һ()ӣһۻͷĸΰ
ΰ񽫼ҩ¼ȥ߽˵һ顣
֣ҾΪԬɴ򱧲ƽ˸ȻһСѴӳвˣܷʵ̫ˣⲻ۸۸𣿶ңִˣˮֵǸҲһŽ˵Ҫ()ҩ¶ϰ֣ɵ취ȾСԬ
߽ɫ꣬˴豭ϵĸĭ
㲻СԬ˵ɣ£Ҳˣһ⣬Բԣ
ΰǺŭ˵ǣǲˡ֣㲻֪ǸѴӳӸŪˣΪʲôʰ
ʲô߽űӵֶһ£Ŀΰ񣬡ѴӳҲйڣ
ϻطˮҺСԬСһĸߵϣ꣬ǷѴӳ˵̫Сǽȥʵ񹻴ΪŮ棬¼ȻҾͲˣԼ㹦򣬰Ҹ첲Ťˣ
ô£ôûأ߽Ͻվȥΰĸ첲ֻ첲
֣㵣Ĳû˵ΰ̧Ҹ첲ۺί¿ˮ֣ʱŰ첲ۻȥ´꣬ˮҪûˣ˶ܲοһзϣҪ׷ŮңҸ첲λھ͵ù͸̶ӣȥʬˣ
߽⣬ץ豭ӵ˵ϡ
һССķѴӳ̫ˣʲô֣
˱
߽ͷ۾Ĭ˼飬û
˺һᣬΰɳϵĸ߽Щ꣺
֣㵹˵仰
У֪ˣȳȥɣ߽û۾˵
ʲô㻹ûҵô찡
ʲôö˵
ǡ
ΰ˵ȴִ߽ϣҸ㶩˱ݶ¥һ䣬ȥ̨ҵԿסҸ绰ٹ(qng)㣡
˵ջӻ֣ʾΰȥ
ΰͷһƵĻص
ɳϽ겻Ԭɿΰ񣬸Ͻ()ţô취û
û˵ٵȵȡΰεҡҡͷ
ԬйƤɵɳϣûϷˣֻˡɣ
ΰԬɵ޺˵ģҰû˵˵(qng)ת۸ңϰܷŹҾͲŪСƶӳŰɣ
ΰ˵߽ڶߺ󣬲һ绰ͶԷ˴ԼСʱ
µ绰¶һ˿Цݣ
ŲӣߵԱߣ߽һѳĴƿq˫ۡ
ĲȻջص磬¥µķԱ͸ոҹԼ˵ȥᡣ
ͳֻһȻмδ磬ǹ˱ġ
ղȺд̫ûֻ
绰ȥ˱յȥˣ绰ͨȥҲûˣ
ղڴϣû
Ź˱ԹĿĲȻеϲ
ҲԼż˵ﻹԼġ
ʲô£
Ҫתȥµĵطˣ㻹ȥ𣿡绰ͷͳɳƵ
˱⼸(ͦͦ)ۣ˵Ҳ࣬Ե˻ơ
(ͦͦ)()(ͦͦ)˵ģĲȻ᲻ðѶÿ
ι绰ͷȲһ䡣
ĲȻŻعȥ
Ϊʲôȥ
˵ĹϵոЩͻƣĲȻû͸˱ôģʱسǣܸġ
ϢһϵСѧ߳Զٷոһ㣬ҵա
õģϼµ绰ĲȻеָˡ
˱ȻԼ룡
ĲȻĲһžӣϸױ
һֱĲȻʾˡ
һΪҽԺʮַæױ
һ棬Ҳû˼
ƽʱԼĸ̾ŸԼֵʡġ
ڣĲȻȴ˱仯
ΪǸԸ֤Ǿ仰ŮΪüݡ
򵥲˵ֵۣͿ˵ɫĴ࣬ԼȻЩ㱣
ǸݺĻëСѾͷǳͤͤŮ˻
ֻǲ֪Լܲ
εڣĲȻԼķ䡣
ٳʱĲȻŷ̨СѾͷЦЦ
СѾͷûзӦ
ĲȻԶ(r)Ķͷ
ңǲΣղŹȥģĻλ𣿡
ĲȻ(ͦͦ)ֱ()ӣͷ㷢ӭƮݣþ˷׷ײĿ
ʱʮעĿ񣬽ŲĳĦȥ
˱ˣ

32.̯

Сѧʱ, ѴӵĶԱվȣͷӶ, ûϣ⻹ǸĲҽ
ϣֺСһҳ, ĲȻҲһ¡
Ĳҽ, 𣿡Сִ˹, ۾, ôƯҲ㶼ˣ
ĲȻַһͷЦʣǶӳأ
ǰߣڳСָϽת()ָ·
ãĲȻݸһЦ, (ͦͦ)ֱ()߹ȥ
λԱԵĿĲȻû뵽ĲҽֱȵǶƯ
ϣְûǰɣøʲôʲôȥ
ĲȻһ˱ͷһۣͫײɴ, Ѹɨһ, ܿͻָƽȻˣֻعͷȥвˡ
ţˡĲȻ˱ֻвˣ΢΢Щʧ
˱ȻؽҰɣϾͳ
ĲȻ()ֹ, һ仰, ¿գ
ԭ·, ׼͵ĽС
ξۻ, ѴȫԱ롣
ȻªÿʱƴնɣϵĲ˳˹˱ĺ㣬һЩʳͼҳˣɴȻ˸߲ҡ
ѴӵĿʵô򵥣һͨͨĻܸͣǽſĹһɫʣǾûζ
ĲȻŶԱǺյ٩ţȴһֱͶ˱()ϡ
ӣô꣬˱û(ͦͦ)á
ѷѴӵ˼ңЩѴԱҲļˡ
Ȼ࣬Ȼۣȴǰġ
Լٸ֮ҹһţеĺ¼š
˱оĲȻ׷Ŀ⣬Щڡ
Ʊ()˵
һĲҽĴ˲ٿࡣ飬ѴӼ徴Ĳҽһ
˿Ц˵һôٵþ
ǲǣôȣ´ҵ㣡
ˣӳٱˣ£ȣ
һʱ(r)
໥ƵĻڣҸյĲȻһ
ĲҽҴ󣬽ɡ˵ʵǰǿϳģ(i)磬Բ˿ࡣԺӡ͸ˡû˵ģΪҽģһ
ĲȻѹһ¾Ʊû˵ôãְˣæллĿ佱˵꣬һ
ЦٴΰԼľƱĲȻľƱҲ˫־ٱվĲ㣬ڶƣǶӳġǶӳһֱûҵʵĳϱʾлȸΪ
Ҫٱͺȣ˱ĴһѽƱӣȻᵽңⱭƾ͸ʲô(r)!
ƽʱĶ
ӳɲУûȢȥأͿʼϧˣ
ˢһº
һȥʲô壡
˱ľƵԼĲȻϵ˵
֮ԶҾ㣡
ĲȻ￩һ£˵ôôݡȻ֪ǰ˱ܱ¶ǰĸ(qng)ô˵ˣǰ˵Ĺϵ򵥻λھ뱻֮䡣
žƵĻᣬĲȻ̽£ɹ˱ܰѻ⳶صϣƽ̬ȳϿңҲ©
ѵĿ(to)
ĶԱ֮һŮ֮(qng)ûС
ǽ˰ʾңҪԼλãҪзǷ֮롣
ΪԼ֮ǰĻϲΪ羫Ĵ磬ڿֱǶһ١
뵽⣬ĲȻԹ˱˵е£ˡ
˵꣬ϵİߡ
˱æվᣡ
ĲȻװûֱӳš
ĲȻѾ첽ʧ⣬˱()׷˳ȥ
ϣֺžĲҽ㱭ľƻûأ
תͷһ꣬ʧŹ˱ıӰ룬Ҳ׷˳
ǰ˽ңѧУ((co)co)
ʢĵҹ峺͸һԣ˵ļϡ
ݴתһƬ
˱׷ĲȻ()ԣеʣ㾫е㲻ãǲһˣ
ĲȻÿɷ񣺡Ҳɡ
˱ʣϣִ()
ֻת˵ȥúϢˣӣĲҽ
İɣϴĲҽһ͵λϣһ˵һקŹ˱ĸ첲ȥɣǵأ
˭Ҳͣûʲô£ǶĲȻ˵ӿŲתʧҹɫС
˱վŽнԶǸ()ӰʧҹɫֱԲȥ
ϣؿ˼ɤϴ߰ɣѴӻִأ
˱̧ͷһҹգͷߣȥ
ѴһҹֵУǹ˱˵컹񣬴Ľ
˱мĲȻ˺ü绰ûнӡ
룬ҲѾ˯ˣ㷢˸ţ쿪
Щģúϣȥŵʣûȥ
ĲȻʵյ˹˱磬ȴӣҲء
ʲô˼
ÿһμʱֵô䵭װϤӣ˽»ϵʲô
˼
()ֻһ()ϣȥ(r)ˮȥˡ
ϣʮӺϵվǰ磬ֻŮǰ̨ڵͷȫעֻ
ʹǰ̨ӣ
ιιŮиĲȻĻûУ
һ()ˣͷϽ()صˣ¥
ĲȻѾȫص磬ϣת()ſȥ((co)co)ֻĺ
ϴȥˡ
(r)һסӣһʹţ
ģôƣһͲʲôˣζŵҶ£
꣡˵ˣͷϽס(r)졣
(r)Ⱥϣֳţһ¥Ͽһۣ
¥Ҳ֪ʲôʱߣСĸΰһŵϰµģ
ϴĲȻͷ()ϣֻһ¡
һԤһǹ˱ġ
ţиղǼδ磬˵˱(ͦͦ)ںԼġ
ΪʲôҪر˴ǰأ
ĲȻ룬Ƿȥһţ֪ˣһ׼ʱ
()˯ŵĹ˱Ⱥӵ˺ϣֵĵ绰ĲȻĶţŷ
ŶţЦӣôٲŷԼɡ
ֻҴͷ棬۾Ŵĳ
ڶ˱ú磬Բʶ̿㣬((co)co)˾ȭ
ϣִŹǷϲȭĹ˱۾ȷԼΣ˹ȥϴô磡
˱ʽ(ͦͦ)˲ͷ()壡
ϣֿʼģϴôˣû£ڷѴˣ
ȥĲ
ȥ뵱ǣ
ˣ(ƨp)ĵģ˱ĺϣּ򣬡˵£УңϻЩҪ˵
ϣšϴ˯᲻
˯ʲô˯ҹȥϴ
Сʱ󣬺ϣУҡ
ӣ룬׼ôֹ㿴һ¡˱ļƻ˺ϣ֡
˱ȻĻߣһдȴɷ裬Щ鷨ҵķ緶
ϣּǵһλеĵϰ۹˵д͸ֽκǡ
ϣҲ⵽ʲô˼ֻ֪˱ֺ
ʲôأ˱Ļϣִ˳
ϣֽĿֽ룬ӳҾǰڿôš
ۼ䣬˱ֻȻ
һʾؾֳġ
ôм
˱Щ⣬绰
ûڣ绰ͷڵŵ
˱ɵĺ£
ܴ󣬰ѹ˱ĶĤۡ
ԱߵĺϣˣҲЩ𺳣ӳ̯ˡ
ֳʲô¶ˣ
װҼװ˱ȻҲƭ͵Ŷ״ȥɣ
ֳȱҲװɣ
ãҾһ䣬ҩǮ㵽׸Ūȥˣ
˱һ£Ǹ㿴˻ȫ˺ʮֻ𣿡
ײĲǰɣҵʮֻǲˣ˵ûǮҿĻǼٵİɣ
ʲô˱ɴ۾

33.޶֤

˱֪֪, ô̰, ̰ĻǾ㻹թҩҪ״εġ, ؾֳɸ֣ô, Ȼһżٻƭң
˱Ѹ侲
϶Ǳ˵Ҫݺ
ǿŭ˵ؾ֣ҽͣûƭ㡣Ǯ, qĳȥģԴŻ֤һ, Ǽ٣
ֻͷĬ˼룺ûƭң
ûУ
ã͹ؾֳ˵绰
ϣֽ˵ĶԻһֲ䡣
ȹ˱ֻѰ಻סô죬ϴ, Ǳݺˣ
ǲṵ̂, ʲô
˱һ֧̣¿Ȧܲ˵ûǮɣ
ǵǡϣ, ʣɺʮֻΪʲô˵ûյǮ
Ǳ߳⡣ؾֹ, ȥһ, Ǿ֪ˡ
ԹĲȻ͵ѧУ
ƿУ칫ҵţһۿ˱ڰ칫棬Ŷͷʲô
˽Ҳû̧ͷ
ĲȻҪкֺϣҲڣⲽ̣һصͷ
Ĳҽˣϣִк
ĲȻƲֵˣʵôˣʲô¶ˣ
ϣֿ˹˱һۣĲҽǰһ()ҩҩƷ֪ɣ
֪ôˣ
ϴԬʮǮ˹ҩ𣬿쵼ΪǼٵģ˵ϴ̰ۡթҪ׼
ĲȻһ˱ʲôʲô̰ۣô£
˱һ̣㲻õģ(qng)һᴦã
ĲȻüͷҲзݣҵôˣ
˱룬˵úϣְ()ҩǮԵʽкʮֻ˻֪ΪʲôʮֻǱ˵ûյ쵼̰ˡ
ĲȻʮֻᡱ˶ղǲ˵ʮֻ᣿
ԣôˣ
ͬһ()ϣĲȻò³Ѫ
İһˤϣ˱һһ٣
֪֪ʮ᳤ֻɽ
˵ʲôɽ˱𾪣վɴ۾
ԣĲȻš
ɽͬ˱ĲȻ˲ȼ
ϣֿ˱ɫ䣬ҲеЩͬѰ
ɽʲô˵(qng)˼
ϣָϽ˹ʵ˵ʲôأɽʲôʣ
㲻˱˾䡣
֪ҾԲʿ˱ǵͨ죬ִӣ쵼ĺʮֻᣬ޷š
㶼ˣ˵ЩʲôãĲȻü˵
ؼǸϻ쵰Ȼ˵ûյ
˵ûյûյһ֪˭˵ˡ
Ҳôģ˱磬ĲȻ˵ɽ()޻Ӧ벻һ㰡
һҲ벻סٴ󣬰ֵֽģ벻϶а
˱ˣؾֹ֪ˡ
ĲȻ ϣ
˱ͷ
͵̧ͷӣͬ
ͬһʱ䣬ؾֳźɫɣɣ۵糸нڹϡ
ֿ
˱һҧġ
ǣΪʲô߽һҧûյأ
ˣֻһ˽滰
˭ѣ
ԼԹ˱˽⣬ֱȻʱ£Ӧò(qng)Ϸ߽wͷǸÿϹ˶λӦҲ(qng)˵ѡ
ܴĿܾⷽ⡣
(qng)
һϰ࣬()ҩҵ³ԬҲԬɵĸףwҴİ칫ҡ
ԬɫſھǺԩؾ֣()ҩҵԩһҪЩطҵʹҵΪw˲ٹףôɣ˺ģ
ؾֳȰԬ³𼤶л˵
ûˮһѴӳй˱ģ޷죬ĿŵթҵǰһӣҶԬҩƷqӦ֪ɣ
ؾֳͷ֪һֳһȥ
ơΪϰ¡֪֪ҩƷֵʮ򡣿ǸСӳǮۿӲ˵͵ҩǹҩթǣ˵ǲǮĻýع⡣
ؾֳҲ˽⡣ûиǮ
ǵҩǺҩƾʲôԬ˵ϵ
()嶯һ£Ԭʣ
ɹ˱˵õǮֱӼĸ˺ʮֻᡣ
ѣҩûиǮǮĸʮֻ᣿
üԬ(r)
ֳȥʮֻһ£ǵûյǱǮ
ǹ˱ҵĻô£ӳóһŻݸԬ
Ԭ˹ǰ󷭿һϣָ˵϶Ǽٵģֻα̫ˡֳûпգҵĳֱȥʮֻʡ
룬¹ϵش󣬰ѻŽԬwеĺʮֻᡣŻһҧûյ˱ʾ
(r)˱ʾ
Ԭؾ֣ʵɶǰˮֲ()ҩһͱǷӳмίȥ
()ģԬ³ǾԲϢȵһ()ҩҵһ
Ԭ˱˵绰
ȻŹ˱ôͿ£֤֤ڣɲš
ֻǣ˱ĽͣҲǳе
˵λֱӽһ⳵
ԼĳɳȥˣżҲҵλĳ
һ·ϣ˼˭˵ѡ
߶Ҳ߶˵ʵ
յֻеȵqˡ
qwҲ100˵;ж·ôңһСʱǸϵq
ʮ·ڣλϴү˹˱Сѧľλá
ϴү(r)ĵĸǰнһ̵ƣ³ҹռ׾͵
Ҫ³·һСҲܵ
ûмԶ³ֱ߹ȥ
ߵڣȻоǰкӰһֻһźɫ˶ˣһ()ԾҸ¼ŵƤܡ
ӦѾܵβҪתˡ
һ£ߺ׷ˣ
ȻϤΣ߹հƣת۾ʧòӰ١
һߵСӣȴûССơƶǡ
һ׷ʹҲû׷ţ۵
Σֻ÷ǽ
Сûʲô¼񣬾Ǳ˾Ҳ׷鵽
ҪǣղǸ꣬Ǵñӵģûĳ࣬ݶûע⡣
ԼĿ㶵ֻڡ
ֻŹ˱ĻǺڰһˡ
ò״Ͽ˱˵绰ұˣ
ʲôֳûУ
ãǮˣǸ
ˣ˱ĲȻ
˶һ£룺
ʲôʲô
ԣԤıģûôɣ˭Ҳؾֳİ
Ҿؼڡ
ֳģȥ㣡
ʮӺ󣬹˱òһƫƧСҵ
һ·ϣ˱ʼ()˾ڳ޻
Ҳûף֪ô¡
˵()ҩҵ˹֤ݡ
Ҳ˵ǹ˱飬˰·(qng)޶֤
Уңϣǰܺ˲赹ˮĲȻرܵԱߵĽҵȺ
ӭӵĿ⣬˱վû
ô£ϣֳȥ۾Ź˱˵˱ҪҸ
ֳ֪˵ʲôҲš
һҲţ޻˵ٸ(to)֤ݶˣʮֻ()ҩҵָܻϣ㣬ֻʣºڰ˵þ棬Ҳ֤ס
ǣؾ֣һи취֤Լ ˱ᶨ˵
۾һվ׷ʣʲô취

34.·ת

ͷȷûб֤, ˱ƽ˵, ˵İ취, ȥ, ¼񣡡
۾һͷ, ȷǸ취
Ǿֳھȥ
á
ӣ˱, ȴ󺰡
ϣֺĲȻͬʱŹ˱
ĲȻü, ֵ, ˱Цŵͷ, Ժϣ˵
ߣҺؾȥǼУ
ϣּ(qng)ת, æͷǣã
˱ؾֳҸȥ
ؾֳҡҡͷץʱ䣬û, ·ȥɣ
ϣֵʱУһҵ̳Աߡ
˵ʱ, ֵ磬ϡϡ, ûмˡ
ϣеһڣһŰ׳, βŮ
, ǲǵ, ǰҾڣһŻ
β̧ͷϸۺϣ֣һǵãôˣ
ʣܵʱļ𣿡
Уβһڻؾ
ΪʲôУϣЩˡ
Ϊ֮ǰˮʱˮеļϵͳˡڻû޺أβһͷĻصͷת˵ԡ
⣬˱ϣקһߣӴڿβ裺滵ˣ
ˣһƭ㲻ɣβ費(qng)ԸشӵĻǰ̧ͷһʻǹ˱۾һҲϸŶ治ƭ㣬磬㻹бҪæ𣿡
ϣ룺ҲǸտأǰ̬Ȳôࡣ
ûлĸӡӣ˱׷ʡ
磬ڻֻеǼǡβ轫()泯˱¶Цݡ
鷳ѵǼǸҿ
û⣬Ұβڹ̨µһ﷭ַ
ȻӴڵݳһǼǱƣ磬
βָűӣxx(r)ϣֻʮԪкʮֻᡣ
˱һۼ¼󣬽ӵݸ
ɨ˼飬̧ͷ˱Ҵ㣬ίˣ
ֳܵίû¶ؼ֤Һͺϣ֣Ѵӵף
ǰڼҲûУ⿿¼ô֤ϣʹͷ˵
ʵڲУͱ˱˼룬˵ˣ뾯ЭֻҪ׶ΣͿԵʮֻĿǾ٣Ҳȥ
˱˵ţڵ⡣
ϵļ¼˱ļ
֪СӰ취ܱѶ࣡
ԱߵĺϣͶأӳ̫ˣż񰡣
˱ӵݸϣ֣(ƨp)ˣҪһ䣬ϿգǣȻؾߡ
ϣֶת˼¼˼գѱβ裬׷˳ȥ
βĿǸΰ()Ӱʧ⣬°ͣʧĿűдġѴӡ૵̫manˣôеĻŻŵĸо
ˣϽɡдţ˱ ǣ浽ʮֻᣬȥĹֱ
ãؾ֣㿴ʲôʱȥ˱ѯʡ
ȻԽԽáʺӿͷϣٲҪˣ
ǺãҾʹϵֱߣ
˱ˮվ˸绰
һʱ䣬Ϊָֺֺؽ£˱ûٸˮվվϺϵ
ϺϿɸҪȥwУԡͽ죬㣬īͷȾƣ
´һ¹˱СаϺˮվģʱҵӶ㾹Ȼ
˱ЦŽͣ˳ë¿˵ûٺȶСƣƽ
ϣֲؾ֣(qng)ûǶӳ˵ô򵥡֮ǰΪ˾ֵ£ӳҹϺüΣʵڲûӣӦˡϺǷѴӳ˼񣬿ӳƴƵġֽǣӳ˵Ժʲôûë
˵䣬һ˹
ڵϻһӡͣȣͿиСC˴ӳ
ʲô¶żæŵҪȥwУ
˱()Եһɲѽؾ֣ôҲ֪ͨң
ôģ£ҵ̣֪ͨһ£Ϻһۡ
ĸңؾ֣ϺڨڨЦš
㻹칬ˣ
˱廰ؾֺһȥwУ
˵Ǿֳó˵ʲôҲӡ
ˣϺҽأҪ㣬ܸҳ˭ϸܵǿҪǮ
ϺٺֱЦֳҲ֪qֻҪ±ͷˮⲻŶ౸ʩ𣿡
˱ת˻ˣϴĥӲݣߵĿʣİأ
˱ǾֳҪȥ
˵䣬˱˸绰ĲȻ
ĲȻģ
˱Ǹϳ׼ȥwУ
ĲȻˣ
˱ϳӣϹ
ĲȻǺãȱߣ(qng)ת
˱˵ʲô
ĲȻ·ڵң˵
ûãĲȻĦļҴҸϵˡ
˱ӭȥô£
¸˵Խ˱ĲȻֱ򸱼ʻλǰŵ
ĲȻóʾϺѳҡ
ؾ֣(qng)ˡڿԸʮֻǱߣһ绰ʣǮѾǵˡ
ʲô򿪳ţӳóɵ۹⣬ĲȻ
ȷǿЦ
ֳ绰ԡ
ĿƶɫƽŰɣ֮ͨǰĺʮֻĺ롣
ιãwкʮֻΪ񣡡ӵ绰ܻ
yˮֵģתǲҡ
õģתӹȥԵȣܻת˹ȥ
˼룬Ů𣺡ãҡ
yˮ
ؾãʲô£
һ飬֮ǰǸϣʮԪĻûеϣ
ˣؾ֡绰ͷ𵽡
ˣתͷĲȻֻԼ˵ͷ
֮ǰʱΪʲô˵ûˣ
ؾ֣治˼ˣһʵϰĻƵǼǵģдʱˡؾ֣㻹𣿡
ãûˣټ
˵绰еЩ˼飬ǲԼëˡ
⡭׼ѯĲȻֽӵһ绰
ֻһȻ()ҩҵ³Ԭģؾ֣ææ
ͳ֮ǰŵĿ
һ㶣ԬЭίԱƽ۸ڶ˴
ϻظڰ칫ңԼӵ۾
æʲô£³
ؾ֣д̧֣Ź()ҩҵɣ绰ͷǹϣùҩƷûİ
ɫ԰ɣ֮ǰ㵽Ұ칫ô˵ѽ㲻ܹһֱԩҪҸ˵һץأ
ؾ֣Ͳ÷ĵˡ¶ǻ˶ѡôģᣬԸ¾ʮԪҩƷǷµعұ֤ÿһжԲڣ
ոտᣬֿᣬôϰսͣؾֳΪѡ
ؾ֣УͷˣԴӣҩǼ飬ȻǰҰҩֻǱ˵»ҩ
˵Ԭ̫ɺޣһ(to)һ(to)ˣת
ǴסţִˣԷ˭Ҳ䲻ô
˴λڰԬѪ־һҩƷϰһ¡
˱ŪʮҲǳ˿ڶɣ
ȨĻصðɣε¶ΪֹǾͲ׷ˡȺȱҩ׼Ⱥʮֻٴξأ

35.Ů

, ʲôʱ
ؾֵĿǲ׷ˣԬϲ(jn)̱̬
ؾͬˣ͹ҪҪ, ܹ
Ͷ죡סǧùҩŪǣؾֳ˵һ䡣
ģô, 
ԬĻתˡ
, ϣ, Ϊ˱
ֳ, ()ҩ̫ɺޣǶӳڳʲôôŹ̫ˣ
˱ǳ˺ϣ֣ʲô죿õĽ취
ת(qng), ֳϳԶٷ
Ϻæǵ룡
ؾҡҡͷ˵ɣͷͷöһ, ҵȻȥ
ϺŴ򿪣ֳ㣡
ؾְڰ֣
ˣԼߡqѴ, ͺúϹ˱ѹɺðɣ
˵գŲԶĿվȥ
ؾߺ, ϺҲˣ˶ӣģؾ˵ģ()ɼ
ȥæ, æ, Ⱦƣ
ɵ˵㻰ҿɼסˣϺ򿪳ϳ, Աߵ˻˻֡
ճһ·ȥһҳ
ϣָų˵ϺʮˣСƵģ
˱˺ϣһۣ㻹Ц㲻Ҳûȵʱ򡣵žֳ棬ҲСеģ浱ԼأǷʰ
ӳҲ˵˵ҽʵôģ˿ң
˭˵ҲҺؾִȣű쵼ʰ㣡
ϣĬȻûٱ⡣
תͷƳĲȻƽӣĪ⡣
ǹ˱еʣ
ôúʮֻԬĿڵģ
ĲȻǰͷ
ܼ򵥣ΪҸΰ˸绰
ιǸΰ𣿡ĲȻֻͨѶ¼ΰĺ룬˳ȥ
û绰ͽͨˣ洫ΰ񿺷ܵĲҽôҴ绰ˣ
ô̫æûʱӣ绰Լ졣
ææЩܳΰ˵˵ţ洫˴ߴٳƵ
ԭƾ֮С
ĲȻһ˵м֪ͨһ¡
ʲô£˵ֻҪܰ쵽ģüͷԲһ£ΰ̧
𣿡ĲȻð˵Ļһֲˣϰ־Ҫڼˣ
˵ʲôһ£ҵӣ
ĲȻΰ()˵˾䡰м£桱Ȼ齫ͽнԶ
Ĳҽɱң⾿ô£
֣˱˹ҩʱ¼ࡣУϣȥwԬɽǢʱȫֻͷǿŵģҲѾ¼֤ϣԬɸǮȥлʱ˱ΪԷһҲ¼࣡
ĲȻһ˵꣬绰Ƕ˶ʱĬ
Ҳţΰ𣬿ȴԵõ㡣
ѡšˣ˸㣬ʮֻյĻִ˱Ҳˡ
ƮƮһ仰ѹΰһݡ
绰ͷΰܻĲҽΪʲôҪ˱
֣Ԭ֣ٲ֣е֤ݣǶύý塣û㣬ʱ֣Ҳˡ()ҩҵɨأϰɴñҪûʲôϵԵ绰û
㡭вң
˵һ飬ⲻв֪ͨ
͹˱ˣô
ˣſֽɣ
ǧ𣡡ΰŵͣĿ󣬡ã͸Ұ˵
ĲȻüë۾Ͷ()ȵĹâ
(qng)ȫڸ߽Ϻ꣬ԲԼյءȻϣ
ĲȻȫƵݽΪ(qng)ķչԤһģһ
ΰһʱҵ֣ĲȻ˵Ļԭⲻת˸߽
ӵָ߽ۣ棬ãŸΰ
˵Ǽ٣
ΰɥ˵а۵ģӦġ
߽ٴα۾˵
˵տƾһ˵ģع󣬶Ժʮֻ()ҩҵ˵ĴǸľ֣ǶĲҲֵöģ
Ȼ۾ƶԸΰ˵ƶԼ˵
УԬ绰Ŀڣ
ԬԴӺʮֻ(qng)á
Լ͸߽ıֱǡ޷졣
ǵ߽绰(qng)Ρ
߽ѴӼʮԪҪ̡
ԬӶҪ
߽̰ʵ֪ƽڣҲûȥ
ȻǼ٣Ǯ档
û߽Ժ֣һȥ˾˺øǡ
Ŀŵ̵Щţ
߸磬ô·ѴСץѱ𣿡
ƾץҰѱٶɣϵܣʵ˵qǸʲôегҵˡĨ¼׾ٵ¡ؾĻ߽ͣһ£һپУ
ԬΪʲô߽Ҷ̻
Ҳⳡϵӣ룬ЩԾ
ҪǱˣǺʮֻǲ(qng)ܲ𣿡
绰ͷ߽ЦЦ㾡ܷģҲ£ھˣ
Ԭﰵ߽ͨ죬ڰˡ
ԼټһҵͨͨСӳвԲ̡
˵ʱҧһڣһҩ¼й¶ȥӰ()ҩҵ
жأҲһ
Ԭ¶ģŸ߽ɣ
߸磬ȫģ˵ڸô
ȥؾǸ״϶ҹ˱ˣ
Ȼȥؾְ칫ӵ۾Ļ
󣬿ڵĸúƵģԬ֪ƻѾɹһ룬ǵȸ߽ĺϢˡ
((co)co)((co)co)͵Ԭӵ˸߽ĵ绰
ô߸磬˱ˣԬϲ̵ʡ
߽һ仰ȴһˮ͸
ƻб䣬ͷйؼ֤ݡ
߽ΰԼļ򵥸һ顣
Ԭˣǿô죿
ֱӸؾֵǸ˵Ҫ׷Ӿס죡
ʲô׷ӾԬ಻ס
Ҫ()ҩҵ군ӵ㻨Ǯʲô͵ô߽Ҳ
Ԭѹ
ҲǵСǮʲ
߽۾ӱǿһ
Ϊ£ͷһ()δɵСһҿţ߹·Ҫ࣡ԺеǻŪαһʱ֮
Ԭ룬ȷֻôݺѪ̡
һ(qng)һЦȥ绰
µ绰Ԭ¶֮ɫ
˱ţû꣬׼ӭҵıɣ
ʱqĹ˱һЦĿĲȻ
ԱߵĺϣĴָ̾ѣĲҽ̫ˣôҲ뵽һһ䣬õ仨ˮͽʲôţԣѪУ
˱ЦŶԺϣ˵
ͷһ(ƨp)ĵôã
ϴҿɰ⵱ˣǲǵе㽱ϣЦ
һš˱˵ţ̧źϣ(ƨp)ɾһš
ϣӳϣ(ƨp)ɡ
ٷϻϿȥɻ
Ϣҵȸߴһϣֻش
ĲȻ͹˱ں棬ߣʱʱһ¡
ο
û뵽ɣҲֻ㻳ǸСӡ
Ҳҵǻۺ㣡
˱˱(qng)ɣȺ߽ѧУ
Ѵһ㶣žΧࣺ
ӳôˣ
ӣʲô(qng)
û֤ݣôԸǺҩ
ϣֻӻ֣ǽȥȿˮŵģ
ȹ˱ǽ£˶˲ˮꡣ
һ()ԲʷɫЬ첻ĲȻ˲١
ȸ˱ϲˮ¶һСѣȽʣ
ţллˣ˱ӹһ
ĩʵĲҽҲһ
ꡰšһϽĲȻˮ
Ĳҽ⼸죬ҲǷѴˣ
ĲȻһۣûжҲû
û⣬תͷϣ֣ӣ˵˵ô£
ϣָָǰĲ豭һۣˮϡ
⻹࣬ϣֵĶˮһڣĨĨ죬Ĳҽ׳֤ݣѸ߽СӸˡԬɾʹ˵绰ʲôʮ᳤ֻʩѹ
ţ㵸ɫӲǽĲȻĶԻһǶµĻ硣
еĶԱŴ죬һŷӦ̫ˣĲҽŮ𰡣
СֵȶԱ׷תĲȻĲҽ̫ллˣǽǹ˶ӳһ⣬ҲǷѴӵһⰡ
ڷѴӴôãҲܵҲչˣĲȻЦЦô죬ѰԼѴӵһԱˣ һ˲˵һ˶ӣ˵أ
˱һ㶣æ˵ԣһˣӦõģ
תԱе𣿾Ϳͷ˵ллҳͷǳСͷسǺĲҽԴͣ
Ա˱Ļʱһ󻶺濪ʼ(r)
˱˫һѹĶ̰
˵͹ͣɻǿɲܸ͵
ӳİɣǻеģ
˸Ÿ͡
(r)֮ʣϣ͵͵귢Ϣ
ʲô£ӣҪ˵
ϣֳŬŬ죺Ĳҽ
ܺðǳǡ
ôģҸ˵ɵСˣĴˣСıȥʱ˵û㡣
ˣЦЦûдǻ(qng)ЩΪȻ

36.Ƭ

ϣֽ˼, ĬΪˣæο
ʵҲкܴơƯ, ()ֺ, ҪģһֱǶӳ()ߡĲҽ, ʼҪȥģ
ðο, û¡һֱû뿪̸ЦĹ˱ĲȻ
û£ϣִյǰ, ϸ, ĩ˻ֻ˻Ρ
, ˵, ǽȥɣѺϣֵ, ת()˽ȥ
(qng), ӾȻ⣿
ѵڲϲϴ
ԼĲȻ׼
ϣ͸Ҵصλ˱һ, ЦĻһ䡣
ᣬӲ
ϴĸ(qng), üˡ
˵ϴû˵ĲȻѡ
ǾǾа취Ը(qng)ˣ
ϣ̾, ԼЩϹ((co)co)ˡ
ǣֲ޷԰Ρ
˵, С, Ҳ¡
ʱӽβ, ˱׼һ
ϣֻæ֣
ȥˡ׼㣬쿪ʼҪͶ뵽ѴԤ
ϣһæ˵⹤ɲɣ
Ҫͷأ쿪ʼһ飬һ飬Ϳʼɣ
˱ŵͼʼǦڵͼϼ򵥱껭
ĲȻʱһӳ˾ˣ᲻뿪
Ź˱רע(qng)ΧԱʱ׳ǣĲȻ֪˱ܽסѱķѴԱĹ˱죬ڳγɵ˸
(r)˱Žţͷϸܵĺ顣
Ӵ͸ںϣɢ()âӨ͸
ĲȻһʱЩˡ
ãͽ⣬һʲôʣ
ûУ
ɢᣡ
հţҿʼ׼ͼʡ
˱ʱĲȻڽҲߣѵ
ʱûʲô£ȻȥЪϢɣٽ㣡
ĲȻҡҡͷһǸŰɣһõҲû˼
Уͷæ㣬ԼŰɣ
˵ճŲֿȥ
ĲȻ˱ָһȺˣֿĸ˳
ˣĺͼĽϸµļ飬
Щͨٹûã˱͹ϽˮĨ
վʮ⣬ĶֱĲȻıꡣ
ĲȻֻüͷ
ǰ۲֯걾ǽŸֵζ⻹ҪĴ̱ǣ(ͦͦ)˹
ĲȻʼѴӹ£ġ
зѴԱȥȰĲҽòŰæ֣
ĲȻûࡣ
˱ǰеģ
ôүǣõһŮմ֣һ߿žУ
ĲȻһ˦ͷ˻Щֲۣ
˱ûޣɵ˵Ը͸ɰɡ
ӳ˱һԵĶԱеЦеĻҧ˶䡣
˱һۣʲôúøǵĻ
ָֻƽ
æµһ죬ҳԵø㡣
˲˵
ĲȻûʲôθڣһСͷ˿ӡ
˱û
󣬷Ѵ٩ɽ٩ɽ˿˵Ĵ˿ˡ
ĲȻ((co)co)һᣬ˱ڵУҵƻͨ룬˹ȥ
⣬ŵζ
ǹ˱ԼС
Ҳѹ֣׳øͷţƵģʳҲСһ죬
ĲȻԼͼƬϼţ֫׳()ëҰ()
˱ټĵ()ëΧĵطΪïʢ
ǿݷ()˵ţҲΪ
ƿţȻ˱øæòֺ
ãһȥأ˱ͷһۣһ£üë
ң
ҿûԶ٣Ƿ˲ϿڣҸ棬ʡðҹš
˱˵ʮƽͣĲȻȴӴĳȡ
СʱԼƢθãԶèʳƵġ
ڳ͵ʱûθڣݲݳԼڷ¡
һϣȴֶû()ð
ϴ˯֮͵͵ﵽһ͡ͺĵϡ
ȻٽԼ͵͵ڽʹĳ
ȻͷǸԼ
żܷһҲ׵ĲȻΪõʳ
ͬȪһ·˱̧̳ͷ˾䣺
ඣټӵϣ
˵ּ꣬͡͡´ס
̵˱ʢƵĲȻǰ
ĲȻûã˼ӡ
Ȼ滹ļ
ôˣûԼƫá
оӷᣬһ¡
ôζԣ˱ĲȻĿͣԼϽһӳһڣа
ĲȻѹһС
Уȴǧζ
ȫ꣬ĲȻԼ()̹
һůĸоʶ
ٸ伢ҹŰһ
Ǻҹ(r)ⱲҲļ䡣
óԣĲȻԾ˵䡣
óԣ˱ظһ飬ĲȻ
ĲȻصĵ˵ͷ
ٸ㣿˱ֻһ׵Ĵ룬һûС
ԱˣĲȻ΢΢һЦôۣù˱Щ㱡
Ъʰһ¡Ͻʰ꣬ٿĲȻ
ΪΣ˱һ䣺
ôŷѴӣоô
ۣǺܳʵ
ĲȻŹ˱ĲӰ˵ʵǻǺģܼ治ף
˱ϴϴ֣ĲȻ棺
мһֱ㣡
ʲô
뿪ҽԺôãǣû𣿡
ľͷʳˡ
֪йİΪֺеҵ񰡣
ɵϣⲻΪ
ȴƽڱҽԺְͣˣżȥ
˱üëһ壺ְͣ
֮ǰҽԺֵʱ˸ˣҾܾ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ̨ϣǲȻЩģɻҲʶɽĲȻἰ֣սȭͷֳ
˱ĲȻصһŭý(qng)
ȻһڼߡڵİΧȴȻ壬ǸֵҾȣѿڶ
һ֪Ů˶()ӻܴ
ôҲû뵽ӣǸСϲСӡ
ˣҲˡ
뵽⣬˱Եá
ķƺȴȻ䵭
ԺͲܰ㵲һ粨
ĲȻʮ־ȣ̧ͷ˱ô֪
˱ЦЦ˸ҵġһ֪ĸܺá
˱ܹԼ(qng)Լļͥ˽ô
˵ûĸҵȷܺáƯ·óԵʳҽѧԺĲȻ
Ź˱䡢һֲԼ˵ǲزסĹģûɸеİ()
ЩƣɳĮﴩеļįˣ˺ܾúܾá
ǰ˾ƬޣԸ⽫ʮĸжúϢһ
ǣĲȻŲ˱()ߣֱſ˱ϡ
˱()һҪƿ
ɿĲȻµӣҲ᲻ƿ
ƣϤ
ֹء
Щڹ¶԰ʱ(r)ӾϲСèһſſķϡ
ĲȻ˸λã˵
ҵԴңְְʮľޱĴڸҡ˵ĲҵҽˡİҵŮһ
̨ܾȷΥҽְҵ£ĲȻԼҽѧԺʱµԡϵ()С
ǣ˾ǴˣҰּʹԺҲܰӣ
ɵʱҲڡ룬ٸһѡһôô˵ˣҾǲȣ
ĲȻĻ˱ɵĲȻͷͷ
Ȼ俴׵˫ʯ䣬תǸҹ
ʱɫã()ϵĲȻôҲ˯ţ˱Ź¶Ժ¥Ĵڣޱ߼ʵ졣
ţ˱ĲȻͷӣ֪֪˫
ĲȻһ㶣գգ۾֪ʲô
˱أ轲һᣬܲҪ
ĲȻͷʣʲô
˱룬͵Ǿ󣬲
ĲȻͷҡ˹ģҲŲأ
ԺĻô˱׳һ⡣
ԵĻƾʲôҪĲȻһ󣬷߷ߵ˵
ǿԼ϶¾Э
䴥ͷĲ֣˱ĿſԼ()ϵĲȻۿе㳱ʪ
ĲȻŹ˱ĸ(qng)Ҳƽ˲١
⼸ǶܣŴôѵ(qng)£˵ЦںˮУ˱ŷôǿҵ**ҲҾãʵûйȥĿ
ҲٰѲ˵Ķ󣬶ǻѪ()ˣ⣬ҲջɣĲȻԽԽͣѵõ(qng)У˯ȥ
˱ڵƹӳ£ͬʱ̵ĵûж

37.

ãĲȻ
˱֪, ⼸϶ҲԼ, ûϢá
һ, Ȼ˯÷
˱ỽһӡ, ûлӦ֪Ѿ˯ˡ
СĽĲȻͷֱ̧˳Ʒڱ
ֱ§ס, һѽ
С£ȴ̲ôޱȾ޴
ʱľǿѾΪ, ˭Ҳܶҡֺ
ô꣬Ҳ֪Ӿʲô
˯еĲȻȻ, ڹ˱ĻǺЦ
˱ĲȻķ()ϣЬ, ָ˱һ̺ӡ
(), ÿڵĲȻǰļͷá
ĲȻ촽һ䡣
˱촽ս, Ҫȥ, ͣס, תѵˮ
УҲ, һ()һŰ칫, ûеطˡ
˱ĲȻôȥҸطպһ
˸ľ棬ǽһ߿ҹգһߵ̡
׼ô
˳ŴƮԶ
˱ĵ˼Ҳ̣Ʈ첻֪Զ
˺ҹĲȻת()ʱ˹
۾ԼȻ()ϡ
Ťͷһߴ()Ӱпǽϡ
û˯ôԼ
ĲȻûнй˱ǳճյĿš
еơ
ƵĵƹӴѰڹ˱ӣ͸ϣӢ۰ļӰ
յ۽ޱȡ
СɫļڵƹֳĹ
̵ֹǽ޳ֳ()С
ĲȻգգ۾ĲӰ黯
󣬾ʣҧ΢ʪ죬ԽԽ
ƺ촽µɫ磬ÿһһ
ĲȻĴͣãУԼ()ƮԼȥ()ӡ
ȻԼƬ촽˵ȵ졣
ôճһֱʱĵľͷ
˱һ֧̣ͷڵϣͷ׼Ьףо˫۾Լ
Ťͷһֻ()ϵĲȻ()
˱Ͻ()ߵĲȻǰüͷôˣ
ĲȻγѣϽôأ
꣬һ˿Ķ
˱صùңǰڲҰӪʱ򣬾ô˯ϰˡ
ĲȻ()˵㻹˯()ϰɣһõ꣡Ҫ()()
˱һôͱˡо˼()̺ȥڵĽ˯
ĲȻش𣬴()ͷõһ̺Ӿߡ
ŵʱ򻹶һ䣺ˮƿˮõģ˾ͺȣ
˵ͽŴϣͷҲصľˡ
ʵĲȻо仰˼ڣԺһ˯
ȹ˱뿪ЩڣӦ˵
Ҳ֪˻ʲôӦ
()̺ﴫ()Ϻŵ̲ζĲȻȻЩ˷˺ܾò˯⡣
Ժ֮䣬ĲȻμ˱Լ֣ͬһƥɫһ͵Ĳݵϣؼ(())˻Ц
ĲȻǱһѵġ
ƿһ˱һˣ((co)co)(r)ĸ
ĲȻˮԺ󣬾ͳš
룬ûֱӳ((co)co)ȥƵȣ׼ֱӴӽͷȥ((co)co)
СһߣƼĲȻ죺
Ĳҽôô͹ˣ
ĲȻЦЦûлػСһ((co)co)ȥ
˱һƼĲȻ˹Ϣû
ĲȻͷʵǾ׼𣿡
ԣѴԤʽʼˣҵȥϵķѴָӲᣬƻ͵ôȥĺˡ׼ʡ
˵䣬ϣ˹ǳĲȻЦЦĲҽ磡
Ȼת()Թ˱˵ѾѴվϵˣϾɹ
˱ԸҵȥᣬŴټģ֪ͨʱ׼
İɣģϣӦ
ٺ󻰣Ҫ©ӣСʰ㣡
ʱ˱ֻˣָӲĵ绰
˱ãϾ͵
˺ϣּ䣬ĲȻһۣ()ֹǼҴȥˡ
ĲȻʼŷѴӸ
ϣȰ˼ΣĲȻÿɷҲûȰ
ãˮվɳĳ͹ˡ
վϺ͹ġ
³ϺŴɤ£˱أ
ϣӭȥǶӳȥˣ
ĳģɶվõģǶӳǷһ(qng)
ϣɨһ۳ϵģϺôСΪ˹
ϺһۣСУھͽȥ
ϣָϽסһ̵֧ݸϺЦ𣬺壬㿪Цģ
廹࣬Ժôˣ
Ϻӹ̣ڶ棬תͷĲȻ
Ĳҽôүǻһ𣿡
ĲȻЦϰˣ
Ϻһ㶣ӦζЦŶĲȻ˵
˱(ͦͦ)үǣֵģأĲҽ۹ⲻ
ϣһѽϺϱ̸
Ϻ˵ʲôĲҽæģ
ôֽϺˣСӣʹģϽһлƺ¥Ϻ§סϣ֣ʼŵһ̡
ֵˣĲȻת()æȥˡ
ã˱͸ϣִ绰
ڸϽߴһģǰ򶫵̵꼯ϣǵǣ
ӳȥģ
ȥh塣(qng)ȵϵʱٽ
˵绰ϣҵĲȻ
ĲҽǵĹ࣬ͲøˡҺͶӳٴ绰㣡
ĲȻҡҡͷҼȻӦǷѴһ𣬾Ͳᵥ뿪ʲôҶ롣
ǡ
ĲȻڰ֣ȰˣǶӳȰҲҪȥ
ǡðɣȥߴװˣϣֻá
׼ʮֳ֣ĲʮӾȫװˡ
̨ܹһˣػ
Ҳ˳ÿ˴к
ĲȻҲڳϣһ£ʵĲҽôҲˣ
ĲȻʣôҲ𣿡
ЦЦأۡ
ĲȻصһչ˺Լõġ
ãͿ̵ſڡ
֮ǰİţ˷׷׶˳
˱ĲȻӳסôҲˣ
תϣ֣֮ǰҲǸ˵ͲҪĲҽ𣿡
ϣεʼ磺ӲҪʲô취
ĲȻǰ㲻ҪԼҪġ
˱ü֣⼸Ҫq򼰸ܵˣ
ĲȻ˿⣺ôܲˣ
˱ȰǶǴүǸɵĻһŮģʲô(r)֣
ҲǷѴһԱҲҪȥ
㡭˱۾֪˵ʲôá
˱ֻĬʵ
ߺһ
ȻԱǼҪص˵һ䣺
Աֹ˵Ĳ䣬ϳ
hqжʮ̸Ц䣬Ӿ͵ˡ
³󣬹˱Ը鳤ֳֻúãŵ20ʱ
˺Ȼף
һλ֮µĺ
˱Уֳ飬ѸٵԤ򣡡
Ƿ飬ף
ȻϷӡź죬һʩҵˡ
˽ѹˮüཬڹϷúãȻʼ𽺽ڹܡ
ʼӵˮӦѹˮ
˱ֺཬλ׼ࡣ
ཬѹôˮǹϴγ̶ȻѸٱཬó͵
ͨ͵ཬϡ
˱Сּˣڳؼ飬ܵ״(qng)ཬĳ(qng)
ĲȻ֪֮ǰ˱˵ô¡
ڳÿ˶æµޱȣи
ʱҪȥ۲ཬ(qng)()ճཬӡ
һᣬڳҵˣ·ϡϡͷ϶ճཬȥһ

38.÷

ĲȻȴ˿ûоúЦ, (qng)ȻһЩ򵥵ġ
ʱ, ڶԽд󺰣ԶгʻԱעգ
׷ֹͣҵ, Զ뺭, Ұ֮
г¡¡, ֺ¡¡ȥ
˼Ц, ˳̣Ͷ뵽ŵĹȥ
ʱ, ̫ĵĻ(r)(qng), øɻ˼˿¯ϵϡ
жԱͲסѵ¹Űӡ
˱Ҳѵ¶һ()()
жԱޣӳǶӳ, ()ĺõû˵
жԱĽǶӳϴжԵھˡ
еĹ⺰Ůͬڳ, ӳôĺ𣿡
ĲȻа룺õúܣֿԹһ۸ˡ
˱Ц, 벻緹ˣϽĻ
̧ͷԱߵĲȻЦЦһ, ɱ⣡
Ȱȥɣ(r)ͷ̫
ĲȻûм, ˹˱ĻС
ܲΪܣԼΪ˰ɣ
Ϣ֮࣬Ŀ, Ͷ˳иɻĹ˱
, ͬһƥԱ, Ұʧţ˴ش
֮ȼɻļ(qng)ԱǶ໽Уͬ˼һ㡣
Ա˱ǵ䣬ǵ֧׵˻ҪҪ
ҪĥѣγĬϵ
ĲȻɵЩԼİˡ
һһζ
Ҳòˡ
˱ŶԽȫչ
ֻĴ׷ޡȻһȺ()ĺӣлų֡
еˮ򵥳ϴһ£еֱƿˮ˹һ
ĲȻûз()Ӱºϣ֣˵ϴʲô
뿪һʱ䣬ϢˣʼһûһĿЦ
˵ôûؼң뺢˰ɣ
Ļ뺢ӣ뺢ɣ
ģܱŹһ߲ǿɣ
cao´μɩӣô˵СĹˮ£
ҽˮôˣȥ£
٣컹(ͦͦ)Ӳҹˮ㺰ƺ˭Ű
СҲ廰ǹ⿴ˮˣûСϱ걻Ѱɣ
ӿ콲ʲôʱ¶
ҷвУǧɩϹ˵֪ˣðƤˣ

ϣּĲȻĬȻչ˵ĲҽүǾһû¾(i)ƶӡǧϣ
ĲȻ̸ЦĶԱ⣬ǹѹô󣬳Ҳżˣ
ʱˣһ̶ˮ
ۼĿˣ
öȺһڣ
һ()Ӵӳȵģûݰ
Ǹ߸ԱҲգЦҴˣɩӣǵǧӳ߷磬˵һ
һ죬˸߸һִǲǣ˵û˰㵱ưͣ
û߸Ź˱ȥݵǰ˰ɣ
ʣȺȰɣ˱ίܾˡ
ûзȻٺ(r)ģȵɣ
˱ʧᶨ
˱ûκΣֻöԼһڡ
պ꣬Ա߾жԱ壺
ӳúȲ
ĲҽҲˣ
ܲˣȥˣ
˱ݺݵһۣȻ󽫺ϣֺ:
ǾӶǴҵһ⣬ţÿ˶һڣ
ϣֿһе޴꣬˵
ӳǾӵģǺȲʰɣ
˱վˮϣ֣
ô£þãѲһι
ϣֻý˹
ĲȻ߹̬ĶԺϣ˵
ĺǲܹˡӦӳ٣һڣ
ˮﵹһںˣֳ꣺ллˮ𣡼ӱ˰ɣ
εЦЦĲϲȣҿ԰Ҫ㡣
ĲȻһüҲʣǲ빼⡣ԶùҪǲȸо̫á
תϣ˵ӣ˵԰ɣ
ʣºϣ֪ʲôá
ҺǱߵĿ˺ϣֵΧ
Ҷ˸߲ҵĳȥ
緹ǲźζأټϷѴһ˶ˣһʱ̻ʵ
зģֱӸ׷ЦơͰ
󣬹˱ֲ²
ϢСʱȻ󽫹β飬ûбĺ衣ĳʱ
˱껰˾һɢ()Ϣȥˡ
һôҵĲȻɱĿ񣬶ʣ
ô۲ۣ
ĲȻ۾Ҿ͸һۡ
˱ʵҲô(r)ҪʵܲˣͻȥϢɣٹµʱٽ㣡
ĲȻһҲû˼ǳ
˱Уһæչ˲㡣Լչ˺Լɣ
û˵䣬ϣ־ʹ˹
ϴһ¡
£
š
ĲȻ˱ͷȥæģùҡ
˱վźϣû߼ת()һ䣺ǿ
ĲȻƳһ۱ĺϣ֣֪ˣ
գ۰Сʱ͹ȥˡ
Ѵˮϴϴ־ӵͶ뵽ĹС
һЩཬߣhĺ濣ͨˡ
ļϴˢϴˢ͵ȥͣڵָϸһص㡣
շֹ˱һ飬ϣִһ飬ִһ顣
ųߡ
հţ˱ҲĲȻųߡ
ĲȻԸ⣬ס
Ź˱һ顣
˼ء
˱˱ǣ˼ǿֱøѹˮǹͨ
Ǻϣַи͹ܵˣht彻紦
˱һúܽȸ˹ȥ
ϣһжԱĲȻ粽ĸţ֮ǰι졣
Ź˱ǰȥ鿴ܵ(qng)ĲȻЦſЦ
ĲҽôǲǿǶӳأ
˸͵϶ǣҪôҪ·ºˣӳСĻᶼûˣ
ϣֱ£˵ʲôŵĲҽΪǾȺå
תĲȻˣӳڣûŵģǧ⡣ЩүǳǿȽѵգŮӾһƽûʱȥŮѣˣǾ̲ס˵˵ƻ
ղ˵ĶԱվסˣæǸĲҽҲǹģǿЦ
ĲȻЦЦҽǵС˼֪ܲûϵġ
ָֻԭõĿЦ
˱ԱǳԼЦñζɻʣ˵ʲôأ
ǷĶԱصӳ˵Ժ빴Сϱûˣ
ϣָϽͣûʲôӳǴ˸ЦѴҶģ
˱ĲȻһۣͷЦָˣ
ʲôСϱ߰ġû½ġһڶϷˣ
ĳҲϵˣ˱ŴңͶ뵽ŵٹС
̫ɽʱ򣬷ѴӶ۵ɢˡ
ƣòٿЦҧ֡
ڣ˱ʰģأ
콵лӶԽд˹
˳˻˹ֿʼ˵Ц
ٲ˻ǺܳĬ
Ͼһ죬뿪ڡ
ǰҳ˻ƵˣĲȻóԵģ
·ʱ˵Ҫ㶫ǰȥˡ
ʱ⽻ҪŷѴһԡ
ôѴӶĲҽ˺ܴĺøС
Ưǳ¡
ؼǣûһЩ˾Ӹµĳëܹǵϲŭ֣Լ˷ѴӵһԱ
ʹĲȻ˵ҲԾΪһݷˡ

39.Ů

ĲȻϵİ±ꡣ
ʱƳ, Ѿȫˡ
˵, ̨һͷ, ׹˫°͵ˣŶ, һûһŲӬĴš
ĲȻһ۹̨ŵʳ˫°ͣϰ壬Щʳ
˫°Ļش𣺡Щѡİ
治
̨ЩǽġһЩ, Ҫ𣿡
ʲʣ
㳢һ, , ȫ㡣˫°˵, ׽һС, ݸĲȻ
ζ
ĲȻһ£˵ͷ, ȻָŹ̨ʳ
Ҫʮｴţ()ѼӺѼȣ, , ЩǼܣ
˫°;Ҫɵ°ͣŮ, Ҳ̫ܳ˰ɣ
ĲȻһۣʮˣô࣬׵ġ
˫°ͻָƽԭǼҲǸͥ
ôװ, һ, ĲȻû
, ɴԱߵʳӵЩ̲, ʮͲû±ꡣ
ˣٳʱĲȻ˫°ͣ
ȷǴͥǶǷѴӵģ
ô˵ǷѴӾϲˡ͸ҸɱۣԭǮһУ˫°ͺ
ôСϾ⣡ĲȻͬ⡣
˫°ͻ˲ǮĲȻֻ˵лл
˫°ͻĲȻֳ
쵽ѧУʱĲȻ˱˸绰
˳һ£õ㶫
ֱ粻𣿻Ҫɽ˱ΪĲȻƷЩԹ
þУĲȻûнͣһϲ
ãúϣֺС˱ֻúϣִСȥſڽĲȻ
ӹĲȻݹĶϣ͵ᣬϷŹ⣺
Ĳҽʳɣô࣡
ĲȻЦЦ(ͦͦ)飬ǸǴģ
ԱߵС˷ֱܵУ
̫ˣ˯ͷŽûʲôòˣͷĲҽ͸óԵġ
ˣȥɣĲȻߴһ¡
ʳ˷Ѵǰʱը˹
ֱۣʰ()˺üˣ
Ժúôˣ
㣬صľù
Ĳҽ̫˼ˣ
Ĳҽǽˣ
һȺү㵸ǹڰˣ˷֮(qng)Ա
ЩĲȻ֮С
ֶ̣̣ο֮ǰͷѴӵ˶ദúܺá
û뵽Ҳ˹һʽ΢Ц
Ĳ㣬ܵллôóԵģҸƻʳ
ĿٲȻԼɷѴӵķˡ
ǷѴӵֵ⼸̫ˣԵ()һĲȻ꣬ǿ¡ǡ
ɫû˿仯Ҫ˵ʲô˱˹
ԻźóԵľ߲ˣܲǫõ㡣
жԱ߿ࣺӳվ˵ۡһ죬ⶼǰ()ˡ
˱ûϢҹԷҲûԹ
ӳͲࡣǿûȣ
һЦŭ֮˻ϲĿʼ˷ʢ͡
˱ڿǰ˵˼䣺ȷǱȽࡣУⶼġǵøлĲҽ۵ʱ򣬻ջһٷʢ͡ٲúôԵĲҽһ⣿
˵ϣѴ˶׷ױ̬һŽڹ˱Χټ**
ĲȻǳΪ͵ǣַ˱ʾл֮(qng)ĲȻЩ˼
ĲȻ׼룬˲
;УмѷĽңĲȻһһŮĶԻ
ŮˣѴӳԼǾֻˡ
ں˭˵
ĲȻͣס˽Ųվڴڡ
Ǻϣֺꡣ
ĲȻֹѹָղųʱû(qng)ˡ
Ѳˣ
ĲȻûǽϰߣ׼뿪ʱȻӴƮһ仰
Ĳҽˣô޶԰
Ǻϣֵ
ôᵽԼ
ĲȻĽţ˻
ʲô޶ԣʡ
װɵɵ⼸Ĳҽϴ˶ϴˣǽ죬ʳ˵Ϊϴо仰ʲôţԣ֮ⲻھ!ϣԵʮּ꣬˵Ҳ

Ϊʲôô˵ѵ㲻ϲϴˣ
ӣ𼱡˵֮ǰĲҽ𣿡
ǵûС
ⲻͽˡ֮£ͷһͷ(r)
ʲôݣϣüͷЩ벻ͨ
ֻĽͣ
ǰǲ˵ĲҽǳˣչҪصȥ
ţȻأ
ϱ񱱴ˣĸŮ˲ġϲŮƶŵˡŮ(i)Ľ̫ˡĲҽȻ㣬Ͼͱһ·ˣн

򵥵˵ͱ֮ûи(qng)޷ǾǾ뱻Ȳϵ
˵ˣҹ۲˺öΣʼձĲҽľ룬Ҳ(r)Ů֮(qng)Ǹжء
ҿϴҲ(ͦͦ)Ĳҽģû»ȥأϣֲ廰
㿴㼱ǲǣҰѻ˵꣡
Ҳǲ֪Ǹ(qng)ˡοĲҽξ˱ǷѴô(qng)ˮ֮ӿȪ౨أһ²Ǻ𣿡
ϣִͷôһ˵ô¡Ǵûӳ˵ϲĲҽĻ
ͱõøһƵģҪĲҽ˼ø㡣˵ˣĲҽ(ͦͦ)ǿƵģһõļͥ()߳ġôãǴҽ׷˿϶Ҳ١ļͥ()ķͱһ·ˡϱðˣʤһһٲö֮Ȼû£ҲͻᶪصϤĻ
ĲȻЦ
ȻԼͰ֮ĸ(qng)
ѹԼεƣ궼Цӭһӡ
(qng)ǰԼ˻ġḡŮˡ
ѹûԼ(qng)С
ɺ޹˱ľͷԼεİʾǲ˵Ĺϵ
¿ɺãȻƲˡ
УһҪ((Ʊ))ǵĹϵ
뵽⣬ĲȻûȥ۷ȥҹ˱
ö⣬ɢϯֱӸŹ˱Уҡ
ʱ۲͵Ĵſվһˣ˱ĲȻֱӰѻˣ
̫ˣѾҺóڸСָϿȥɣ
Ŀ֮£ĲȻʵû˵ҾͲߣסǶӳǡ֮Ļ
ˣ˵
ŲʣŭĲȻصԼ硣
ڵ㣬ô£ȻһĺãȴʼղԸҸһ
ѵ˵֮ж(qng)
ûаŮ֮ֻ(qng)ݶѡ
ڶҺãֻΪӣľˡ
ô岻ǵĸ(qng)и
£ĲȻʧˡ
ڶ(r)ʱ˱üͷôɺȦˣûϢã
ĲȻ˯ķôֻڶ֨֨Уúܡ
ϣִչôɣסķҲ󣬲˯úʵûܶӰ졣
˱¾ʱҩ
ĲȻû
˱˵(r)ҵݣj麭ܣ˳´ˮԤϵͳмޡ
һ(r)ĲȻĬ˺ܶ࣬ûô͹˱˵
˱Ҳû̫ϣΪ(r)µġ
ȫҵȽ˳Բ(r)ˮεˡ
ĲȻָ£˽̧£Ȼˮ()塣
ͬʱʵˮ˽ҩƷ
ûã˾ѹĲȻʾл⡣
ϢʱĲȻѧ꣬ҲӴ˵̶ˮ˸˱ȣ()Ծ뿴ķӦ
Ȼͬ˵û£˷ˣ˵ĲȻϾǿˣպá
۵һܿȥ
صѧУǷǵ㣬˷
ѴطϢˡ
ĲȻװ£һ·Ź˱صУңŸˡ
˱ĲȻľٶü
Ÿʲô
ĲȻת()Ŀò˵һ䣺
ľô(qng)
˱ͫȻһ£ͷת()Ƶ칫棬Ӷ̣һ֧⡣
˰Σ˵ȥ¾ȥɡϳڹȥʲô壿
壡ĲȻЩһУ壡
˵꣬˹Ӻ§ס˹˱

40.ֽ

˱()һ, ҪǰŮƿ
ĲȻͷ˱(), ˵
, 㲻ὫĶԲԣ
˱ͣڰ, ãĲȻĺϣḧ
ܵ˱()ı仯, ĲȻгϣ
ż⣬͵ҧס˱촽
΢, е̲ζ
ûκεֿ, ͷֱ룬˳ռء
˱΢һ, ſʼ(r)ҵĻӦ
ĲȻ˳ƽ()ڹ˱(r)(), Ƴ, ˫ִӹ˱»ȥ, Ĳλ, ϸϸ
ʵԲе(), ϸϸë
˱ҲԽԽԵ, ĲȻоĿһա
˱Ǳ, ()ӵȥ
ĲȻ˳ƿڹ˱(), оӲڡ
˱ͨ, ۲
(r)ҵĳǺ, ĲȻ˫§ס˱Ĳ, ͷ˶Ķͷ, ˵
ȥ˵ʶϵͬһ㣬òã
˱۾ûлػûпĲȻ
Լϵ˫һƿվ
ĲȻץס˱ȴ˸գʣ
ô£˵仰
˱ĲȻ
̫ˣȥ
ĲȻһ³ѵ˵˱ԼûŮ֮(qng)
ֻԼ֮ǰԼֻ֮(qng)ʵϲģꣿ
ɸղǣǰ㱥(qng)
ĲȻģת˱ǰٴνȥ뷢ڶֽ
һӭһ֮䣬ֻȻ˵ľ
ĲȻֻõͷӶͳֻ
ʾдġĲ硱֡
ȻѾqˣϲģǸ
ôھ͹ˣĲȻŹ˱ֻ˵
Ϲôںˣڿ()޷ģ
ңûá
ҵĺãⶼµˣ
ĲȻ֪ƽ֣ûûΣȴôҲ벻˳ף˫־Ͷ
ֻʱŹ˱ˡ
ģ
Ȼǳվˡ壬ûˡ
ǱߣϹĲȻ꣬͹ֻ
΢΢̾һԹ˱˵Ҹˣȥ
˱һ㶣æ˵ȥ
ĲȻǾǿǶãԼȥУ
ɨ˹˱һۣһת()뿪˷䡣
ʱͣһ¡
о()ûжˣľͷ˵þ治ð
ͷҲأ()ããҹĻС
˱()һ£չ黹סˡ
ֻ죬һֱĿĲȻ뿪
ã΢΢̾˿
ĲȻɽºòײŵȵֳƵĻε˳վ
Ƶ·£иʮ겻ˣŵǲⲽʱʱֱ
ϸһüۿͷĸӳƶţп㣬һ(())(i)ɵĴ硣
˭ǲĲ
ĲȻ˳ţ磡
Ĳ̧ͷһϽ˹ӣˣ
߽ЩĲȻŷĲϡ°Ϻ磬ȥ˺ûʲô
磬ôŪˣĲȻЩۣԹ
û취СڡĲһ̯ʼ硣
⼸ŮѷѵûչĲ硣
Ϳ򷢶ӣ·ӵĶǣԼݸû˼ʰ
ĲȻ̫˽ˣҵɣȴûҵʣСͺܲ
ҿбķ軹ţһλ岻ڵү
үƢҲڽѡ
ĲȻ˵ؼǣԼڰѹʱǰүһȹġ
һ¾нĲȻͰĲ뱩Դĺˡ
ӣ紵쬵ģܱܲɣĲְŶʡ
ĲȻЦЦߣҴȥסĵط
ã
ã˾()硣
ϾɵǽƤЩ䣬Ĳͣǰü
ɣ㾹Ȼס⣿ûи
û⡣ȥôʩУ(ͦͦ)ɾġ
ߣȥɣĲȻקĲ磬š
ﻹǶͷ(r)ֵֻ̧࣬ͷĲȻİ˽Ͻͷȥ
ĲȻֱ̨ų̀Ҹ˼䣬Ҫһ㣬ҷڵģ
ͷ̧ͷŻţϺã
ӹĲȻѺ𣬽ڵŷԿ˳
¥(r)ŶԶͷ˵
()()ͣü죬ʼСˣ
ͷ(r)һ£
ʲôûղ߹ȥǸ𣿡
(r)񣺡ǡ
Ųһ䣺ζأ
ĲȻȻԼóϴƷȻĲȥԼķ䡣
ɷ˵Ĳϴ䣺Ͻϴϴ()ϵĳζٲӬˣ
ĲԼĸ첲˵ô𣿡
ϴĲԵþ࣬ȥôˡ
ĲȻɳϣͷ⻹࣡
ĲĲȻ()һɣ˫Ժ
ãôżҺң˭
ĲȻһۣʲôܼˡ˵һ䣬ֻܿǧ˵
ӴûһƲ͸첲⿪ʼˡҪ֪ĻôأĲϷʵĿĲȻһۣǻֵ
ִ𣬸ͲãҲʰ㣿ĲȻǰĲĸ첲ݾһš
Ҵ˻ָСĲ۵۽УŸ첲ϵĺӡӣЦá
˵ĲȻʣ˵ңڵôˣ
ˣǰһд˼׸裬Щ˾ûʲôġ˼ƯھưɸЩʱݳһЩ顣Ĳ򵥽˽ɫЩȻȻЩ⡣
ҪʵڲУ㻹ǻɣw⼸귢չʵǲġĲȻο
ôУҿǸĸ˺ڡ˵ˣСأ
ԼŰɣ
Ĳ˺üǷĲȻȰ
ģϢ㣡
õģ

ڶĲȻĲʱ˲()ϡ
ĲȻҡҡͷĲ硣
Ĳ˸㻹˵Сõסû(ͦͦ)ûʲôǣֺġ
ĥ䣬ϿϴҴȥ緹ĲȻʰˣɳϾš
ĲŸ裬ϴŪáֱ졣
ʲôûãϴֱ꣬ӸĲȻˡ
һ̣࣬ĲԵ޲ڣ
û뵽СطĶôóԣ
ĲȻһ䣺Ƕİɣ
ĲͷҲ̧
ҲǡһӾԺзˡ
ͱһĲ죺
Աˣ
ĲȻϰˣŤͷĲ˵ߣȥͷˣͷģˣȥ·Ʒ
ȥ÷ɡ
ȥţĲȻ
Уġ뿴˭ҵСӣԳ
ĲȻǰһ˺С()
壬Ũü߱һ˫鶯ܹ޵Цȥʮ⡣
ʲôأ
磬㻹˵һʰʮ꣡
ػǿأ˼ҳ̫ˣ
˵ˡߣϽָ(to)·ǰĲȻȻĲ֣ȥڼһ
˵ЦŸ첲
qˣʱһ()磬ҡУ·˾
ͬһʱ̣˱ϣֺˣҲڴš
ƻſ˱ͺϣһóû£ȥЩƷ
ˣԸҪ˵үǣ϶С
·չֽǣ˱ȻͣסŲС
ĲȻһİˣ֣߽һҰٻ̵ꡣ

41.

˱ûԥ, ӿŲ˽̳
ϣֺͻȻ˦(), е, ӳ׷ȥ
߽̳˱ԶԶ, ĲȻһ˵ĸ첲װ
һ¼ܣĲȻĿϾӣѡ, ȡһɫ
Ȼ()ϱ˼, ˻ȥ, һ
Ӻ, ûзԣʼնĲȻŪ·Եù
ĲȻЦۣͷ
ǸˣžĲȻԼ˵ĸɡ
ȥ⣬ߴ˧ԱߵĲȻվһ, ʮֵǶ, (qng)Ͷϡ
˻ʱľֹ̬, һǶγɵĬ
˱ٸбһ, ()ںʲôݺѹס, Լ
ӳˣҲпˡ
ôԼǲǾͿ˳ˡ
Ī(qng)()(())˿˱ת()ȥȻϣֺꡣ
һ£û˵ֱ()߹
ҪϲͰĲҽǸ()
꣡
˱ͣסŲ첽ߵǰ˵
أ ˱ٿĲȻãĿƿ΢΢̾߰ɣ
Ź˱įıӰ΢ЦſһԵĺϣ֡
ƺϵ𰸣ı(qng)ɡ
ղŵʻֻ̽
˱Ĵ𰸣ӡ֤Ĳ²⡣
ԭˣֿտյѧУȥ
꿴һͷ·Ĺ˱ϣֵͷ
ϴղ˵Ļôأϣܵʾ⣬ʼȰϴҪϲĲҽ˭ĲҽҲϲ㣡
˱Ӷͳ̣ݸϣһ֧㣬ǷѴӵĹʸ߲ߣ
ϣҡͷߣܵ͡
˱㣬wеķӣ60ƽҹ꣬Ǯһֲ𣿡
Ҳ𰡣
˱ǲ͵ˣӡǮһҲṩˡƾʲôȢ˼ң
ĲҽǮԳ
˱ۣ(ƨp)һүǣŮ˵Ǯˡ
Ҫ˼Ĳҽأ
˱ݺһڣ⣬ҽ⣡˵ˣѴ⹤˲֪㲻֪Σ()ʱСҪһ𣬲Ǻ˼𣿡
ϣ̾ϴԭ㿼ǵôࡣ
˱ͷЦ
ԼǸȻֻ֪֪ӵ갢
ڹ̯ϵ˸顣
ú͸úԶӸĲ磬ܹϸеֻܷ꣬
ӵˣûûܾ裬òϺ˼ңԼô˽
ռף֮䣬Ըѡף
ֻҪӹúãԼԸһݸ(qng)
ôһֱڶҰ·ĲȻȻͣܿһۡ
ѽɹСʱû뵽ô˻ĲˣĲε˵
ĲȻ룺ûϢãֻþˡ
˳ֽ·ĲҸо(ͦͦ)!
·ĲȻָĲ˫Ь
Ȼת(r)ûױƷ꣬Щëʿϴ()뵶֮(r)Ʒ
ʱǴС
ĲȻԼ۹⻹⣺
˿װ𿿽װƼûһˣ
(qng)ͷҲˣ·Ҳˣһֻ ĲԲ۾
ô
ǲҺѱȣ
ϲ֪֮
ޣҾͲˣܱһ˧
ĲȻָ˵Ĳ磬ǹϷʵЦͲһġ
һͲˣҼʶʶ
𡣡
Ƥû¶
ص磬Աֱۣ⻹ϳȥǸôôô˧ˣ
ԶͷγѣǰСҿˣ
(r)ҧȭͷʹŶͷĸ첲
찡ϲǿ˧ûߣ
ڶ죬ĲȻĲ磬ֱСѧȥ
·ϵʱĲȻ΢͸˵ףסŷѴӡ
Ĳ˷ңϵǷѴԱ
ĲȻûش𣺡㵽˾֪ˣ
ѧУţĲ翴ϡϡ׺Żݵ((co)co)üͷ
ѴôסѧУ
((co)co)ϵСȷĲõӰǰĲȻ(r)(qng)Ĵк
簡Ĳҽ
תۿԱߵˣ졣
ŶҸ硣ĲȻϽܡ
СԿ(to)Ĳãӭ㵽Ѵͣ
ĲȻĲߣ½ٷѴӵ˴к
˷Ӧ죬ɫҲ졣
(r)(qng)ӭȴƤЦ()Цġ
ʼձۿĲġ
еֻòĴкȻ߿ġ
ĲУԼӦܵеӭġ
ҲӦ쵼ӭɣ
û뵽ȴܴ
ĲɫԽԽ
һĲȻϴ¥һ·СܵĹ˱
Ųһ٣Ȼ˹
ĲȻܣ磬ǷѴӶӳ˱
˵е÷
ĲϽϸһۣûаɣűŲô
˱۾ûͣһߣһ߳˵ͷ
Ĳҽ磬æͲдˣ
˵ﳤȥ
ĲĿɿڴŹ˱뿪
ô磬˱ɣĲȻĲ˼˻
ʲôôĲָŹ˱ıӰ̧ңǰøƵѣ
ʲôǴǲĲȻˣĲһۣ־ĸ첲ݺšһѡ
ңҲǴĲŸ첲£ˣҼͬ⣡̫ˣ̫ˣ̫ˣҪָ
ˣĲȻϸӣ˼Ҷôϡ
ôУԼñأ׹ĲҵСʹ
óøƵģǸҽ
˱(())ҵСǿ׳죬קһǷ
̣
˵ˣѴӣ
һȺ
һͲãʱҵ
Ҫ洦ˣȻĵ˵һɹѸˣ˭ȥ
ϲĲϽ˸绰
裬æʲôأ
̾Žӵ绰ʱЩġ
˽Լӣû²绰
ѵڵ۶ʲôˣ
ܲܣû׼ȱǮˡ
ɫĻصҺܺá˵ɣҪĶǮ
裬ôܰأĲһ㶣Ӧæ˵ſھҪǮ𣿡
ϸ˭ҪǧǮģ
裬ǲҪǮ
ʲôˣ
裬ررأǹӵģ
̾ĵɤۣȻһȥ£ѵǳʲôˡ
һѿڶң಻ã˵ô£Ȼôˣ
Ĳ磺ѽ˸ѡ
̾Žķŵ˶
˵һһأҰôôˣ
Ĳӣߣ
벻Ȼ˸Ѵӵġ
̾һ㶣˵һ飡
Ĳ磺˵ǷѴӵģĵطˣ͵ȥ顢վֵķѴӡ
̾žõɴ۾УУŮôˣ
ڳ̾ŵԤУƾŮҲҸְҵȶߵѡ
ȻҪĲ(qng)Ըһ͸á
·ɱʲôѴӵģʵǳĵߡ
̾żʣģ
Ĳ˳һ𣺡q򡣡
ôȥˣ
ĲŸе˵©졣
룬˸ɣǵΣתˡ
̾ĲȻûϹһ񣬰øҴ
裬ҵ𣿡
̾ţ˵ಡˣ
裬ǻ֮ƣûáȥˣһû£ȻƢû󡣡
̾ţ˵ô죿
⣬ơ
ãƣͱˣ̾ߺ߹Ҷϵ绰
ιιǵģֲˣô׸ʲô
ĲҲһԼĲȻŵòֻϡ
磬ʲô绰״ ĲȻ()Ĳ硣
ֻ˵ʵ㿴Ҳ԰ɣȻȰ뿪еģ㲻ҸģĲŵ
ĲȻֺֺЦĿĲ磺
磬ҾͲˡ˱ﲻˣΪʲôҪԣ
Ķ˳ۣĲЩһ
ܺú˵𣿡ĲȻĲһѣҪǿߣھ뿪
˵գߡ
ҲŲߣĲ̧˫ȣϣö嵽ֻϣȻҡͷԵ
ĲһĲȻÿЦá
Ĳų⣬¿ɵã͹˱һˡ
ֱͱԼĸǡ
ĲȻǸǿǿˡ
ᶨҪ͹˱һġ
뵽⣬ĲȻɷ˵ȥһѽĲĶ
ˣһõꡣ
Ҳء
䣬СֵĲҽĲҽ
ĲȻܳӦһʲô£
Сѭ˹
ǽҪȥq壬ӳҸ㣬ܻܺ㲻õǣ
ĲȻУҵøȥ
ŤͷĲ磺ȥȥȥͻùݣҸõǮ
ĲܷģҪȥҾ͸ţ
ﻹ˸С˼ÿĲȻٸʲôѴӳӴ
ĲȻת()С˵ߣ
((co)co)ĳųһУԱװϳ
СִĲȻĲ˱ӭĲȻ˵
㲻úϢܹʲô(r)֣

42.

ĲȻӭŹ˱Ŀ, ᶨĿȥ
ҲǷѴӵһԱΪʲôҲȥ
˱أҲǷѴӵģ
ĲȻ, Ҫ, ʲô취
Ĳһ䣺ô, ǷѴӸɵ²֪˸
˱Ĳ磬ۣû⣬үⲻ
СңȥȥУô˵, һƫҪˡĲȻʾ
˱ЦһŤͷ()Եĺϣ˵һ, չ˺λү
˵, ûĲȻãת()߿
ллˡĲһȭŹ˱ãԸߣ
˱Ųһ, ̶ǰкĶԱץϳ
Ĳ罫ĲȻһԣԹ
ڿŵˣôƲ, ҲԼжٽ
ٽҲ֪϶
㵽ǲ, ô˵
, ϡ, ĲȻԶĹ˱˵˵ѴԱ㻹Ǹү
㣡ĲĲȻ
ʲô㣡ˡĲȻĲ磬˱Ǳȥ

Сүƫ(to)ҪѴˣ׸ʲô**ҩˣ
뵽⣬ĲɿıŵĲȻ()
ҸʲôĲȻͣ
Ĳ磺Ҳ˭ߣ
ĲȻźϣ𣿡
Ĳ磺֪˭Ǻϣ֣
ǸӡĲȻָŲԶ͹˱˵ĺϣ֡
ĲƲƲ죺ǼǴһ·ɫһͲʲôˣ
ôˣĲȻһ䡣
УԿȫˣҵñ㣡
ĲȻòţ
ҾҪšĲȻ˵Ĳҡ
浱үȥİүרҵ
֮Ĳƽɽң̾ɳ
ĲƽɽҽԺЩ±ҳ̸̸̾û뵽ȷˣ硣
ĲƽɽӡУһγ̾ŷôƢǸջĲʱˡ
Ҹ˵Ĳƽɽ⣬ͣȻְڿɺãҪˣҪˣ
̾漱ˣƽʱĶš˵ϸϸȻףĲƽɽĤۡ
ţлú˵ʲô¶ˣ
ʱ绰˵Ȼ˸ѣ
̾ûн
һʲôĴ¶Ҿ¡Ȼôˣ̸(i)𣿡
Ĳƽɽղűը˵Ķͷ
̾Žʣ֪ʲô𣿡
Ĳƽɽɳֱʲôģ
ǷѴӵģ쿹յ֡ȻҪﰡ
ʲôѴӵģ Ĳƽɽֱվ
˵©ƫҹꡣ
ϰʱ򣬺ʮֻ˴ŵ̨ļߣֱҽԺ
ǸȵҽΪβ
һҪҽԺĲȻҽִҵʸ
ǰҪĲȻǰ̣
ĲƽɽֻõͷСģ˵ǵһ
ǣͨöԷҪô
ҵǣĲȻְͣأֱ֪ʲô۶ӡ
Ĳƽɽһ̨ļõҸϣû뵽ĲȻݼҲͣ
ЦͷѴӵһ
Ҳ˵˼ͥλ״֮ľ޴蹵
ǷѴû(r)ûҹΣһ㣬Ĳƽɽ޷ܡ
Уҵô¶ĲƽɽֱӲ绰ȥæû˽ӡ
ͨҲûãѵ֪ж׼ʮͷţҲأֹ̾
ô죿ĿǵŮĲƽɽȻߡ
̾ŷ侲
()Ӳﵹ裬ݸĲƽɽ
ƽɽϻȺȿڲ裡
Ĳƽɽڰ֣㲻Ҽˣüëˣ
Ĳأ˵ˣԼѾq򣬾Ȼ()ߣԻ취˵ʲôҲԼúӻһ𡣡̾Űο
ȵȣղ˵ĲǸϹȥģһֱһ𣿡Ĳƽɽ뵽©׷ʵ
ŶҲˣ˵ǰһȻһȥˡ
ѣȥĲãƫƫҪȥصqĲ磬϶ǴڻĲƽɽЩܻ
پЩʲôãǸϽȻô죡
ԣһ취Ĳƽɽ˵룬¾Ȳ̾˵ˣʡżϻȰǰŮ̸(i)ѹع˵
˵䣬е绰˽ĲƽɽһԼҽУͬѧżʮ꽻(qng)ĺԲ
Ժкָ̣
ƽɽʲôԺҪְͣ!Բʮֽ
ô£Ĳƽɽ׷ʡ
ˡǰһҽԺҽ¹ʡ˼ҽԺˣ˵̨Ūǽͷö
û뵽Ҳ⵵¡Ĳƽɽ˷۾
ҽԺʲôҽְֵܣð취Ҫҿɹȥˣ
ģ
ҽԺҸ˵ϰҶſ֣ӺŽȥⶼʲô°绰Ǳ߰̾
Ĳƽɽ𼱣ҲҪȥyأҹ
ѽ̫ˣؼʱ̻ͬѧ
µ绰ĲƽɽԳ̾˵ҵȥyһˣ
̾ŵͷȥɣ˳㿴ܲܰŮ
ã
ڶһ磬ĲƽɽͿϵyء
ҽԺĲƽɽԲ˵绰
ҽԺˡ
ûҽԺ㵽ҸСſڣϹ㣡
ʮӺĲƽɽĳͣҸСſڡ
˳һñīСˣҴҴӴſڳ
ͷ̽ĽһԲ
С˵˵ͷѹţǣ˵ߣ
ĲƽɽּҴԼҸϡ
ĲƽɽаЦͬѧøͷƵģ²˼ϳ
ֱ¥ĵԪڣԲŷ˽Ųժ¿ֺī
ƽɽ˼ҷˡ
Ĳƽɽ⡣Ҽǵ㲻סҽԺԺ𣿰ˣ
ԲǱֵġͶϼԺſڣĸһסǡҾͰᵽӼסһ˵
ԲĶȥս飬Ҳ򲻾á
ͳԿףԲţ
Ӷϱϰȥˣ۸ú
ĲƽɽڳɳϣӹԲĲˮʵô£
ԲĲƽɽ棬̾˿˵
ԭ߾ǸʱԮи
и䣬ɷ졣
캰һݣִЩåסҽԺſڣǰҪҽԺ޶()
εʱҽȴƫƫߵڰףӲ˵ǼȣΪסԺѣԲЩε˵
˵ʵ𣿡Ĳƽɽ׷ʡ
ƽɽҽԺҽ»еġԲشҲ֪ʱһҽԺﶼˡʱһҽҪζˣҽ˵(qng)Ǹֲ϶ҲԸǩ֡û취ҽ뿪ġ
ԲУɺ޵ǣҽ뿪Լֻ¼µƵԵӹڵϣΧûҽ
Ĳƽɽأ
Բ̨󣬽Ƶ͵ص̨ϵý塣(qng)ִˡҽ֣ͷȴҽԺȣý峴졣
ĲƽɽԲ򣺡ϵܣǵ˵㡣ȻǲԸ⶯ʱӦ뿪
ҽȥȰˣӲǲ߰룬ҶǹҽԺġ
ĲƽɽüҪĻ(ͦͦ)ֵġ
ɲǣýҽֻһ𣬸ҽԺ޷Ӫҵһͣʧ൱󡣡
ĲƽɽʣʲôҪ󣿡
ϢˣǮˡ첻ѽԲָͷһǽӵҽˣʨӿڣҪ⳥򣡡
ʲôǲǷˣҪô࣡Ĳƽɽɴ۾
ɲƽɽͶ·Ķ˰
Ĳƽɽ룺
ȥҽԺҺǸ칵ͨһ£ܲʲôת
Բǵû⣬㱻ˣ
ĲƽɽڣҲҽԺˡ߰ɣ
С˿ֱӳҽԺűȥ

43.ԩ·խ

ӴҽԺǰʱ, Ĳƽɽ⳯⿴һۡ
˳ӿҽԺǰĹ㳡, 㣬ۼ˴ˡ
֮ҡź֮, ͷ֮
˵, ֱǸг
ƽɽ, ϽƵҽԺȥԲ±˷֣æߴ١
Ĳƽɽͬѧµӣ̾Ϣѡ
ҽ֣ж, ܽ׵ͬѧ((Ʊ))ľԱӡ
Բʼձ, ˺Ժ΢˿
ĵطǸС, ҽԺĺԺţʵСľͷ
ԲŻĴܱ̽߻˺Ȼĳ
ͬѧ, 𣿿ųĲƽɽЩЦ, Բļʾο
Բȴŵһ˿Ĳƽɽʱ, ˿
վ˵, Ҫ㱻Χըһ, ұ֤, øһй֮޲
˵ʲôأѽ㡣ĲƽɽпҡҡͷԲ˺ţҽԺһʮĽȥ
ǾҽԺߵһҲ¥ҽʿǵİ칫¥
СһǺõģҲûа취¡
ڽӽʱȻ˺Ժ
ȻӺźѹѹӿһƱˡ
ԲܣǱ!קĲƽɽܡ
˴󺰣վסҿܣ
˴һ˶Բء
Ĳƽɽܵɴͣס˽ŲվһŴԱֱУǲˣܰɣңҲҽԺģ
Уڷˣһ𣬿϶Ź㣡Բ˻Ĳƽɽĸ첲Ҫקһܡ
ĲƽɽͷƼ糱ӿȺ棬Ȼм˼ϿܣƼ䣬ȻȺдָܳ׳ˣһںĶ˹
Ĳƽɽܣоͷһۣ۷ڣʧȥ֪˳Ŵȥ
ʶʧǰ󺰣ˣžʲôҲ֪ˡ
ĲȻ˹˱ĳ
ϣֵĳ𣿡ڸʻϵĹ˱ĲȻ
ҪģҲãûĲȻ˵ϳĲѳһأĲȻ£ﲻͣ˵ôС()ߣַſڵģӿͷϴ
Ϲ˵ʲô˵ԼɣĲȻĲһۣϺݾһѡ
ѽˣĲŵĴһ˵ʵ
ĲȻӺӾ￴Ź˱ֻѳ򿪣˾øĲѹȥ
Щ̫ϣûеģĲ()ǰ˴գܽסصĸ裬ûУ
˾ĬĬ˱ǰûдĲ硣
ʻҵľͷһ㣬ĲƲƲ죬ͳֻԼ˸
淳ģĲȻקһĲĸ첲ݺݵһۡ
ĲӰͳһֻԼһֻĲȻ
ʲôĲȻѶ˦˻ȥ
£ЩԼ´ĸĲְѶµݹȥ
ĲȻʣдĸ裿Ŷ
׸ôĲÿĲȻ
ĲȻ಻b
ǽࣿɺ͸Ҳɣ
ĲȻ㻹ˡдģ
ǵȻˣҿྩѧϵĲӡĲ˵
һ·ϣĲȻΧŸĴ(r)ҵĽ
˱ʱͰѳصˡ
ĵԽԽͶҲԽԽ
һԵ˾˱ļ䣬ʼüͷ˼ҲûлӦҲʶȤıˡ
ڵĿĵأ˱кҲû򣬾ֱ³ʼָԱжء
ĲȻ󣬸ڹ˱()ߡ
Ա()Ĳ硣
ѴԱͳ(qng)˱(qng)ָӣ()һһСβ͡
ĲȻһҪˡ
ĲһţƤһԼš
ֻҪ˱һ˵Щű߼ʵ⡣
ʲôõģ
ΪʲôҪ취
ʮΪʲôĲȻĲ硣
вʣյ֪ʶǲǹ˶ӳ
˱ûд𻰣ĲȻŷʣ
߿ʱҲûôģ
Ҫѧϣ˵ˣ˽һ㳣ʶд𣿡
ĲȻ֪ôѲ׼д׷Ѵ֮裿
ô˵
˱ʹ˴۲ݵһȥ
˱뿪ĲȻҪ׷ȥĲһѽ˻
ĲȻҸʲô
˼ҹأʲôã
ĲȻң
Ϊá
ȹ˱һ뿪ĲͿʼੲϴԣ˵ЩʲôҸ֮鼦ĲȻһͷ
Ҫ磬ĲȻʹӴȥˡ
̫tmdˡ
Ĳȴϲ
ԧ쿴Ч
Ȼû͹˱Ǵ˵ϼ仰
Ǵںںڵģûˬˣ
˵ѴԱࡣ
̫ôô(r)˱ȴȻ塣
ʮ׳ĺӣڹϻӺ꣬ȴûһ˽пࡣ
ĲԼҪ̫£Ҫ˵ɻˣǴСʱ͵ûιȥ
ôһ룬Ĳ綼ЩѴԱˡ
ҲᶨĲҪȻԶ˱ľġ
ʲôЦô࣬Լӿ϶ҪίֻΪ˾ͼһ
˵ûĲ죬ĲȻʵ
Ъһᣬ¼˵Ĳоеڸһˮôһ仰
ĲȻܲˣת()ߣȥС꣬ϡ
ãҪٲԼǻŭ⣬Ҳ޴š
ʱؽΪ񱩵Ůսʿ(qng)Ľ()һһ˺١
Ĳֻһ£׷ȵңȥģ
̵꣬ĲȻϰͷƿϣһƿѩ̣һƿ֡
ӹƿӣ򿪸ǣ͹˹˵ĺ
Ĳʱ̨ϰƿ֣۾һ
ã˽ңҲһץƿӣ
ˬ죡һǣĲĴ˸á
̨±ҽԺҽƾ¼ٶѪ¼뿴ߴӵһ߲ɼƵ߹̨Ӳŵ
ΪҽҽԺۣȻʮУĲȻɵ̧ͷ
ȻӵӾͷпһϤ()ӰȻǡĲƽɽ
ûôҽԺ
ĲȻΪԼˣ۾
ʱŵĲƽɽͣס˽Ųת()

ĲȻɴ۾
ţĲȻȺӳשͷĲƽɽϡ
ŵˣĺĲȻҲ̲ס˺ѷεĽ֣
ĲҲһ(qng)·ʩչ˶()ۣ죬Ծô
ĲȻȷӦϽĲƽɽ绰ûнͨ
죡ȥҽԺ
ĲηѣԶԣϽȥ
Ϊ³ͻȻĲȻûк͹˱
ǡôгȥqĲȻĲֱӴ˸˳糵
qȥyصһСʱһˣȳĹУĲȻļ١
ȻӵӵĽǶשͷֻǲͷԳʶжϣڳΣա
ɱϾĲƽɽ꼶ˣܴ˳Ҳ֪ܲ(ͦͦ)ȥ
ĲȻֻǿԱ򶨡
ѽȻ˵òø绰ϳĲѯʡ
ãȿʲô(qng)˵ʡ赣ģĲȻѸö⡣
ĲȻ䲻࣬ȴ⡣
ڼҵʱʲôԾϵ£ĲĲĸĲȻ
ÿоĲĲȻĲüֱ˵̫ˡ
³ǰĲȻĲƽɽ˼绰ûнͨ
yվĲȻļٵֱҽԺȥ
ҽԺȻĲȻüͷ˽ȥ
ֱʴӴҽиשͷҵǲǻ⡣
ҽֱͷţסԺأ
ĲȻʲô䣿Ů
ҽ322
Ĳʣôˣ
ҽҡҡͷ֪ˣ(qng)Ҳ֪
סԺ¥¥ĺ棬һȾ͵
ĲȻûеʱ䣬(qng)ͳ322ȥ
322ػԲⰲŵġ
ʱĲƽɽ()ϡ
֣ĲȻ˹ȥţϸ۲Ĳƽɽ
ͷϲһһ۶˽ȥ
ĲƽɽĲȻĺ۾ǿЦݣ
Ȼû£õģ
ԲҲվԱߣ־Ƕͷˣû(())ֺ֢
ĲȻʣ壬Ұַ˼룿
룬Բش
ĲȻĲƽɽ˵û£룡ǶĿӣ
֣㿴˭𣿡һֱĬĲ翪ˡ
ʱ̫࣬(qng)ҲͻȻԼһŰ·ҵġ
ˣ죡ԱߵԲ廰Ҷ̫ӡˣ
ĲȻתԲģҽҽԺʱôû
Բ̾żߣҽ칫ҽأ˵ǲ˵ûꡣҸմǹ׼Ҫȥ¡
壬ڴȥĲȻ˵
ԶԶԣʲôȥҴҰ֣Ĳת()ߡ
һĲƽɽֵǣȻǱȥˣǸӡ˵ˣýڳҪͻհӻ򻹵()ϣ
֣úЪţзִ硣ĲȻǰĲƽɽһѣͷĲ磬չ˺ð֣Բ¥
Ĳ翴ȥĲȻֿ()ϵĲƽɽΪѡ
Ȼȥɣлʿտأû£ãȥʵǲģ
֣ȹȥˣúЪţ
ȥȥ
ȥ¥·ϣԲͼȰ˵ĲȻ
ȻǸƦ㻹ǲҪȥ˻ˮˣ
û壬ҾڶԸ
ĲȻۣĿͶǰĴ¥ɫ
ԩ·խ㶼㲻
ǰɣǰɣ
ĲȻһֱû²£Ҳ¡
죬̯ˣҵţ

44.

ĲȻһ¥ʱ, һˣһŰ״ӵΧס
ԲԱСֹһ䣺˵ڶ¥ҽ칫, ôˡ
˵Ӱ˰칫, , ġˣ㻹ʲô˵ģ繫Ѽɤڴ̶
Ҷ˵ˣӵ, 治ǵĴҽ
¶׹, һץסҽ죺
(ƨp), 費, 㵢ʱ䣬źͶ𣿸ϽԺô, ͷڹ꣬Ը
ԱмʿȰ裺лú˵
һ̵ޣ(to)Ҹ˵øҸ˵Ҫٶ㣬ҰҽԺˣ
Χһ˰ǻԣҽԺˣ
̨Ⱥתȥ, ץ׽ͷ
һŮֳֻͲ, վһֳ, ҽԺ, и
ȰһʱۿҪʧء
ĲȻΧȺ˽ȥվǰ
ɣǲǵң
Ťҽ첱Ӵֵ죬һ㶣תͷһĲȻĿ¶׹⡣
ôǵãϾ˵ĶŮˣɿҽָĲȻһҲ㣬û뵽㾹Ȼˣ˵ɣʲôźͶӵ
Χɷõĵ̨ߣ¼Ϸ()ı仯æҲżҪĵһϡ
ĲȻȻ壬ָԼִһȻشҵ⡣·죬ǲǸ߹㣬̥Ҳ幬
һ֮ʣƾʲô㣡е
ܺãȻ㲻ңΪʲôҪûΪʲôҪҺӣ
㡭챻ʵƿԣʼˣɤӺ˵ʲôˣ˭Ҳܲˣ
㡭ĲȻſڣͱֱϣʲôʣӾ֪ǷծǮɱ˳
ȻΧݺΧסҪˣ˵գһֻקסĲȻ첲
ſԱ˴һ
챻һ£ŤͷһԭԼСӣ
ڳվĲȻĻ󣬻صҽԺ
⼸Ȼûץ캦ֱ֤ݣͨҽڳĿߵʻΪȴĻɡ
մͿĲȻΧȺУϽм伷˹
ҷ֣嵽ǰŤסĲȻק˳()һᣬ˴и
ʲôǲǷˣѪ۾ָ()ĲȻ֪֪һݣ
ΧݺҾһĲҽǺˣѻ꣡
ôһ˵Աߵ˰
곤һЩģȰ죺˵ֲһ()
ۼƳԼƣֻһĲȻͷʰɣ
㣬ʲôʱʶģĲȻ׳˵һ⡣
һ㶣ʲô
Ȼáôһش𣿡ĲȻ죬((Ʊ))ˡ
죺ʲô˵ģǰ
ĲȻʮ˰ɣ
죺ʮ
ĲȻũ壬ôô
ûд
˵ҽ֮ǰ飬ˣ
ĲȻ죺ΪʲôҪ飿

ĲȻô˵
캰ʲô˵ġûǾ仰𣬲Т޺Ϊ󣡡
ͣ¼˵ǰŸŮĲⲻܶϸˡΪӣҾ˻飬Ȼ͸˻顣𣿡
⵹˵ʵwеũףŮ˼롣
ڳԷʱ˶ΧŮֻܶŷվһԣҸųԡ
еļŮ˸ɣũʱ֣˶ƣ
ĲȻЦݣʧ
Ȼû⡣ô֪к
죺ǰ˵b
bŮ
Ȼˣ첻˼˵
ĲȻûи췴ӦĻᣬʣҽԺҽǲ˵㺢̥У̥·ݹ幬()壬ԺٻС㻳ϣҲ㵱ʱô룿
ٺܿ죬ĲȻ׳˺⡣
Ů˿϶Ҫˣѿڶ
ĲȻתһ飺û˵ҪŮˣ
ӦһƬȻʱ۷׷ס
ŷĲȻ(to)æĿڣҲ˼
һվŵ׿ڳϣζҪըˣȫ()ָ죺˵ֳ꣬Ϻץȥ
ܵҲ˹ȭͷ()кȥ
ļݸϽʱҲ
˽һš
챻ڵϣ޻֮
һԵĲȻۼ⣬ֻӿ㶵˳˦һߡ
˲ע⣬Ͻֻ()ԵĲ綪˸
ĲᣬĲȻȺ
һ䣬ĲȻֻ򿪣ʼͨѶ¼ͨ¼
ȻʲôĲҲչ
㿴ĲȻָһ绰룬汸עš֡
ʲôǸ𣿡Ĳ粻⡣
ٿĲȻָһ绰룬汸עǡ䡱
˭
Ž䡣
˭
ϣŮĺͨ绰
ѵ滹Ůˣ
Ů˭ݳϷ绰Ȼװͨ
û⣬ϷóĲҲ˾
ĲȻԤŮ˽ӵ绰(qng)ΣĲӦԣ˵ʲôĻ
ˣĲԼͶء
˱Ƚϳֵĵط׼úĲšȥ绰ͬʱź¼
ĲѧĴɤţֻʼ˵ٺܿ죬˵ú塣
绰ͷŮû죬׷ʵ
㵽õ⳥ûʲôʱܸҸ飿
ԭǰޡ
Ĳ΢һ£ĲȻ˵ͷ
ѽŲǩͬ±Ҵˣ߶أе鷳ˣ
죬ģ͸˵Ϊ˶ʲô飬Сһ𡣡绰ͷ֣Ͳġɣûӵģ϶ˣ
ĲҲźʲôʱˣұϣ⳥Ҫˣ
ôҪͱ˵ʲôˣҪ㣬ʡˮһգŮ6ˣҪСѧˣϽǮҸ飬ðѧû쵰⣡
ĲȻĲһЦ
ѵ绰ҶϣĲĴָ
Ȼģ֤Ҳˣ뿴¼ʱı(qng)
ˣȻҽԺԺ֤ͨݱ
Ĳһ£
ֻô죿˵ģ˭ҲţǷҧһڣ
򵥣ĲȻֻе¼ֱһݣԼĲֻɾԭģȻֻҽԺͰ
һһòɿ˭Ҳûע⵽صĲá
ĲȻûٲֱ֣Ժ칫ҵԲ
¼Բúֱ죬̫ǶˣȻǮ
壬֤ҾͽˣɣĲȻ顣
ԶԶԣϱԲĲȻЩȻζˡҪҶ֪()
壬ô˵ҰҲΪܵˣ֮ԷҰҲǸ
ĲƽɽúѽԲĲȻĲļ
һˣӺųֱɳȥ

45.޷赲

ɳڸҽԺ, 600Զĵط
·10Ӿ͵ˡ
ɳֵȥҽԺʶԺ, к
Ժʲôˣ
Ŷ, ô, һˣ޶, ҽԺ칫, ļӹɱ
ֵüͷǲǵҽԺµ죿
ԣ
ڽҽԺģɳܹܡ˵ɱ޷, õعֵ񾯽͵
, ʱˣֱȥְɣĲȻԲ˵
Բͷ, ²˳٣ߣ
ع̾ӣԲ˳
, ʹѶǰޡ
ʲô֣
ǵ
ǰǲ죿
ǣ
ѶڣһӺ, ϻһյ̨, ǰѶǵϡ
˼, ǵЩˣ
, طģǲǸˣ
һ()ľ˵û£˵ġ㣬סԺ£֪֪(qng)
Ҳ֪(qng)ʹӵ￴šǵգգ۾Щ(qng)
˵ѣǵͨ¼ȥĵͨ˺üε绰
ǡҼǴˣʱ绰˵Ůѧ¡ҡǺ²˵ѵģǵʼ
£»ڰɣ¼һ΢ֵľֱһС¼°
һζԻ
죬ģ͸˵Ϊ˶ʲô飬Сһ𡣡Ͳġɣûӵģ϶ˣ
ǵˡ
־״ص¼ǵ𣿡
ǵ̱ϣáȫ˵
ǵ(qng)Ͳӣȫ˵˳
ԭ˵ĺԺѻʱۡ
Ĳҽʱ䣬֤ݡ
ҽԺȣжթ㵽һ⳥ٺǰǵ顣
ǰ޴绰̸ԼĴ㣬ǰ޵ҪļޣŪ⳥Ǳ߾ϸ顣
ǵСĸУСĸչ(r)(r)ӹǽš
ĵ绰е׼ؾһ޶⳥()Ҳ޷ͬ⡣
û뵽Ǯû֣ͱع֡
ȷ˿ڹ̾üԺ׼˴Ǽӹɱͽҹ
ĵ죬ĲȻĲƽɽ()ߡ
֣İɣ϶ӦáǴӹֳʱ˵Ҫʵʩ
Ĳ˵ϧûи˺֣ˡ
ĲȻҡҡͷʱ(qng)̫ңҲȷӵġҪ֤ͺñȴ롣ôʹ졣ӹɱƺ뱲ӶӼˣ
ʱ¥⾯ĲȻŴȥ
㿴ˣǹץģߣȥ
ĲȻĲ絽ʱµͱɢˡ
챻ͷɥߡ
ΧȺ۷׷ף
û뵽еôݣΪ˵Ǯȥ
˵ҽԺŵģ
㲻֪ղŴľ˵ǹɱˣ
ĳôȳݰеģһǹޣ
иҸǣˣ
ԲһҽʿվڴſڣüĿһ˵ȱߣĲȻæǰʾлȻ㣬ҽôһ⡣
ĲȻ壬лҽ˵ˣ͵úúʰ
۾˹(qng)ȻĲҽ˵ǹⲻҽģ
ĲȻͷȷˣ¼Ϊ֤
Ĳ罫¼򿪣
꣬Уڵʧʹޣ
ǿĽѽô̯ĳ˴˰
ĲĬȻͳֽݸ
(qng)ƽǰסĲȻ֣˳ƾ͹ȥ
Ǹʲô
ĲȻҪϣ
Ĳҽллҽ㱨˳֮ǰҶԲ㣬ԩ㣡Ҫ㣬ҾϡͿǶħİףȥȥĽ㣡
ô룬ĺƶˣôһŮĶ֡ܵ˳ͷȪ֪ҲĿˡĲȻο
صĵ˵ͷ
ߺĲȻֻصĲƽɽĲ
ԲĲƽɽ(qng)ָͿԲˡ
ĲȻ
ΪԭĲƽɽĲúһʱ
ԴĲִҪȥ۶˵Ĺϵֵúܽ
Ĳƽɽˣ˵Ĺϵ˻͡
Ĳ׽Լڵ۶̸Լ롣
ĲƽɽĬĬţ˵˾䣺ƴҲףԼౣء
֪жû׵İο뵽Լ⼸ڵ۶ƴĲףĲһᣬҪ
ǿ򶨣˵˾䡰ϴּ䡱һأ˸ϡﻩ
ʱĲȻſڣֽ磡̫ѹԶĺܡ
ĲĲȻҸտ꣬Ҫɿ(qng)治綪󰡣
ĲȻʼղ˵ĲƽɽᣬְɣʵҲܵġ
ĲƽɽԺǰһ죬ĲӵŮѵĵ绰˵¼
ĲȻЩΪѣȰȻȥɣչˡߵҸ˵
Ĳص۶ϢĲƽɽʱ()ϳĬ˺ܾá
ĲƽɽʵǲԸĲ뿪
ν룬ֻǶƱˣᣬʵʣ档
߾߰ɣԼѡ񡣡Ĳƽɽ̾˿
ҽԺĵϣĲȻͽӵ˹˱ĵ绰
ȥˣΪʲôǶ
ĲȻ߹˱ڵӿԼˣΪģֱȥҽԺˡ
˱˽(qng)û˵ʲô˵˾䡰ء͹˵绰
ĲȻ϶Żwǡ
ҲãôΪеĹͰɣ
ԼһߣĬĬףͺá
ôΣ(i)ȴֻԶ롣
ĲƽɽԺ죬á
(qng)Ҳź˲٣ĲȻ˵
ȻؼҺʲô()ô
ĲƽɽҽãոãѧɲţȻһЩרҵʦҪֵľǺ()˵гԹ()쵼ΪĲƽɽĳղҡ
СʱĲȻʱĲƽɽĺ()
ĲƽɽԺ󣬹һæؼҵʱ٣()ͼˡ
Ĳƽɽ޽ǵİ׷۽ǲزסЦ⣬ĲȻҪܾĻôҲ˵ڡ
һ뵽˱һɣ糾ͣĲȻ¶˾ģ
֣ҲwС
Ĳƽɽһ˵ʲô
֣qϲһѴԱҪȥ
Ĳƽɽԭ˵ģУҼͬ⣡
ĲȻƽ˵֣ҵһȫ()ϲһˣϣ֧ң
Ȼ̸(i)Ҳԣ㣬кͥô
ĲȻ޸ĸǸ¶
Ĳƽɽۣʲôѧ
ĲȻר
ĲƽɽȰȻԼ˵֮Ĳǲһϣһ¡ȷһһҸ
ȻڰǶµĺŮְ־Բ뿴ڸ(qng)Ըͷǹˣңúÿһ°ɣ
֣ҲѪҿǵú㲻ҪȰˣ¶£ҲģĲȻĲƽɽɡ
ȥqаͳĲȻ֣סϳ
ϳǰĲȻĲƽɽһϹ֣Բסˣ
ĲƽɽվеϣаͳԶȥ
һ紵˪׵ͷ
ȥ˵۶ŮqֻʣһͷӣεӰֻ
Ĳƽɽķһ˫ŮʲôãûһȰ棬ʮͷţ

46.ֻ

Խӽq, ĲȻ˱(qng)ԽС
ĲȻѾ벻˱, Ӱӡ
Էʱ, ˯ʱʱ
Ҳ֪ǲǻô, ǲǱɹøˡ
ƿУţĲȻовõԤУ㳡ǿյģûˡ
ϵĲݱѹһһӡ, ˵뿪á
ʱ, иүס˭
үʣ֮ǰסķѴأ
Ŷ˵ѽǰ̫һɽ, Ǿ˴һˣ
ˣ˵ȥ𣿡ĲȻæʵ
Ҳ֪, ûʡүҡҡͷ
ĲȻ(())(())Ժӿһۡ
˱ʱ, ΪʲôԼ绰
³æѹͲԼ
룬ĲȻͳֻ, һϤĺȥ
ֻﴫԵͳι
뿪ѧУΪʲôңĲȻ, ֱ롣
ΪʲôҪ㣿 ˱䷴ʡ
ҲǷѴӵһԱҵȻҪ֪ȥˣ
ҽ, ǷѴԱ˵, ߾, û뵽㻹
˼˵ҲøǷѴˣ
˵ʵǡ˵һϸȺүǻһô£
ĲȻЩ֣ô첻˱Լ䵭ô࣬Ȼ˵ҪԼŵĻ
Щģʣǲ˵һˣ
û˵㻵ֻҾŲʡ˱ת졣
Ҹߣ𣿡ĲȻ׷ʡ
ˡ
ôͰˣǶҸεģѵ㶼ˣĲȻˡ
жҽòţ
˵꣬ĲȻ̧
Ǿ㹻ˣǲҽԺҪҽúûҽԺϰȥɣ
ҴڷѴôʱ䣬ΪʲôΪ㡭
ˣĲҽ˱ĲȻĻô£һŮңһǲˣ
˱ôģĲȻðɣǿ԰ס(qng)
ںæҪҹûĸϹټĲȻ˵꣬˱͹Ҷ˵绰
ĲȻæز˹ȥ绰ͷûѹػ
ĲȻץֻûз£Լ˻
ԲԾ˱ΪζԼǰ̬˴ķת
͸ǹҩһһ䶥һǺԼ˵Ļӽ()Ƶġ
ĲȻ޵ҧгݣ˱ҵţǵҪεп಻ң
ÿС(qng)پĲĵ㣡
˱绰ʱͺϣСϡ
Ҷϵ绰()ϣ֣ǧҪפĵطĲҽ
ô£ϴĲҽַˣϣֺ׷ʡ
˱һͷһȥʵʣʵıʡ
˻ģҪ绰㣬ǧ˵סģסû
İϴöҲ˵ϣִӦţǰĺȥ
ϣЩ֣ôͻȻ˱ͶĲҽˣ
ѵǷֺĲҽʣˣ
˳˼ܣˣ
(qng)˵ǺϢ
ӴٵһǿĶ֣Զ˱ˡ
ĲȻڷֻɱһ
˱Ļȷڵĵ֮ҪҵѴӵס
˭ȥǵأ
ϣ֣ܣ˱õôһӣ϶ҵַ
С֣ֻ˶ӳģǺ˵ʵ
ˣ꣡
绰һ̽ѯʣû׼ջ
ĲȻǾ𣿡
Ĳҽ˵ҽԺչĲ壿ӵ绰ѯ
˵ǺҾǰɣ
ĲȻģ
ǰ()ˣ
ĲȻҰֳԺˡ
֮ǰһҪȥ壬æûʱ䣬˼ڵ绰ͷ˵һǻwˣ
ĲȻûء
ˣĲҽʲô£
ĲȻ˱ģ
绰Ǳͣһ£
Ĳҽ㲻֪
ĲȻ֪
ôֱȥʱأ
ĲȻôǵٱܣ
ǣ;е档
ĲȻ˱ûиҡ
ԭ
ĲȻأҲԸ˵
ֲʲô˵¡תƵcˣסڡ
ĲȻϣ꾹Ȼʹʹ˵˳
Լ(qng)Уڹ˱Լ˵˿϶
˹ã
ԭĲȻҪʹü̼˵
ôһĲȻ˵Ľ౻ϣͣ
Ĳҽ
лл㣬ӣ˼ô룬ϾߵģòС
ĲȻл
õ˹˱٣ϵϿͳվ׼ȥȥcƱ
˱ǰɣҵҪܶ㵽ȥ
ӵĲȻĵ绰ͲµΪ˹˱¡
û˿ԥ͸¶˹˱١
֪(qng)¶²裬ԽǲĲȻ͹˱ӴĲȻԽǻԹ˱
ĲȻ̣Լ˵Ҳ϶취ҵ˱
ţĲȻѪ˱()òԶõġ
һദˣ(r)(qng)ܲܳȥҪһܴʺš
Ҳϸ۲죬˱׶ĲȻûи(qng)
ڹ˱ʼĲȻ˵ʱĲȻֻߴì֮С
ĲȻֻʵ䷴ù˱ʣǵøжĥ
ȵûϷʱԼͿ˳λ
ţ겻Ц
ǡɣϣ꣬Цù죬æʣ
ʲôôģ
꣺ûʲôЦЦ£
ϣֿûˣأҪһ£֤Ὺģ
üë˵
ϴĲҽַˣǧҪסĵط
ЦЦ⵵ѽ֪ˡǸղţĲȻͨ˵绰ʹ˱סĵطأ
ϣ֣϶û˵ǲǣ
꿴ϣ֣˵ˣ
ϣֵɴ۾ô˵أôİⲻǰһ𣿡
꣺ͲˡֻҲܳ׷ġ
ϣָϽߴٵ˵˵ˣôͷˡ
꣺㼸仰Ҳ˵ҾǸˡ
ϣЩģҲ֪ϴ󿴵ĲȻʲôӦ
꣺ôҲûã˾֪ˡ
ĲȻûȥc
ûƱǸûƱ
cҲܺˮŰ·ٵУƱ˵а೵
cжԶĲȻ㣬ý߹ȥ
40ɡ
40ٵ56Сʱ
ĲȻ˲ǰȥͷ
ô죿
ĲȻüͷ߳ϢĳлĦг
ǰһѽԹһĦгȥ
վвؿ͵ĦУĲȻһʣȥcǮ
ĦгǸʮ꣬īĪͷȥ()Ĺģǳ꿪Ħġ
ٿ飬ۣĦгش
ô󣿡ĲȻΪһٿǮ
ӹİ೵ĪϣͷɨһĲȻϴ˵·ôߣȥҪҪۡ
УҸʱ䣬߰ɣĲȻûԥֱӿĦг
˵⿪Ħеĳֱӿ120ֻ·Žٶȡ
ĲȻ֪Ϊε·ͨˡ
ˮӺʯͷĦгҹգҪ˵֪ʲô
··棬ź˺ܶࡣ
ٶĪͷʵŮһʾͲǱˣȥcݵģ
Ǵwģc򿴸ѡ
Ҫ˵òʱ򣬷ˮȥĶ㡣
˼䣬ּӿˡ
Īͷǰ
ĲȻоǿĲ()Լ㶼ùĹĵġ
ʱ̫ĲȻѹˡ
ҪץϳĻӦھܵc
ֻĲȻоȻ
ڲ䣬Ħгͣס
һϺȣ
ĲȻ˳ֵĿĪͷʲôˣ
ĲȻԲ룺Ħгˣǰˣͼ

47.Ե

ʱɫڣĪͷժī, ̶¶׺ݵĹ⣺
ܼ, ֮ǰ̸õļ۸, ٸҼ٣
ĲȻη, Īͷƾʲô
ĪͷīĲȻ((Ʊ))Цһ
˵ƾʲô, ̫, ҪǼۣ
ǶթҲĲȻ
ĪͷָĲȻ, СɵԲµ
ǰŴŵأȰԹ԰ǮҶˣ
ҪǮָˣ㣬ղҪԪǶթ, һ꣬ڸҶ֣Ǿٷ׼ڼһӰɣĲȻͷ֮⡣
Īͷ۾ң
ƣ
, ƲԳԷơ
ĪͷĦ(to)£˦, ׺ݵ˹, һקסĲȻ()ϵĿ
ĲȻ˫ֽס, ()˳ƶ
Īͷֻɿһ󲽡
ȻٴγסĲȻĿקȥ
ĲȻû֣˴ϵڵء
Īͷ()ѹסĲȻʹſ
˺䣬ĲȻݺҧĪͷĸ첲һڡ
ĪͷŸ첲۵۴УĲȻ()Ϲڵϣĺ
ǣڣ㣡
ʱĲȻĳ˺飬ɫ()һ뱩¶⣬ͷҲɢԵʮǱ
˫ͨ죬ϵĿժ͵ӵһߣվ׼ٸĪͷһźݵģȻԶһԶƣ()ϡ
̫ǿңĲȻۡ
ʱһͣ()ߡ
ӳһߴ()Ӱת˲֮()ԡ
һѽĪͷĲȻ()ԾŭһŮˣ
ȭֱӳĪͷкʱѪɡ
ٽһţĪͷڿն˦ڵϡ
һȭһţֱӾͰĪͷſˡ
ŶڲݵϣȻ޷
ѩ˵()Ӱӳĵøߴ
˴šзѴķ£ںҹʮҫۡ
ôվţԶŵڮ
ĲȻſ壬ǹ˱
ղŵĶֻü磬ɽݣֻڵʯ֮䣬Īͷѵز
˱ĪͷСһţ
ث֣ҲٴŮˣ
Īͷŵɸ()Ͱ˵١Ҳˣ
ƼĲȻԱߣ˫ģ㣬Сλ(qng)
ĲȻԼֻܵˣǶԹ˱˵ˣ
˱Īͷһӣ
ĲȻͳһԪǮĪͷĳѣߣ
ĪͷץǮĦгһûӰˡ
Ħгȥ˱ĲȻ죬û˵
ĲȻû()ڣ˳˳ͷѱ˺տ·()ǰ££ǿסѩ׵()ôɣ
ô£˱ϵĿݸĲȻ
ҵc㣬Ħгû뵽ǻ쵰·ǼۣҪǮҲʹඣĲȻӹϣ˵赭д
Ƽһ¶ģ˱̲סˡ
һ絽ĲȻǰĲȻ㻹ܲٲһ㣿qc40أĦгΣգˣҪǼۣԹԸǮˣʲôǿ
ĲȻ磺˵ǾǣƾʲôͲ
˱ƾǸŮģ
ĲȻŮôˣŮľͻñ۸ʲ£
ɣҪǱأ߸ɴӵ·ϣô죿
ǰŴŵأһ˱ڻҰô죿
ˣҪǲһʲô¶ָô죿
㵽û
һ仰˱ǴӺġ
˱һߵӣĲȻзܸˣƾո˵ļ仰ںԼģ
Ǿã֮ǰ£Ҳδǻˡ
ĲȻŸ첲û˵ЦеĿŹ˱
ʱƽ磬ĲȻ·˺ãоЩ䣬ɵ˫ֱŸ첲һ
˱üһĲȻ()ǰס磬һϳ
ղ䣬ĲȻŤһ£ʱã߶Щʹ
ϡ̲ס
˱üôˣ
ĲȻͷۣŤˡ
˱ĲȻᱧ𣬷ŵ˳ϡ
ĲȻ˫ֻŹ˱׳ĲǷĲһůͷ(())
ĲȻڸʻλϣ˱ӳǰƹҲ
շ̣ǰȴûз
ܾ˼ٵĺ
ĲȻתͷ˱
ûȫڣ˱§ĲȻͷ͵ҧס촽ܲȥ
˿̹˱ǣǰӰԵᡣ
缢õߣ(())ÿһűݣסţͼ븹С
˱ǵͨ죬ϢԽԽ
ĲȻҲʾĻӦԼͷ͹˱ͷ໥һĶ㣬ڵҹɢ޾ķҷ˲ϳ·Ҫĺס
˱һֻֽĲȻԼһָֻ()()ֳ¶ѩ׹ġ
ͬʱס()˵ķۺ죬
ĲȻֻһУ()ǰѸС¼(())ȥ
Ҳ̲ס()˵
Žǣȼ˹˱ļ(qng)Ӵ˸ƵʺȣƺҪĲȻڡ
ĲȻ(ͦͦ)ֱ()ӭŹ˱ĸֽץĺ󱳺ǰ()ǿ¡ļ()
żĸ֮ʵӲë
˴ݲ룬֫ϣ޲ý˴ˡԵ
򿪣ҹҰζ˽¯һһŵȴ
˱ͣס˶ὫĲȻƿ³Ӷͳƺ¥̣ϣųţǰĻҰ
ĲȻһԼҲ·ͷ˫֧°ͣſڳϣŹ˱̡
ĲȻԹ˱ղŵıֻ⡣
ô˵ԼСģͷסˣЩʧ
֤һ㣬Լ֮(qng)
ʱĹ˱ĲȻҰ()
ǽ()ߣͱը()Լ
ĲȻЦ
˱һȦʵЦʲô
ĲȻָһ¹˱ļ
иӦ֪϶ϹҲһҲ¡
˱תͷЩյĵĲȻ
Ӧ㵱Сûйô죿
ĲȻ˵֪ҲĻ䡭
˱ǰ黯
̣Ͱƣû
ĲȻ·ֻصԼ8ꡣ
ӣ£һᣬطڶڽɪɪԱߣ§סСļСο
ԴӷǼµº˼ϵجΡ
Ҳ()ϣȽ
طһʱһҲˡ
˵𣿡ӽ۾ԲԲģʵ
ģһӳȥᶨĵͷ
ϳϲʱŷӶȵġ
֪ӺʲôСС͵¶ģҪ뿪¶Ժ
ڶ͵ˡ
ŵΪŮޣ˼١ʱģһ繤
繤ĶãϲȾơ
ʱ򣬰繤ƿƣ֪Ͽ϶Ҫȡ
ȵ11㣬¶Ժ˶˯ţԱ󣬰Ľӡ
Һ棬
˷ܲѣҪԼˣ
ĲȻļǵãӵϣûֻǹ⡣
Լҡ
̽ͷһֻۣƿڵأס
ߣͷкһԱߵһôȥ
ڹ¶Ժôã֪õ·ߣðȥС·һᣬܵ·
Сϴ漴ϵ()ϵ
ĲȻŲɣŰһ
ӣСĵ㣡Χǽʱ򣬰һ䡣
ӵĽ̤ʱСѡ
һֱڸǽ硣
ɵĿã
Χǽϲ֣
ټˣĹ¶Ժ
ӣ㻹ʲôߣûиˣקߡ
ǣãҹɫ֮£δ֪ĵطȥΪһʼˡ
Ϊ±˷֣ͻع¶Ժ˶ѡϡ٣ȽƧС·ߡ
ϾСʶ򣬱ߵģȴԽԽԶ
˿ժҰץҰΪ
õʱ򣬻Դ·ҪһЩԵġ
дǣİת()ܡ
Ժ󣬲򲻵ѣǶˡ
ϣҰҸط˯ˡ
ĲȻļǵãԼ˯ɽ˯ݶ⣬͵͵ܱ˷ס
ĲȻϡ첲ȫ˺һңһ˫Ĵ۾ת
ӣ涺èͷӥָӣЦ
㻹ЦңèͷӥǺɣѧҽУðЦ
Ƕ(r)ӣȻȱʳȴĲȻֵͯʱ⡣
ȻǸԼ()ϡ

48.Ҫֿ

ֱڣĲȻԵʱ(qng), Ŀ
뿪, һ·֮ӺͰ, һƬҰ֡
С·Ķ𣿡ǰеĵ·ԽԽխԵľҲԽԽ, Щ, ץסֱ, ܣӵʵ
, ӣһֱ˳ŵǰ߾, ֲû֡
ʵҲЩ£Ϊ˲ӵģֻô˵Ǹ׳ҲΪԼ
ȥ
˽һƬɼ֣޴ľεض𣬽ڱεʵʵż֦Ҷ֮У¶߲Ӱ, ڵϳƬƬԲߡ
ʢ, ȴˬ, żһ, ˸еʮ
Ӳٺ£ʼǰľɫ
ɣ𼬻۹ڶҰ׺ֵУ˱µ
żзУ֦Ѿ䴩˲ʹֵƽ
СϪӿĽţıϪˮԱߡ
˫һҨһڣĽһ𣡡
ӵƤһˮڰ()ϣȻ󡰿ܿˡ
Ķ𣬸Ϫˮ׷òֺ
·ƣֵ꣬ԶԶԺ
׽Բأܵһô
ʵͿˣΪ˽Ϸȥװûһȥ
˺ܳһʱ䣬Ӽûж㲻סˣϽ
ѽ
һźɫӰӴ()ԴܹŵĴһҶϡ
ӣһԵİ˹
ʲôָŲԶݴлĺӰ
ϸһЦˣưŵֻӣ
ǡڿն𣬴ԱߵĹľڣӿø
ӸоЩ˼Цˡ
ӣ
ʻ䣬ӵĶӲʹͷţ
ҹưﻹҰţȥץһֻǿųԣ
ӳʱ򣬰һֱ()Ż
һ·ϣӸº㣬׽ǵһ·˹ûж
ûãˣϲ̵һֻβҰ㿴ӣץһֻ
ӺͰһռһЩ֦Ҷ۳ɶѣûȼˡ
Ȼõ˸ľͷܣôִֵĹӣҰȥʼ
֮ǰǱһƬĢȥЩϴһϴǵٿĢԣ
һᣬѾŤͷ˵
С֦Żѣţȥɣ
һ䣺ˣǧѼˣȻ()Զȥ
Ұð͵Уһ磬̡ĿţƽƵġ
ζŨƮ˳ʹᣬоˡ
Ȼּһ硣
ΪǰˣһûлӦ
Լ䣬ֵ
˹ȥ
תһɼӿһֻݳĶվڶϡ
ݹᾣ߹Ƕˡ
ףôһֻ
ֻˣ()ġ
ǱΪġȻˣ˹
һⲻǹǣ
ŵת()ܣ﷢У
ң
Һľܶ࣬Ǻˣһȳһˡ
ǿû˵
ϾСۿǵľԽԽ
һţˤڵϣʱֻСɽĺӰԼѹ
ӸܵвܵĽ˫۵ǰ棬˫ۡ
ôԼоأ
ʱֻԱһֻǣðѪ()һһġ
ֻ۾ûбϣֱֱĶ
ŵëȻϸһ˫(to)ǵĲϡ
֡
ŷ
ǰ
ԭڸϪϴĢӵľæĢһӣ˳ֽذ˳
ϵʱҰѾ˹
(qng)֮£Լ()壬ӵǰ档
һҧס˰Ҹ첲
ʹذǵ()š
ܴһӾʧȥ˻ԲģҪȥҧĲӡ
ذףֺΧǵĲסֺ֮ɫ
ǲٱQԴȥ
ƣԲ֡
ӳһˣ
ĸ˿ڡ
ҧѪ()ģҵǣû˵ͷ
ϪˮͳЯϸϴ
ҧ(qng)ӵĶһһ顣
׶ģڰĸ첲ϣ
ŵ㣬ʵڲоͺ
û£㾡ܲ
ϴϣӴԼ·()˺һ˸᣺Ȼصȥ
ǮˣͺˡŤŤ첲
ӣҿԳգǮ
üУУû
ӣΪʲô
˷֣ǿ϶ҪͻȥҪ͵ţ

ӳĬˡ
ﴩҹ˾ͳЩҰζ˾ͺЩɽȪˮ˾˯߸ɴϣ˳
ĲȻǵԼʱۣԼ˺ܾõ۲Ӧ
()ġӺͰһꡣֱ󱻾췢֣ͻ˹¶ԺǺʲô²ýΣ¶ԺԺԱûΪǡ
˱һĳ̣ĲȻĽ
ĲȻŤŤЩĲӣһҰǾ¶ߣҶûк¡ҶʮˣҾҰҹẦ𣿡
˱죬ûлش
Ҳ֪Ϊұ뿪ˡֽƭң˵Լ˼ҵʱһҹͬĲҵ
ҵĸͥ൱Ҳܵ˺ܺõչˣɲ֪ΪʲôҾǲڽȥĻǸһ𡣡
һϣǶ˯ţ˳
ҵļ֣ͥ˹ȥƭ˵ģûȥǼҡۿǼûɵĿ⿴ңһҪϽˡ
ĿˣǱһ˿ϣܹĸط㡣
һǵкܶҹҶǽǣŶգԼİ磬ǰһԼ§סҾͲٺˣ
ĲȻֳȥ˵£˱ȫ֪(qng)
Ҳ̲סһصͷݺڵϲ
˵صʻңһ§ĲȻȥ
ĲȻۣӭһο籩ϴ
оԼ촽סղŵļ(qng)ǳ(qng)
ĲȻֻۣ˱档
£ҲܲסӻŹ˱ˮ촽̵ģȴоʮۡ
жãûӵһã
ǵΣԸԼȡ밢ˣʱٶ̣Ҳĸ(qng)Ը
ĲȻ̰ģǮƸ˵ǸƣΨаŵ壡
ڣˣǸ()ػԼİˣǸԼǣӵİҵˣ
ĲȻôʱԶͣһ̡
(qng)(jn)૵ԶҪֿˣ𣿡

49.쵰

ĲȻʮֺԼ˵仰
Ŀ, ˱ɫѸٱһ¡
()Ҳ˱仯𽥽Ӳ
˱ὫĲȻƿ˫ְס̡
ٿ, ֱӷ˳
ĲȻʵ޷, Լ򵥵һ仰, Ȼ°ôķӦ
ڸʻλȵӷŻع
ʲô˼ĲȻת䡣
̫ˣϻȥ˱ֱǰʡ
ô£Ըһ𣿡ĲȻ̧, ֲ˹ȥ, ץס˹˱ĸ첲
Ҫ((Ʊ))ң˱(qng), ֻһ·, ճԱߵȥ
Һù˱Ӧܿ, ʱ̴˻
ĲȻһ, Լ˵ù˱ֻ죬
ôˣΪʲôһ˵һ(qng)仯ô
(qng)üˡ
Ӹղŵ(r)ǺʹУԼԿԸе, Լиоİ
ʲôط
ѵн־֢
ǻûúԼԶȥ, 漸ꣿ
Ҫ˯, Ҫ
ĲȻԴҲû
ǣͳ(qng)Σ˸ԿǰĬĬųǰУ˴֮¡
Զĵƹ⽥ǵһƬɣĲȻ֪cҪˡ
ӵĵ·޽ģƹһֺ󣬼ճٶȽ
˱ͣһյ·Աߣ
ӵˣԼȥҵطסһ磬ֱӻسǰɣ
˵ʲôĲȻΪԼˡ
³˱˦֡
ôһŮôĸҶ£ĲȻһš
˱û۾ֱǰ
ĲȻ߷˵ҸոΣգû˸ˣ
ŻŤˣô³
˵Ҿ£ƾʲôҾҪ㣡
ûطסͲܺúȥ(r)ӣˣ
û㣬Ҳȥ
˱ûȰ()ӼʻλƹͷʻŴ򿪣˫ֽĲȻץ((Ʊ))ҵģ
ĲȻסֲ֣ʹҡͷ
ôңҪң
˱ͣһ£Ȼ΢΢˻ᣬָƽ
֣˱ĲȻ˦ȭߵĲȻϳֿܻ˼ʻҡ
ĲȻҧ׷ûȻϡһڵء
ǣճû˿ԥȻ˻ﳤȥĲȻڵϡ
ĲȻ޺޵ĿԶȥļճƽƽ
˱ûĵĻ쵰Һ㣡
ΪôˣҾͲˣôˣ
㣬Σ
쵰ҵţҷǵȵĵһ죡
ʵ˱һֱӺӾй۲ĲȻҲɵص(qng)վ
֪ԼղŸûӵ˽⣬״ʮ**Ǽٵġ
ųԶȥ˱ڷ겻ֿ֮ʼһô죿
뵽⣬Ͻסɲͣ·ߣϣִ˵绰
һĺϣ֣裬()۾ͽӵٵ
ǺϣΪ˱ģԷֹʲô(qng)
ϣ־ô()ϵֻʣ
ôϴ󣬳ʲôˣ
ȥq·ϣĲȻ
ϣЩԺʲôĲҽˣ
ŷӦϴҿûסc򣡡
ҽĲҽӻc򡱣绰ͷ˵гſʱȥˡ
ҺˣǽŤˡ̸ϵгſڣôҪ˵أȥϵ
ϣ׷ʣϴôȥأ
һб£ٸҷϻȥˣ˵ȥģ绰ͷЩͷĺ
֪ˣϾȥ֮£ϣֻǹԹԴӦˡ
ʱϣּݵĵƻţû˯
룬Ҳҽȥá
ӣ˯ûϣʵ
ûأ£
ڷҳȥһ𣿡
ӣ׳ʲôˣš
Ĳҽcˡ쵽ʱ򣬳˵¡
ʲô£ɫһ䡣
֪ĲȻ϶Ҫģû뵽ô죬Ͼˡ
û뵽·ϻ¡
ϣָϽ䣺Ӧòʲô¡ϴ·Ͽ˵ˡ
Щɻ󣺡ˣ
ϣ֣ԣϴ˵ġڹȥ
꣺ôû
ϣ֣˵£ȥô¡
⣬Ūˣеϲеӡ
ĲȻˣԼȥ
æҲһʱᰡ
˱淳ĲҽˣԸ
Լ˵ʵˡ
ҽҩ䣺ߣȥ
ϣֿС꣬ҴҳͷĴгȥ
ͬʱĲȻվڴгǰ棬ⲽŹ˱
תΪϲ֪쵰᲻ң
Ͻصϡ
˵ʲôҲҪԼϳýԼʾͷ
ĲȻʧǣĲǹ˱
ϣ͸ǰŸˣϽ˹ȥͣ˵()ԡ
³һɲĲҽ
Ĳҽôˣϣȥ뽫ĲȻ
ĲȻʵڲ˼˵ԼǼװģֻϷ
ӴŤŽˣ˵껹üͷ
Ҳ˳()ߣ
Ĳҽ費ҪҰ㿴һ£
ĲȻû뵽Ҳ΢ЩȻĶһ£Ȼڰ֣
ãҽûʲô󰭣ȥͿŤҩͺˣ
˵Ĳ£ĲȻһһĵ˳
ʱϣֺʵ
ĲҽôģҼǵqûа೵c򰡣
ĲȻŶҹĦгġ
ϣ֣ô˵ȥѽ
Ա˺Цȥӣ˱Ը߷Ѵӵ䣬Ҫӻó
ϣּ˵Ĳҽ֪֪һ߰һﶼ㣡رС֣ͷĸ߶˵лһҪȥ￴㣡
ϣ˵һ滰һٻ
ٶӳǲϣĲȻġ
ʵĲȻҲ֪Ҳȥ𴩺ϣֵĻѻ
Ͼ˼Ǻ⡣
Ц˵Ҳң
ϣ̽ʵ·ϣ㿴ϴû
ĲȻãȻûôˣ
ϣһߣŶûʲôʡ˵Ҫȥq£Ϊ㣡
ĲȻȥģ
ϴ˵ˣϣֿһۣ㶫㡣
ϣֹⶼʲô¶Լ˵ż˵ġ
ˣĲҽסģ
ȥס
ϣҡͷôУ̫ǸҼõɣ
ô(ͦͦ)۵ģŻۣˡʹȥǰɣҲûס
ϣӷɿת˼ȦϴⶣԼ˵ģû˵Ĳҽض
˵ˣҪܺԼûܾ
Աߵȿˣ
ĲҽסҲáˣҪæ뾡˵
̸䣬֣Ѵסĵط
һ(qng)òţҵƽϸߡ
c˺ˮԣǰˮ
ˣҶסʱס
ȶԣסĵطԲġ
ʱѴ칫ֵ칫¥¥ϡ
סĵطһ¥
ϣ֣Ĳҽ칫¥۵()ª˵㣬ʱ˯ɣ
ĲȻеط˯СˣǶӳʲôʱ
ϣ֣ʱӦû
ϣֺĲȻ˶¥()ϡ
ϣȥˮȥˣҩ䣺
ĲҽҸϵҩɣ
ããԼĲȻϽܾˡ
ҪûŤΣ
ϰҩ𣿡ĲȻҩ䡣
ҩۡ
ҵҩۡƾͱͿˡ
ϢһһʱҺ㣡
ĲȻӹҩۣ꣺ܸұ䣬ĺܸм
ЦЦȻԷʱܼˣ
ǡúϣִˮ˲ٽ̸ȥ
Ťͷ˺ϣ֣߰ɣĲҽúϢ
ţϣִӦˣߡ
ߵſʱͷ˵Ǿס¥£¿Խǣ
ĲȻͷһģ
ĲȻԼסĵطǰǸҡ
߰ڷһŴ̨ӣˣҲӿݡ
̨ӣʽҲʮǰġ
컨Ľǣв֩˻ҳ
ȻªЩĲȻȴܰġ
ΪԼİҲס
ĲȻǹһ˿Цݣ¿Ķ㣡

50.Լ

ϣָ뿪ĲȻķ, ͽӵ˱ĵ绰
ϣ, ģǺ, ˶Ĥۡ
ϣ䣺ϴҸոĲҽš
û˵ֱ꣬˱ĺϣŸ(ƨp), ˭ضģ
ϣüϴ, ӲҪʲô취
˵ʲôʲô, ԺɴĲҽˣ
ϴ, Ҳû˵Ĳҽס⣬Ҫ˵ˣʮҲҰҪ, ͰĲҽ, Ҽõȥ
ٸҳ⣡
ϴ㾿Ҫô
绰Ƕһ٣˲٣
Ĳҽ, ôˣ
Ŷ˵ûʲô¶, ղž˵ҩ, ˵ԼĨ
š֪ˡˣߴ΢, Ҷ, Ӽˣ
ʱĹ˱, Ҳڼ尾֮С
ĲȻʱѾˡ
ϣִĵ绰ʵѾԼ
Լȴһͷ
ǿ
ӶϬʡ
ĵȴ޷˵ڵĳŵ
ֻϣҸ£˵ֻ
ϣַµ绰꣺
ϴô£ҰĲҽôô㵱ʱҲڣҪסʲô취ðɣ˵ǾͽĲҽߣֲ˵ˣʼĲҽ˵ôҲǣҲǣô£
ҲǱ᲻ɣüͷ
ڿеĸо˱ĲȻ֮ĹϵԶԶͨѣһ׷ߣԹ˱˽⣬ķӦǿҡ
о޴ΣŮ˵ֱ
˱ĲȻĸ(qng)ǿȥôνǡ
겻Ը룬תƻʺϣ֣
ӣ㰲˭ˣ
ͷھڳæأôˣ
׷ʣڿ7ˣǲҪˣ
ղϴ˵ˣҪϣ˵һ죬ʹңҪټӼˡ

û˵ƻ£ϣҡҡͷԵոȣһһ£Ĳˣֱӵ
괷˺ϣһȭ
Ϲ˵ʲô¿ĭôԣ
ι㣡ϣּװ۵졣
ЦЦ֮ǰԼĲ²⣬ɫе㰵
ѴӹʮֽţѾȫˣĲȻѴԱˮƺȥʱ
˿ֱ7ˡ
ѴӦÿˣôûԼأ
ǹ˱쵰֪Լ׷һˣ
·ĲȻƿ˴
¥ЩϤĶԱ
С֡д
ĲȻеǳжϤ
ԼѾ壬ֹ˱ǰЩȻȴޱϵķѴԱһ˵ϵ
װһȳһյ¥
С۾⣬ȷĲȻ˵ܹ
ĲҽʲôʱģôûأѽĽô
һҪæ˶ͣ׷׳ĲȻ
Ĳҽ
Ĳҽˡ
ĲҽĽôˣ
𣿡
ԱΧ
ĲȻ΢Цŵͷû¶³ʱ򣬲СĲȿգŤˣ
Ǹʲô˼Ĳҽ
ϣ߳µȺ
ҲǺ⣬ӱţĲȻȰһ䡣
Ĳҽ˵һүǡϣֻֽΧŵ˸Ͽø㣬ϴ˵ʹӼӲˣ
ϣ仰ɹת˴ҶĲȻĹעԱһ󻶺ȸԾ
찡̫߳ˣ
ǾĺŹǰɣ㣿
ҹǺ()
ϣֺݺ˼Աһۣ
֪Ժõģף
һףԱǶʱҰ
ףУҼʲˣ
ҿˣС֣ǷݹңҲʳ
Ϊʲôӽ첻أ
ĲȻýζкʷġ
ϣּΪˣ
ĲҽżϾܺãͬʱ׼
ĲȻЦƿϣ֣ллû£Լߡ
ϣεջָ֣ųԷĵطĲҽҪȥʳõȣ
á
ĲȻһȳһգʳ÷ȥ
һȺ˿ţҲǣҲǡ
ΪѼ䣬˹
Ĳҽҷ㣡
ȵľ㣡
ĲȻûпֱӵͷʾ⣺лл
Ҳ˵˵ЦЦֿʱװɵСʳá
һʳõǴ֡
ʹᣬĺ
㣡Ҳ֪ͷʲôˣôóԣ
Ҳŵζ
һĶԱͲסһѷĳȥ
ܵſڣסˣӳô㣿
ôң𣿡˱ԱΧſڣüͷ
ϣַֿˣ˽ˣϴ˵ûһˣ
СԱ߸˵ĺпڸˣӳˣ൱óԣʲôˣ
˱Ų˵һ磺ߣȥӰң
ӳģȥϣֽԱ졣
˱ں˾䣺ӣϽȥơƣ
ĲȻվ⣬Ź˱æµ()Ӱ˼
ٸҹ갢ҲŵڳæµóԵġ
׼ƿŽȥ
ĲҽҵŤˣܰҿ𣿡ֽҪŰʱһѴԱס
ĲȻת()ͷû⣬߰ɣ
ʱ˳һۣʱ˵ɣ
һ¥иƽʱ߰˸Χһ
ۿкò˺þƣһֺǺǵĽƴ˳
û룬Ѷз졣
Ǵɤţʮںӵ˵ЦĲȻЩΡ
˱һ̲˳ʱСȥ
Ҫ췴ǰɣڳǵ
ӳ˭ķ㣡ǲ֪һͳճǼˣжԱЦ
ǸҺúøɣУ˱Ц
ϣվϴ˵ĺúøɣǣ
ҪܳԶӳĲˣҲԸ⣡
ӣɣҲ԰
ȺԻͽ
̸Ц䣬˱䵽ĲȻ()ϡ
(qng)һͣȻᳯĲȻЦһ¡
Һͽǰɣ
˸ղ˭ôİӳµģ
ô˾ԭ㣬ûôף
ĲȻװûп⽫ͷƫ˹ȥ
˱Ѳ˷ŵϣ˵˾ȳ԰ɣ
Ѵ˵ȵľ仰Ƿ׷˦Ӵá
Сһڲˣ߳Ա˵ˣôӳȥĲζЩһ
ӵǣˣҲ֮ǰԵĲˣ˵ģҲ(ͦͦ)óԣ
ĲȻ֪ôˡ
ʵͨЩҳˣ޷ǾźŹ˳ཷ˿㡣
ǣЩ˶ڹ¶Ժʱ(i)Եġ
ӳһڣţȷǶʱζһ㶼û䣡
ĲȻ۾ǰΪԼģ
һůĵ׼(())۽Щʪ
ŹʣϣҨһףһڣֱ죬ͷһغôúȵ
ôģĺҲ̾
ĲȻ˱ֻޱ(qng)Ĵһƿơƣѱͷһڣ˵ûзӦ
ЩˣϲԵģĲȻüëǺЦ˵š
ȴ()һѸٴĴ˲ÿ䡣
̬졣
üģеͷģг˼ġ
ϴʱһƬž
ĲȻ۾Ƴ˱ղ仰һڣѸ̧ͷƱһ¡
ϣֺҲĿӣ뿴ĲȻ
ϣЦ˵
Ĳҽû뵽()ôã(i)ȴƽ񣡡

51.˯

ϣֵı, 뽫ԲѴᡣ
Ҫϡࣿ
÷Ѵӵ֪ҺͰĹϵ
ĲȻһ, ĻԼ˵ĸ˳
ʲô()ãĸ֮ǰֻǸ¶, ڹ¶Ժš
⼸ˣҪڹ¶Ժ, ʱǶˣǺѳԵģ
û˱, ĲȻʼ˵Լڹ¶Ժľ
ʱһиõ, аԼҪһһ𲻷ֿ˵ʱ, ĲȻ⿴˱, û̧ͷ, ͣһ߽䡣
ʱ¶Ժر, ǾԲů׵ǣкĵ˽ߡһ˼ֻһкһŮȴһҪһ𡣡
öٵ尢, ȴΪҪ, һҪһԭֻźı
ĲȻ:ǵõʱһԴķ, ǹ¶Ժ, ǳ, ˸ҵһ۾Ϳ˰
Ժ˵ʲôԼߣһҪҡһǵʧı(qng)
ҲҪټͥҪңҲͬɾܾˡ
һʼûбߡ
һŵķѴԱ׷
Ⱒ尡
˸(qng)ã
Ǻ𣿡
ϣֺԼµĲȻᵽİʵǹ˱
˽۹һͶһߵĹ˱
˱÷ëһң
ҪԷͶҳԷԾ͹
˱ıȣɲʱѴԱǶͷꡰꡱ
ĲȻ۾Ƴһ۹˱ͷʹŷ
оĲȻ۹⣬˱̧ͷݺһۡ
ĲȻΪȻﺬЦ⡣
ôϵףסˣ
ǲԸԹȥ
һ㿴ںԼġ
ûбҪôȫװµȥ
ôһ޶۵ˣ֪Һ֮Ĺϵˡ
㲻ԸܣҾ͹((Ʊ))ܣ
ĲȻٷԵ쳣ˣƽҪԲ١
Թһ˷׷ɢȥ
˱ûٿĲȻһֱۣȥ
ͺϣּ򵥸ĲȻкҲԻȥϢˡ
ĲȻص䣬һֱ9㡣
˱쵰
£һٷ͸Ҵ򷢣
㿪ң룡
뵽⣬ĲȻӡޣ˱ǰ
ˡ
˱ţĲȻڵúϢʲô
ôӭ
˱ֻò()˵
ݣĲȻֱ˵˿ڷжʱˣߡ
˱ͷ漴ʵûˣ
ҩöˡŤˣû˵ǡĲȻһ˵һ߽˹˱
£Ҹ㿴˿ڡ
˱û˵ʲôշԸ()ϣѵ¶˰õ˿ڡ
ĲȻСĽŸ˿ڵɴһ
˿ڱϴο(qng)öˣûгϡ
еĵط裬еĵطͨͨġ
ǲһֱûϢãһ˯೤ʱ䣿ĲȻüʵ
ôæʱϢһҲ˯㡣˱ش
æҲҪϢã˿ٷף͵ȥҽԺˣĲȻţȸͿҩɣ
ĲȻǩպϵӸһ˿ʼͿС
һԹôˣ֪չԼ
˱(qng)ЩȻգգۣ졣
˱СС˿Ϳ꣬ĲȻ˿
ǰˣͷ(())(qng)
ɫɴĲȻʼ°
ĲȻǽ()ĵһͷɼ
УװӣԼ()ᵽ˱۾λʱ()ǰգֲ˲˱ĺ󱳣ָ׻¡
˱ȴɮ붨ۡ
ĲȻģڽɴƵ()ǰʱ()ȥ
ţôԣžİȫС
¸·ټϻŵĺˮ̲ζЩԡ
ɹ˱·ǿ껯ʯ޶ԡ
ֻǼ()
Ź˱촽ĲȻḲȥ
ģԼĻ(r)
ѵĴһ㣬û¶
ĲȻҧס˱촽(˱˱)˼£о˿δ
ͷ˿촽ŬҪ͸ǲϰ
㻹˱͵۾ץסĲȻվƿ
ĲȻʧ͸ûзӦǲˣ
ӿϵĶҴҸ˱
һᣬ˵˾䣺ˣ
ϵɴƵƷҴҾſȥ
쵽ſʱ˱˵˾䡰лл
ĲȻ΢ͣһ£ûлͷš
Լĺģѵֻܻһʽлл
˱㾿ûң
صӣĲȻЩڡ
һ£˱Լʱиоġ
ֻǿסˡ
ͨˣ(qng)ҲӦӦ
ʲôɣʹǿԼġ
Ҫǿ()ˣʱӦòףõãܡ
ûͷûԵĵţֱּ尾
ĲȻԽԽ()ȥ롣
ϴ裬Լˬ侲һ£ͬʱҲϴЩա
¥иԡ䣬ȵľͷ
ûжҲһ˳
ĲȻŷˮȥͨи
·ԡͷˮ
ˮٲ㽦()ϣе⡣
ȴҲȥ˷ա
ϴˣŸ
ֻе⣬ʱʱǴ֡
ĲȻǵԼ֣Ƿ
𰸺ܿͽˡ
ܳơˡһĲȻȵķԡű߿
ŤͷһߴӰſڡ
һȻǹ˱
֮ǰĲȻϴʱжԱΧǽȺڴ󺰣ˮˣˮˣ
µĿգʹù˱ǶԡˮʮС
ȻûĺˮҲûյϼͨ(qng)˱ӣƽܳˡ
˱ټзѴԱźϣִг⿴ʲô(qng)Ա׷ȥȡѴġ
򳯶¥ȥĲȻϽ
˱ɨһַۣûˣ()Ӱ˵ķ·
ܵȣˮ֪ĲȻ϶ȥԡˡ
Ҵܵ⣬ȭͷʹţˮˣ
˼ûжεˡ
˺󼸲һܣ̧ȣš
һǳɣľҲӦ
ĲȻϽժ¶ʶס߲λʲô
ôӦ
˱߶޿ɶ㣬ô׼ת()˳洫ϣֵĽ
ӳˣȺС棬ŷˮˣ
˱ֻ˳ǰһסĲȻһ
뿪
ϣָտʼ¥ʱ򣬻Щ֣ӳȾͷʲôȿǰ(qng)ЩΣԭĲҽϴ裡
ϴʲô˼Ĳҽվ
ԾϴĲҽ
Žӵˣϣֲɵ棺
ѵĲҽϴϴƲסҪŲӣϴͰŸ߿ˣҪӲϹ
ԼȰػװû
ϣָԲ˱ĺ
ûٿҰڳ
ϣָϽס۾ת()ߣ
ߣϴʲôҲû

Ź˱ĺϣּҴ¥ȥˡ
ĲȻûŹϣ()ţôģ˶ӳΪôûһ佻뿪
ֱۣŹ˱()嶼㿴ˣô죿
ﰵ룺С˰ɣ
˱ǵͨ죬С˵ղŽûпΪˣ
ΪʲôҪң
ҸղŲ˵˺ˮŹģ
ղźϣֻ˵ǼٵأĲȻ¶˭֪ǲǹ⴮ͨģ
Ҫžˡ㵽ô
ĲȻָ˵˱()ţ
Ҳ·ȫˣҿ
˱ʿˮԲУҳȥ
ҪѣҾͺҾͺ񣡡
˱ݺݵĶĲȻŲ˯㣡
ĲȻ()߰(ͦͦ)𣬳Ź˱չȥû
㲻Ҫڣ˱۾ת죬ץסĲȻ˫֣һѽϣںڣü
ĲȻü۽˱ڵɣ
˱¹ϵ¶ĺ飬ҧ˵浱Ҳң

52.쳾

ĲȻ۾, Ź˱粽ãѽ
˱صĴƽϢӣҪٺ˺òã
ַ, ͬʱ·ϡ
ĲȻñҧ촽ث, ΪʲôңΪʲôԼĸ(qng)
˱˵, Ƿһߡ
ĲȻʧ·ųȥҲ()ˡ
˱ĬĬؿĲȻص, ţͣˡ
ȻԼ׼ף˳, ΪλҪȥ(qng)ծ
ʱ嵭һаɣ
˱į¥ߵúбӰǽϱƹһӰӡ
ĲȻʧˣϣ, ȴû뵽˱̬ȡ
ܸоԼ(qng), ȴʼջرܡ
⻹֮ǰԼʶǸҵİ
ʮʲô, , ˾(qng)
һ뿪ҲҪĵء
ѴӵĹ쳣, ո¶һ˿, ½ɻ
ĲȻ, ˿ֻ, 5㶼
ĵ뿪ʵֲˡ
·ĲȻţվϡ
ѴԱ((co)co)ææµµ
ĲȻ֮ǰദĵεΣȻĿ
Щ᲻ˡ
ô࣬ĲȻ֮ǰٰ¡
ϣִˮ򵥲˰ͷȻʩʩȻ¥
С磬¥æµȷĲȻĵܹʣ
ĲҽŲҪˣôԼˣ
ĲȻоһůӿ()ţҪҺöˣ
Ҿͷ!С¶˵Цݡ
϶ЦĲȻ˹˱
һ᣺˱ҲйЦݣطȴҲûôԼЦ
ĲȻԼߣŽŽ(qng)
СûоˣӺ뿪˲ֿ⡣
ĲȻǵãųߣûüúÿϵ(qng)Ρ
˲ֿ⣬ڳ֮£cưܵ(qng)ʵسǰ
ҪֵѾˣ·߶ѻͿҶ·Ϲγĵۼովһشˮϴ
ϵĵ½ˣȴԵʮ
еϵֶ壬ģģģȻǱˮݹܾá
иͷ߰׵гؽֽʵ()ӣһԪһ
ĲȻǰһԽӴȥѴԱ㣡
ⲻǶõı
Ҫ뿪Ҳûиˡ
󲮣ܹжٰӣ
̧ǵ۾˿ĲȻôҲʮɣ
ЩȫҪˣĲȻֱİ壬ȫ
ѾͷǴȥ˭Եģʵ
ĲȻѴӣǵͣ
Ŷǰ쵽ֵһ˰ɡһ˲ٺ°˸п
ѴӵĵĿڱ(ͦͦ)á
󲮣鷳һߣôҲòĲȻ˸
û⣬ô࣬ͻŶӦõģοǸѴˣ˺ԥľʹӦˡ
˳е˳ȥ
үˮȥôϻô尡ĲȻʵ
Ѿͷûֵ(qng)涼ѽеĵط͵¥ĵذˣ
ˮ󣬲ûлȥسǻڽݼұѡ⼸½ˣֵûиˣҪ͸Ƶġ
˵ĽǳƽʵĲȻȴƽ棬ԼµʱˮĲҡ
ˮ(qng)(qng)
ĲȻᵽ˱Щ鿹һ˵ļֵڡ
ûǣ֪жټͥҪʧ
ĲȻã£ȷǳ塣
Ǳˣʡ
wеġĲȻ
ݣЩˡ
ĲȻĬһᣬǰֳ˱ǿ(ͦͦ)ε()Σ˵ͷ
ԣݣǷѴӵģ
ֿ⣬ĲȻ˵͵ɣ
Ǯݸˡ
λѴԱǡþſڣĲȻŴڴϽܹ
ĲҽҰ㣡
İӣĲȻ
ô˼ôƷѣ
һ˲˵һʲôһ˿ЦݹĲȻǡ
Աߵ˶ǶԱ˵̫ллЩѴԱˡҼСӣǵ˾ȵġҪͷʵ̫һӣҶҪǵǮ
ϲ̫ˣЩ¶Ӧģ
ô˵ҲǾˣҪǰǶţģ
߶߶˵ţѴԱȰοһ뿪
ˣ˽һõһ¥
ڳæµĲȻܸ˵شк
㿴㣬ĲҽһƷѣǶ˼ˣ
ĲȻһɻĴҲﲻ̫æţ
̸䣬˽˳ӣ۾԰ˣ
ĭֱɹȥ㣡Ĳҽģ
˵ĽϺת()ĲȻʾ˸л
ͬʱѯʵĲҽ˯ûϰ߰ɣ
ĲȻòĵͷУ
ϺʣĽźõû
ĲȻԼǼװˤš
ףţԼͿҩöˡ˵ûʲô󰭣
ĲҽɵϢãˣ
İɣ
緹ʱ򣬷Ѵ˿ϰڵİӣʱ˷
ӳóԵģֳ԰ӣҸôôͻȻ
лл
֣ģҪллĲҽɣ
ĲȻյһ(r)(qng)
˱һƵĺ࣬û˵Ҳûȥðӡ
ӣĲȻͲһ
һԵøûƵģҵȻԼһ֮(qng)ҲûУ
ĲȻʵ벻ͨ
Թ緹ϣҵݵĲȻ
ĲҽǶҪȥɻԼúЪŰɣ
Ҫ뷨ĲȻʹӦˡ
ˣԼĵ뿪˭Ҳߡ
ﻹ᲻Ǹ쵰ôˡ
Ļǲġ
˸ͷҪļһ﾿ô¡
۲۲졣
Ǿܾ˺ϣֵ飺ɲУҲţǸ߰ɣ
ϣ֪ĲȻƢûǿ
ĲȻʱ(r)֮Щ(i)ķѴԱǴһ
˱ȥسǿᣬѴʱɺϣָ
ʱ˱ĲȻҪߣ˾䣺ûã߸ʲô
ĲȻŲӣзִ磬ܲţ
˱֪Ϊû˵Ľһۣˡ
ĲȻŴҵֳѴɺϣֽ䡣
꣬Ա໥֮Ĭ
հţ̽Ŀ̽ͨٵͨ٣ľ䡭
ֳ˶Ŷ̫ɵʮ𾢡
ĲȻУëˮƿ
żһŲʸоĶԱ
ȻģꡪһŮһľ롣
²Ҳֻ΢΢ͷ
ĲȻ֪ⶼΪ˱Եʡ
()ٺãԼ٣Լ
ϲԼȻĵˣǷǶԴ
ҲܵĲȻ䵭
Ҳ֪ĲȻ֮Ÿҡ
ʲôϵ
뿪Ҫ뿪һĻǻһ
˵ףĲȻǸУҲֻǸ͡
ˣæԼĹûз֮΢֮
Ψкϣ֣Ŀʼ׷꣬һж۵ס
Щʼɹ˱ǰŮˣԹ˱(i)óտ
ܽԹ˱ʮ֮һĸ(qng)ͶԼ()ϣͻеԼҸˡ
أѡ˭
ӦûǾӰɣ

53.಻

ʱĹ˱, ıĥ
ϴӶ¥ԡ뿪ʱ, һ
ô(i)
ô, ѪյԼ޲ýһ븹С
Լȴƣȴһ˺, ġ
ʹʹЩֿĺá
治֪ԼܲܳŹȥ
ԭΪԡҵ, ĲȻǶ
ɵڶ쿴ĲȻʱϲֿʼͷۣ
ӻûģô죿
ֱĲȻѻԼȴȲңҲ̡
ҲԼ䴦죬ͻ侲, 뿪Լ
ʱ򣬹˱ԱֵЩĲɡ
ؾֳע⵽һ㣬;ϢĻ, ҵ˹˱
˹˱Ļؾֳ, ʷѴӵĽ
˵˵žĵ()ϣ㿪ʱ겻ģ̫ࣿûϢã
˱һڣǣǰ, ۲ҡ
Ǿô£
˱((co)co)((co)co)ģ
ؾֳЦЦǲ֮ǰһֱŷѴӵǸĲҽ
ֳ, ô֪˱׷ʡ
ؾֳʶ˶ܿ, Ĳҽ뷨Ҳһֱˡôìˣ
˱ҡͷûУҾǲһ𡣡
ؾֳΪʲôҿ(ͦͦ)ѽûо
˱䣬ôãͲһ·ˣۼͥǹ̫ࡣ
˱ô˵ĿЩϼһﶼأ ؾֳ̲סЦˣĹ˱ļ򣬡ʲôˣʲôŵԣڵˣֻҪ(qng)Ըˣôʲô
˱ǼԼ뷨ҽڽ⣺
ֳٺú롣ˣ½׶ηѴصʲô
ؾֳѽ̫ˣȰˡ²һǼˮλ̽ǿչӵι̣ǰ滹ɵ㣬ĿǴҪ׼
İɣֳұ֤񣡡
¿ʼ˽˽̸
˱ûĲȻ£ݣʱʱʼǣдԼ뷨
ʱؾֳ˱Է˱ԲķѴӹΪɣԾܾˡ
ҲãæһΣǿʱǺ칦ƣؾֳ˰Ʊ
Ѵллֳˣ˱˵żճͻȥˡ
˱ȷЩġ
ȻϾͽ񽻴˺ϣ֣ԼڳЩеס
ϾԼӹ(qng)
оӣϵ˿϶ûȬŶ鱼֪ܲܵˡ
ϵֳʱ򣬼ɣŵķŻ˶
ͬʱ۾ʼѰǵٻӰ
ԶĲȻڸԱǵˮ
Ͻת˹ȥ
ϣ(r)(qng)ǰкϴôô磬һΪܸϻأ
ӣҿɲģ˱ݸϣһ̡֧
ϴСңôҲôˣϣֽӹ̣˳ָ˱ȵϡ
ˣмͷһû¾ͺá˱ɨɽ¸ɻȺ׼
緹ɽŵĴӰŵġ
˵Ѵӹ޷鹤̣峤˵ʲôҲҰԷ
֮ǰĺˮʱѴӾٴȫ¶м
峤Ըڴڴί֧Ѵ׼˷ʢũҲˡ
ѴԱӴͷӭȥ˶ˣȴˮϾͿ
˱˹ʹ峤֣̫˴峤¸鷳!
鷳鷳ôæ뻹벻أˣô(r)ڴվˣЪЪɣ峤(r)(qng)к
ĲȻ˱ʱûһۣͷ͹ȥˡ
˱̲סһȻ
ĲȻعͷɫ䣺ʲô
˱վû˵ڣûʲô
˾ôĬĬһǰһȥ
ڻõķѴӶԱ֮εա
ʱ˿ЦʱǵΧ˹Ц
ǻúöˣţ͸˳˺ѡ
ԷʱҲǶӲϣһδ
ĲȻֻǾš
뿪˱Զźüңңԡ
㲻Ƿ𣿲Ҳ
ҾͶԶ㣡
˱һô졣
Թ󣬴ִҪŸɻ
˱ȴ⣬עⰲȫĻǼӽˡ
Щļ룬Ĺܿˡ
ʱ仹磬˱ֳᡣ
c庭ͼ޹һ䡣Ҹմ￪µ񡣡
һҪˮмޱУ׼ȫˮλ̽ͬʱҪͨȫеˮ
ٹһ󣬻Ҫȥ򣬽кӵΣҪóԿ׼
ĲȻѴԱڱһݵϣŹ˱٩٩̸
ӹ˱İţԿΪϸģ棬ϸÿİȫǿ
뵽ܿҴҸϻأͷѴһͣԿһԷѴӼ为쵼
һ㣬Ӻϣֵƽ̸УҲ˽⡣
ֻǣܶԷѴӸΪξͲܶԼأ
ѵԼڹ˱УһλöûУ
С֡СЩԱ
ĲȻиЦԼ
ĲȻĲȻǲ̫Ϊˣ
öʱĸ(qng)(to)ڵĹ˱()ϣ(qng)˰ɣ
ȥľ͹ȥˣһ
õģҾͽһʲôʣ˱˵һ䣬ĲȻӳ˼˳
˷׷ױ̬
û⣡ӳ˵ôɣǾôɣ
Կ಻£жӳţ£
ãдҵ仰Ҿͷˣȥٺú׼죬Ϳʼɻ
ºȻӦŵ
ɢʱ򣬹˱ҵϣ֣һȥȰȰĲҽسǻwǣôۣˣǲʡ
ϴôȥ˵ʲôҵ𣿡ϣֲմ֣ѵ
ȥȥҪ˵ʲô˱ţԸȥʹԣȥˣ
¿ץ˺ϣֵߡ
һŵζͷΣҪ˵ˡ
ϣ־˫֣Ұɣϴǰ·((Ʊ))
УҲ((Ʊ))㣬Ͽʼȥ°౨
úúãҴӦ㣬Ӧ㻹𣿡
˱ĵͷ⻹࣡
ȰˣߣɱԹҰϣֵͷû߼˻
ȥ˵ȥȥȥȥ˱ֱ֡
󣬺ϣֽŸĲȻˮĻᣬš
ĲȻӹˮ˵лл
ϣֳ˻˵Ĳҽûгðɣ
ĲȻźϣ֣Ȼûгãʲô˼
ôġ㿴ŤҲûãԺסܲǻôæչ˲㡣ĲҽҪȥwУٹ㿴ô
ڸɣĲȻ֣һ˿ڽ
ϣ֣Ĳҽˣ
⻰ǹ˱˵İɣĲȻ䲻׳ôһ仰
ϣһ㶣ǡǣĲҽ˭˼Ϊãģ
ĲȻźӣҲ㡣ȥת˱ҪߣԹ˵мݻ
ϣּ˵һûа취ֻøǡ
˱ӣղŵĶԻһԽ˹˱
ô˵
ǧȷϴҲ֪Ĳҽ֮便ô£Ҫ˵ֱȥ˵ʡмܼаϣֱԹ
УȥϢɣ
ϣߺ󣬹˱˸̣߳ӡ
̧ͷĲȻסĵط˼
Լȥ˵
ô˵óڣġ
˵ôţ
Ҳô¡
ӻǰ׼¾Ͳ׻ͷ
ôףԼ֮䣬֮һûҸԵأ
߳ˣԶŮ(qng)ôôˮ
˱Լûôҡ

54.ֱ

˱Ǿװ, 䴦ĲȻ, ֱΪֹ
ϣߺĲȻʵЩ
˱, Լǲ
Ļô˵ԭ»ǲԭ£
Ҫǲ, ù˱ᣬӴ˲ٽӴô죿
, ˱û
ĲȻɿͬʱЩʧ׻ǲԸԼ
ȥסţ((Ʊ))ĵ뷨
Ժ˺ü龵ͷջûж
ٵȴȴ
ڶ죬ĲȻֱѡ
İ, Ѵ6ͳš
ŵµææµµ, ĲȻŵ˿ǲûнԼ׼
˱, 쵰Ʋ£
ĲȻҴϴ, ·, ϴĲЬæϵ¥£ϣӭ˹
ϣֿĲȻ, , תͷߡ
ϣ, վסĲȻһ
Ĳҽôô磿ԭܵĺϣӲͷƤڨЦ˸к
ΪʲôңĲȻû磬ֱʵ
̫ˣϢᣡ
˵ѴҾһӣȥҾȥģҪչˡ
ĽšϣֿĲȻš
˵粻﹤𣿡ĲȻ֪ϣ˵ʲôֱûˡ
ʵĲȻȫڼϢ
һûˣס
ǰѴӴһᣬ˳ٿ˱
ˣ˱ٲԼֱˣΪǰĸĺǣҶǡ
˱ûккԶԶһۣʮ˳Ӷȥ
շֹѴӷֳ飬˱ͺϣָһ飬ֱȥӶߺߡ
ĲȻǸŹ˱һ顣
ߣĲȻ֪ޱļҲɡ
ܹһٶദҪˮǰͷ֣ÿ˶ü
ңеĹ֮ɣ绹
ˮλ̽һλˮڱڣƿˮм⡣
ˮҴܣҵʮֶӡ
һ(qng)£Ҫʮӣʱһ()
Сڹ˱飬ȰĲȻĲҽ̫̫Զɣ
ĲȻÿɷ񣺡û£ζ(ͦͦ)ס
ʱİŵ͹ߣʱ()ճϴˮȴ⡣
С˵Ĳҽ뵱ҵһνӴʱ򣬲θ³
ҪҺˣҲ£ĲȻԵɡ
һᣬĲȻСܵ˱()˵ʲô
˱ͣɨԼһۣ㳯һȥ
Ź˱ˮ()ӰĲȻ·ֻ𵱳¡
ĲȻϡǵãԼͰһЩؤϣʵ·ȥˮһʱ䡣
ʱԼЩµϳܣʹԼٺ¡
Ź˱ıӰĲȻĿ⽥
˼ޱˮλ̽˱һ黹˳·ledֳʾ𻵡ϻȷѴʾ
˵ҪЩ
Щʾһ㶼⣬ûڵ
̫ʱر¶Ƚӽʮȣ˱Ƕ(r)ҵָɣֳ̫·ȫǰ׻ĺա
ĲȻʵھܲסֻö()
˱ĺɹڵļϣҫ۵̫˾ӨĹâ
ĲȻЩۣζȥȴûһ
ڼ䣬̶ֳĲȻЩѴԱڿʵһزһˮ˹ˡӾ䵽ûãһͰˮͼ˵ס
жԱĺ̫ˬˣҪݸˮ͸ˣ
ˣеúȾͲˣأô˵յأЦ

ĲȻǵЦȴôҲЦ
ô(r)죬ڼҴŶ˵ܻҵˡ
ô࣬ϴҪ㣬ԱȣĲȻùʮ꣬Լüֱһ㡣
ĲȻû뵽Ļ绹Ҫ۵öࡣ
հţǵܱߵˮࡣ
Ϊˮһ㶼ʮҪ࣬ͱе
Ѵˮڴ֧ܣϼ˿̡
˿ˮڣ֮ܵС
ͨ裬ڹܵڳࡣ
ȻͰѾһͰͰͳһ㼯ֳĺ󶵡
֮͵Ұũϡ
ܺںܳʱⶼŵ
Ⱪɹ֮£Ƿø֮()Ż
ĲȻüͷס졣
˿Աߵˣȴ̸ЦüëҲûһ¡
ɼǾúܶ࣬ͲǰĶһ¡
ĲȻʼЩѴԱˡ
ô࣬ôۣһ컹УˣҲ֪ôġ
ͨ꼸ˮ˱ԱǵϢ
Լһߣ˵绰
˵ʱƮۣĲȻ²ѯʺϣǱߵ(qng)
ĲȻԱĲȻʼ̸
ô۲ۣ
ۣôۣĲҽҲˣƽ̫վһᣬЩܲˡǾһվһ죬ø
ôûתأĲȻʡ
˿ˮ˵У࣬ջ󣬳ļز˼ҡת𣿡
Ϊʲô
˵ӪˮıֻΪʲôΪûԸ⹤һܲһӣֻܵ˹˲ߡ
ɼû˹һζʮˣѴӽһָͷ
˸̣˵ǼѴ֮ǰʶģӺŲûңҽ˻顣㲻ˣ㿴ǷѴӣҺС֣ȫǹû̸ģСǺϣ֣ʮˡ
Ǻһ£ƽ˵
УһѴڣʮַأۡҪǺˮˣ͸Σգ()һ˩ڿϣʱܶˡ
һǵãǰǶиĶԱø߸ߴģһװˣرᣬر˧һС
µúܴȥεһߵȥȱΧȺڡ
Һһ飬ȥ֮ǰһǵ˵οͽµĸĸӵسǣúТϡ
˻䵱УĲȻԱţ·һصǸҹ
ǾֵͲ˳ĽߵϵļȺھ׼ɿǺСĿмʮԶ
˵ˮȥһ£Ϊˮ()áȻˮʮΣգɱϾǾˣû˭ˡ
ˮѰһҵˡСһϡС⽫(to)ӾȦι
ʱȻƮһֱײȥǵĶǿ㿪
ѾˡǿҧСǰһƱܿľԼֱ֦ӹסŹĴ˾ˮ֮Сˣ
ǿСϴһ߽ĳ̽ȥﻹ֡
ǣشǵģֻķǵһ³ֶӵУļʺСС
ĲȻľս׷ʣأ
жԱ˵֮μﴦĵطʬ塣
仰һΧʱĬ֮С
Ҳ˵Ҳһβ׵Ļɣ

55.Ϸ

ĲȻҲųĬ˺ܾ, û뵽ѴԱĹȻΣա
˵Ĳҽ, ҪΪֻȺʱΣգ̫ˡ
ٸ㽲¡ǰʱǷlзʩ顣
ʱǻûʹڵķϮһ(to)취ɼԱϽƤӵײˮܵｫһ⵹
Ƕ궼ôת, Ҳûгʲô¡콫һԱŽȥ, տʼ, ûжˡǸϽȥ, εڹܵ˳ʱѾ˫, û˺͵ҽԺʱ, Ҳֹͣˡ
ô£㲻˵֮ǰҲû𣿡ĲȻҵɵ㡣
ȥεԱϳ˵, 뾮͸е(), ϲͷеΡרҷ, һ̼Ͷ̼Ũ̫, ʹϢж
ʬ챨ͶԳ¹ܵļ, ֤һۡ
жԱԲ֮ǰ龮ٺ鷳, ֳ, ʩ˵굽ֱֻһ׶ˮܵڡ
ͷΪ, ǲٵ˶¾, ûеķ١嵽˻ǵȥϾĶֻܿ˹
·Ҫӡ֤Ļ˱·ϵϰȫһ
ߣ˸¾
ĲȻվ˱뾮ף()к𺳡
û뵽˱Ĺ˴Σ()
µһֿܣ
Ǿǹ˱ԼԼһǲԼԺΪ¡
ԽԽܡ
ĲȻ֪Թ˱־ǿ()񣬵ֱ϶ϡ
ֻѰһᣬ˵ﻰ췹ʱɵɿڡ
ǳ֮ˣҲֻ÷ǳٴˡ
뵽˱Ϊԭ򲻺Լһ𣬶(r)()Ҳһɨ⡣
һģǿʼЩĶԱЦ
ôһֵ˱ˡ
ԭΪԼĲȻڸͻ֪Ѷˡ
ڿɵãŲţԼĶԱû(r)
˼ҲûʲôҪֱӸߣҲڡ
һһɣô࣬Ƶ(ͦͦ)סˡ
˸˼һҲûô˵
չʱһȺס˷Ѵӡ
ĲȻһۣϳλͰӵˡ
ǰȥѯʵϲʲô𣿡
㰡Ĳҽô£ǼϽַھˣ׼οοǣǵԶ
ĲȻЦЦǺ°˵˲㣬ǣ
ԱվŵĶԱָָ
˱վ˳˼ңǵĺˡǷѴй涨ܵϰռԷ
Ͳͨͨڣ
ǻǶϵ񣬹˱Щľܾˡ
룬Ƴһ飺Ҫɣ(r)7￪ۻᣬʱǲμӣ
룺ҲУ˵ˣùĶǲҪ
û⣡ˣ绰룬ǳʱҽȥӣ
Ϊ׵˰ڰ֣ô鷳ҲԶʱԼ
ǡðɣ˱ֻôӦˡ
ɢȥĲȻ룺ѴڵȺпڱܺãҲܵ˴ҵءǵĸûа׷ѡ
ӳҪ͵ؾһͣѴԱǶܸˡ
ƣһǣֿʼ˷ܵ
úøǵĻһҲڵģ˱ǳţöعƽ
ϵʱĲȻ
ŵʱ򣬹˱绰
˱ŵ绰ţĲȻʱЩ㶣ֻʣ
ôˣ
ĲȻ˾䣺ôͲ
绰Ǳ˺ڸ˭˵أ
˱Ͻأֳң˵
ٶţĲȻʾµȵȡ
ã̰žû
ˣֳ
ˣ˵ˣĲҽɣǺǣúðջᣡ
ֻܴĲȻˣ΢΢
ֳ󡭡ιͷҵ˵绰
˱ηµ绰ѯʵĲȻ
ʲô𣿡
û¾Ͳˣ
ĲȻһŵĹ˱Ͳһ
ʲôҲˣææµµģ̫ۡ㻹ڼҺúЪЪɣ
˱ӣ۾ûĲȻӡ
ֲǲ֪Ъס𣿡ĲȻ˵߿˹˱ɣҲ˵û¡ҸоԼõòˣţȷһ£
˱Щˣȥ꣬ҽ
һŮһ۰Ǳˡңеģ־ܸõĿ⣡
ĲȻŲæӦ𣬺ϾĿ˹˱һۡ
˱ͷüһȻ̧ͷҶҽһϲͨ
û£ҰԱָ㣡ĲȻ((Ʊ))
ǡðɣҪǿûµĻЪϢɣһҪҺϣ̸£
û⣡
ǣ˱(qng)ԸĲȻָӣʼĲȻ
ԶԶԣһ㣬ţһ㣡ĲȻָͣš
ʵû£ϷŪ¹˱һǳͷ֮ǿôķӦ
ţַ̫ˡвС̫ˣĲȻ֧ͣʹţ˱ҲԽԽڡ
ĲȻһγ˱Ҳ̲סˣ
ûǲǣǲҵǲǣ
ĲȻЦһӴ֪ˣ㽫·Լ˵ʱҵĸ⼸Ҳǣģҵĸһίأ
˱ȷҲԡɺúϣȥˣڲ㣬Ҳˣ⼸ɻжۣ
ĲȻأЩĽףȻ˵ã˵еģ˽ҽӵֿ⡣ǷѴԱ˵Цʱһ԰˭أ

˵ǰɣҿ飡ǰĬĹ˱ĲȻġ
˱Ҳ̲ס̧ͷ㾿ô
Ҳô㾿ôģĲȻ˳
˱ĲȻ֪
ĲȻӭŹ˱Ŀ⣺ţ˵ɣ
ĲȻǿ(qng)˱·ֿ˵ӡ
˿˵ӣǡ
û˵꣬Ĳҽ
˱ֻת()⺰ûأɣ
ĲȻŹ˱أȴϣʮֲ졣
ʵʲô£
һЦȳ˱ͷŻشĲȻĻ
иԱҿҲǺܰգ̣Űɣ
ĲȻа룺֪
ȴ˵û£أ
꣺棡
ϣĲȻҲû(qng)ٴȥˡ
˵ҽԾΪְҲвȥ
ת()˱𣬾͸ȥˡ
ͷأԺ޺޲ѣ꣬ʱ
ǰɣ

56.ЩƮ

ĲȻ뿪˱ȴһ
ĲȻĲ((Ʊ)), мܲס
((Ʊ)), ׼ӲͷƤܾĲȻʱ, ˡ
ɵøпһ䣺ɣ
´ĲȻʼʩͼװƣҶ
˵ΥĻĸо, ʵ̫ˡ
ʵҲǹĽڡ
жԱʱ, ȷЩ׼
ȥ¥ĲȻֽһ˳οһ¡
ֻû뵽˸ա
룬²ڹ˱, һ̽, Ȼˡ
ɴ˳ˮ, ĲȻ˳
ĲȻԱʱһֱ()ʶ, ĲȻ겻ѡ
ڳ, Ľˡ
һ, һСʱȥˡ
ĲȻʱ˱ѾϨˡ
Ա껹˳ʵڲ˼ȥš
˵ˣʲôأ
ĲȻ꼸, Ī
룬ת(), ֱ¥ȥˡ
洫Ĳҽ, ̫ллˣ
лĲȻƶһ, ͷҲûء
ĲȻտʼǹġ
ɿǸ߸ԱĲĲȻ֪治¡
Ϊⲡֻоרѵҽܿ
ֻԹԼѡȥù˱ʱԡ
´λɡ
죬ĲȻŹ˱ǣⱼ
ͨˮæüûʱϢ
ڼĲȻ˱ͨҽڶ˹ȥǱѴԱߡ
ĲȻǲǣơ
ת۵ĩ˺üķѴԱǣʼ˷
Ϊڽ죬Ҫϵˣһδ͡
˱ѴԱ˰١
ϴϴ裬ϴϴ·˳ȥɹһЩԵĻ
Ϧ(r)У˳Ĵſڡ
Ӵĺϣֺӭ˹ȥ
ôô磬컹ûھ͹!
Ϊ׵ǸͷôӭЩϹͷ
Ͻǰס˵ﲮӭ
ˣǻ׼ȥǵģû뵽Լˣ
ﲮЦŰڰ֣ʲôô·£⼸ǰվģ滹һأ
һѣϣֺһۣɻ󽫼λ͵
ʱ仰˼ˡ
ſļˣǸϼһ㡣
ĲֹˣС
ﶼŶģżѼ()ģŴϵġ
ĸţһ˴š
ǣϣǰʵ
ô࣬õ㶫οοʣɱݸ߸˲͵
вУй涨Щǲգϣּ쿪˫ֱۣ⵲
ԶĹ˱ſ(r)ֵĳ˹ô£
ϣҵĹǣϽת()Թ˱˵ӳã˺ܶණ˵οǵģ˵գҲ
ʱݸ߸ſڣˣѵҪûȥ
˱վſڵ˵ǣʵʵ˵ǷѴмɣܽȺڵΪЩǷѴӦøɵģ
ȺʲôԸùģǾ°ɣ
ǰˮʱǾˣˮ˺ְųǵ࣬Щʲô
ӲѶǲҪǾ
˱ۼסһллǵĺ⡣ôģЩ͵ǽѴӵʣȷŲֿ⣬׻ķű䣡ǿô
µΪ˱ǲ˼ܱ˸ڣҪýȥˣó
ﶼšҪãҪã׷׿ʣԺȥˡ
ϣֺ͹˱䵽档
ϣ˵ӳôˣ
˱ǰȺӻô죿
ϣּˣҪؾֳ֪ˣǵðһƤɣ
С˱ɨһۣʱЩһ뽻صˮվһЩѵľûƻأ˱ˣã
ϣ۾һĴָӳҾûôˣ
ӣ(ƨp)ҪĻĻɽȥ˱Ц
̫࣬˱Ѵӵ˽˳ˮƺ
ͬʱһЩͣ˰׳ƣǣ뷿ݵԴ
شһɲǣ¥ǰ
ˮƺϰʮӣС׷һʱ(r)ַǷ
ʱҹĻ٣Ȼ
¹࣬ĵƻӳķУ翪ʼˡ
ĲȻûк͹˱ŵһ֪ǹ˱ġ
ĿŹ˱Ʊſף
ǣܵǷǳˣ˵ǵĹõǵϿɣǸˣûʲô˵ģϣһ֣ҹɱ
ˮƣСϡ
һɣ
˼֮(r)˿ЦԱ˹Ц
ĲȻҹ˱Ⱦơ
ԱǶӳľһ㡣
վӣС־͹ˡ
ĲҽҾһһֱҸľ֮Իر
С֣ҽӦġ
ô˵Ҳлл㣡ȸˣ⣡Сһһ
ĲȻˣҲֻøźˡ
ܹĲȻķѴˣҲ׷׹ơ
ʢ(qng)ȴĲȻҲһһӱ¡
˵ĲҽǴӴģⳡо˲ˣ岻ѣҲ׷׸Ϲơ
ĲȻһΪ˱£(qng)̫á
ľƣ߲ܡ
һЩƮˡ
λ(())(())Զ˶Ӱ
˱ӱƹʱһ³ס
ߣҺ
˱һĲȻ˵ü
ȶˣ
ĲȻһͷҡû࣡ȣ
˱ֻøźһ
׼ߣȴָ첲ץסˣĲȻ
Ҫ뿪ңôôģ
˱ЩΣܣ˵˵
ĲȻԱߵȥ
ʱӺ˱飺
ĲҽȶˣչɣϾŮģЩ
ôһ˵˱Ͳټˡ
ԥĿĲȻһۣһҪĲҽźã
ڣİɣ
ĲȻأץŹ˱½ǲţҲߣ
˱ûа취ҲģĶ˵
¥˵
ǣ˲ĲȻ͵˷ſڡ
˱ɫĳĲȻע⣬ˡ
ת()ǰͷ
Ӧһ䣺İɣ
ĲȻƾտʼΪԼǹ˱ƤЦͣ
Ҿ֪ˣ
ˮԱߵϣëʪšɺ׼ĲȻ
ëϣ
ĲȻһ§סĲӣҪߣҺòã
ǵͨ죺Ĳҽ꣡
§ȥʱĲȻ;òԣĻ͵һۣæƿ
ô㣡
˵ֱ꣬(ͦͦ)(ͦͦ)()ϡ
꣬Ҳ뿴㣡ߣĲȻ˻Դ΢һ㣬˵
ĲҽǱҡ
еʲôˣ˵䣬ĲȻڵپתȥ
𶯣ҸˮϴϴôʪֽĲȻ˲()ͷ˱ˮ
Ȼ󲻹ĲȻŤЬ(to)Ȼ()·˸衣
һУֱúϢĲҽ
ȻͳţὫϣˡ

57.겻ɢ

ĲȻ(), ʮܡ
ֻܲ(), Աĥġ
ͣĺš֣()շתࡣ
ϻ˺ܶΡ
صСʱ
밢һ, ǣ֡
ȴô, Ǵ·קɫ, ¿ֵЦš
ڲݵ(())ǧ, ΰ, תľ޼ɵЦ
ת֮, 밢ͬһƥ, һֱĹ·ϱۡ
§()ĺϣ()ôֱʱ価ͷ
ҹʱ֣ĲȻ˹
еθ, ܲס, ſ()Ͼ¡
˺һѹ, ϵ(qng)
Լôͺȶأ
ȥˣ
ˣͻġ
, ô()겻ɢ
ĲȻЩա
, 赹, Ȼڡ
ɻ()ϣĲȻôҲ˯ţʼ档
ԼĹԼڣԼδ
Ȼж벻Ǹ쵰()Ӱ
֪ΪΣ밢ദʱԽԼԽɱȥ
Ϊ()()ģΪĳȸΪǿŽӰġ
Զȴļ䡣
ΨһвģڵԼá
ĲȻΪԼصƿֻҪԼͲ찣
Ժ䣬˯˹ȥ
ʱġ
ĲȻ㶣ȻԼ˯ͷˡ
û˽ô˯˹ȥ
ĲȻϽ()ϴͳ˳ȥ
ȻѴӵ˶߹ˣԼһſտյķӡ
ĲȻܹȥһԡ
(to)𾢵ϴŹư衣
ĲȻݣ˸кˣĲҽ
ĲȻͷʵأ
˵ӳǰɣȥˡӳ֮ǰȥһۣ˵˯(ͦͦ)ãǲý㡣
ĲȻʣ֮ǰ˵ʲô
ˣ˵ˣҸڼҺúϢøǳˣ
ҸŰɣ
ĲȻ
óֻ
ˣ绰ͷ˱ɳƵ
ΪʲôңĲȻֱʡ
㲻ȶ𣿡
Ҳ˾ƣģҹȥ
绰ͷĬ
˰죬ûлӦĲȻ죺Ҫҳң
Ҫۣ˳ͷǰˣҽɣ˱˲
ˣԼĲȻҶ˵绰
ĲȻţչ˱ʾܿҵǡ
ֳŽкѴԱ(r)ȥĲȻֻһܣǾ(r)
(r)(r)ɻҲ(r)
ۼĺϣƼĲȻӭĲҽô(r)ô
һֱһ⻰ǲеࣿĲȻֱźϣ֡
ϣεͷ
Ҳǿȶ𣿡
Ǳ߹˱ӣ͵ɻ
ϣɴ⣬ϽӦһĲȻˡ
˱ӺͷҴҹĲȻվס
ôûڼҺúϢ
ĲȻһƲ죺ңûôף
˱Ȱ㿴ô(r)ܣǺοأ
ĲȻأԸ⣬ܲţ
˱˲СӣٴĬĬԽʼæ
ĲȻ֪Ҳûپ˱ǸЩԼܼ£ʼڹ˱()ϡ
ֻҪһϢˮë
ΧĶԱͿ߶ˣЦϢʱԶԶġ
˱һԳ̣ʵڱﲻסˣ˵ˣҵĹ()()治չˡȥɣ
ĲȻ͵û
Цò׳ˣôȥ
ԼúúÿŹ˱((Ʊ))Լ˵
ʼûԸ
˱üζ׼ڣߣʻȥˡ
֪ĲȻҪʲôҲڸĲȻϾ
˭(ͦͦ)
ĬĬĽϾУֹ졣
cзѴһ䡣
طѴָӲţѴһпʼΪŵĺӵι
Ѵȥĵһվm
νһ֧hbӵΡ̣ʹ⿪ʼ
˴ε˴ͻеھ̨
ĲȻֳʱʶ㣬طʱȻݺסˣ
̨ھ˳·һſʮ׳Ļеֱ˺ڣڳ࣬ͷٵڰߵĵڡ
ߣȻɹ˽֣ԺӰ衣
Ҫμҽѵȥmûȥ
ҲĲȻ˿
ûĵݺͰ֮ˡ
ĲȻ³װﲻæֻԱ߸ɵۡ
ʱԹˡ
꣬
òˣõ̶˹
½½зѴԱȣĲȻϽŴ˼룬˹ȥ
˱飬ȥͺܽʡ
ȷѴԱȥɻ˳ֵһ̶ˮĲȻ
ҲȵɣĲҽĽʣ
ĲȻ˹˵лл
ƷһڣӿǻУ˲ʹ˺ܶ(r)
Ʒ
Ը磬˵̴ʲôʱܸꣿĲȻһߺȣһ߿ʼ
ôҲð°ɡ⹤̣ɲܶˡǶԪˣЩ¶塣
˻ϻӣyصķ鹤̣Ҫhbӡfӡzӵǽɵľhbӡӵ̷ܵ105˵̴󲻴󣡡
ɣǷѴôˣôĲȻ̧ͷɴ۾
ͺӰ費((co)co)ģӵ迣غӷ۹ܵȹɶǷѴӸɣѽɲɡ
ĲȻʣǻһĩٻس𣿡
سǣҸ˵ĲҽǷѴӾ͵û(r)ûҹתһϢУ
ĲȻĬˡ
Ϊ֮ǰĻѾˣû뵽ǰʲôι̣ǰҪţֱ۵ô
ĲȻĿͶڳرĹ˱ֹһ׳ͷܣôˣȥûһ˯һ
ҲˣϽã
۹ܵҪǹ(to)þߣϰֺ˿
ĲȻܲˣʼǵ͹ߡ
˱۵òĲȻæ˲Ѫ
Ĳҽ㵽()ĵطϢһ°ɣﲻ㣡
ĲҽЩүǺڵ㲻£ɱɹˣ
ˣĲҽôɹڣǲǲ˷ɹ˪
Ҫ˵øСĨ㣬Ůѣñ󡣡
ЦǺǵĸĲȻЦȻǲɫġ
Ϊ֪Ĳҽ޺˭Ҳܲˡ
ûųơĶӳǰֻܳԱ
˵Ҳ֣ӳҲ֪ԴʲôҩѴӼÿ˶Ĳҽ׷ӳȴһܾܣôǿܡ
ȻЩֻ˽˵˵Ź˱棿
ǼֱĽ
˱죬ĲȻԼĶԱ˵˵ЦЦû(r)ԽԽڣҪú̿ˡ
Ҳ֪ɹģġ
ֻҪ˸ɻλͷһ
С֣㷢ʲôˣ
㶯Ӳ𣿡
ǿӣôɻط㺸۾Ϲˣ
ЩѵĶԱоʲôʼĲȻԶˡ
ĲȻΪ⣬һνģЩ¶֪ĶԱ̸ʱ⵱Ź˱˵Ц
й˱ڳʱûж໰Ǻͷ䡣
ʮƽ·ʲô¶ûз
ֱĲȻ˱˸绰㵽ҷһ¡

58.˷

ĲȻ绰֮ǰ, ú󱳲˲, Ѻ󱳲ͨ졣
ȻЩ¶ˮ
Ȼ͸˱˵绰
ôˣ绰ͷƵе
㣡ˡĲȻûн̫ࡣ
Ĺ˱ĲԼ
ȻᣬϹ绰ͷ΢Ĭһᣬֽŷ
Ķˡ
ţҵ㣡
µ绰, ĲȻԺģ˵º͹˱(qng)ɵøЦݣ
, ʶʶӵֶΣ
, ĲȻŴ򿪣һ()ɫ˿˯ȹ(), ǡøס()
һ˫ѩ׵Ĵػţץֱ
ôˣ˱ѵĻ̌ĲȻ
˵ĲȻƼ˱һŵӾͺЦ
˵ɣ˱վſ, ûж
϶£㲻ݣվôĲȻת()ŤȵĲ̬
ô£˱Ũü
ʲôһܰˣĲȻ˦ôһ仰
˱룬߽ݡ
ŵһŨŨĻ¶ˮζ˳ʵӣ
ԣΪ¡ұҧˡ
ĲȻ˵䣬()Ͻеһȹ, ں, 㿴
Ȼûд£
˱ʶҪȥץĲȻ·, ȴûü
ع, ĲȻѾſ()ϡ
оҪˣ㶵վ
ĲȻ**ŵ()ȫ¶ڹ˱ǰ濴ȥԼɼ()
·ϣ˱㷴Ӧ
ϻôͿҩ겻ڣֻæˣҩͷϡĲȻһ˿Ÿʲôôˣ
˵꣬Ҫֱ()
ҸͿ˱æϵҩ()ߡ
ȷǱӶģô󱳶ˣ
ղţʵܲˣŲ˼¡ĲȻٵĻش
˱ҩˮմǩĲȻͿ
ĲȻǹʣһᣬȫǸ
ԾôȫǰӶˣ˱ɻ
ϲʱҧģƤĲȻô˵
˱ĸĲȻĨҩ
ĲȻװ()ŤŤȥﻹꡱ
󱳲ʱ˱֣ܸоԶ˶٣ôأ
ۡĲȻ˵ԳŴ()ζ
ͿҩĲȻվ()װСİһ£ˤ˱С
ʵ()ɲɵϹ˱()š
ĲȻûһ£()ϴ(r)
Ȼķſ˼ˤˡ
ֵŹ˱洩˯ȹ¶΢Цлˣ
漴˸Ƿˣģ
˱()彩ţһŻúϢ
Ȼת()뿪ĲȻķ䡣
ĲȻת()ʱ()¡ʲô
̲סˣ
ĲȻӦеⲻֹ֮ǰңôĥ㣡
صĹ˱оԼ()ջǣϿġ
ղĲȻ䣬ܲסˡ
(r)죬ô٣˵ԼֱҪ˷
˱Ͻԡͷˮ󣬸Լ˸ˮ衣
ٲ侲һ£˱еԼȫ()ѪܶҪˡ
ǡôʱϣֹҹ˱£滩ˮ
ϴôˣ
ǵǰҲôϴ裬Ǽ򵥲һ
οˮô
(qng)
ϣûߣһԾȹ˱ϴԡ
˱Ŷ̿㣬ëͳˡ
ϣţüëôм£
ϣע⵽˱ɫ죬۾ﻹѪ˿()вλ΢¡
ϴղʲôˣ
ԼԼ
ǺĲҽ
ҿʲôϳƱˣ˱ϣɵﶢԼҲ˵ʱЩ
ϴҾôŸɻϣָϽش𣬽Ƿݻѹĵס
ƽ֪ͺȾƣôĵˣʼоˣ˱(qng)Ľҵס
㿴㣬ϴҾͺȾ(i)ãܱץŲš˵ô꣬Ҳûе
ϣգգۣס
СӣµʱٰĴβҳƽġҪǿɻУ
߻Ѽȥˣ˵ɣʲô£˱˲ʪͷ
ԱккȥǺôһ͵µˡ
ôģҪҪ
˵ǳȥ˼ˣ
˱ãǣճҳ۾Ա߿ţ
Ȼϣֽ˽Ĵ¹š
ϣߺ󣬹˱ĲȻֻԱкˣ鷳
˱ĲȻ׼ġ
Աôܾ࣬Ļû˵ڡ
ãһ£
ֹʮӣ˱ӵĲȻ磺
ҿˣǳԱʳﵼµĸк˵ҩûʲô󰭣
˱ɿ˵˵лл
ãǵýңĲȻ˵꣬͹˵绰
죬ĲȻųϾԸֽɫ()˱ȴԲòù˱()()ˮ衣
ϣÿ϶ʾδ˱ԳЩȻϴѪգﲻסˡ
ϴĲҽûʲô򲻻ÿϴ()С
ĺûѽϽ
ʧʱϣֽգ˵绰
ǰ޵һ䣬˵Ƕӳˡ
ͨ绰Ч
ڶպڣͷ糾͸ˣצʳ
üûĶԱǶ˷ܣ׷Χȥ
ӽ㣬⼸ûģ
ӣʲôóԵˣ
Իǣֻųԣ
һʱ(r)ַǷ
ϣû뵽ôˣϽ˶Աֳȥʳơơ
˱ͷˣѵô
ȻһЦʦúܺã(ͦͦ)ջģ
ǻûԷҽԳ(r)ˣȺϣֻǺúúһȣ
ޣӳ꣡˱δ䣬Χ˻
˺ˣԵĸʲô
Զԣþ⼸Ĳˣˣӡ
˱һۣǻûˡӳ;ǣҪˣ
֣¡ģ˵꾶ֱȥ
壺Ƕӳ۾ˣ
˱һƳǺе˶ʱСЦҲС
ͬ˵ĻĲȻ
ıӰ޺޲ѣ粻ۼҪԼ͹
곴òˣƵĶԱҲѾˡ
ְ˽ŵĽ˶
˱˵˼件ӭؼ֮Ŀ(to)ʽʼˡ
һ죬ǡò˺þƣҺȵú˷ܡ
ĲȻȴһ˼ȵûûζ
Ҫǿй˱ڳʲôҲᣬ˯ȥˡ
ƹѲڹ˱Ʊ()߾ʱϣֺȻվ
ôȾû˼벻̼ģ
ºȻŵ׷װĿͶ˺ϣ֣еĻ˵ӣˣл˵
ϣɨһ£㿴Ϊӷ԰ɣ飬ΪǶӵĹǣǴңǵĶҽȽô
ʢѪա
ϣֵӽݶѵĻѣ˲佫ƾֵȼˡ
һƬкеĻΨ²ңھ˿ӣһһ
˱ʵڲԸƻôõĺȾգžƱҲǣҲǡ
Ʊ𣺡Ⱦͺȣ
ƱҪӹ˱ĸ첲дȥ
Ҫ(r)֣ǲ(r)һЩ
ͬʱһȻҪȽƵչˡ
ĲȻ

59.

, ȸƣ
ĲȻžƱֱߵϣǰ
ϣֶű, , (qng)Ρ
û뵽ĲȻȻô˵
ʱ䳡, ˶ͣ¶, ųеĲȻ
ĲȻ󷽷ץϣֵĸ첲ںƣսƱֻϺϣֵ
Ɑƣȣ˱һϺȣ, ĲȻǰеľ, һ, ˹ˡһ
Ѵ˶ȵĿŹ˱, Ϊݺһѡ
ӳʲô(qng)
ͿЦȸ
ôӦô
Ա߽Ͱ͵Ľͣ
ӡӳ, ҲܡĲĲҽȽƵģ
˵, һ˵꣬˱˺ϣһ, һ䡰ȣ
ƱӵϣȻת()ȥ
žƱŹ˱Լ, Ʊ, ֿȻȥ, ֻһıӰ
ԵʮίôԼרŹġ
ԼȾҲͰˣȥʱкû
ԣҸضȥ
ĲȻβŹ˱ʱҲż˽
ְһһӦϡ
˱ת()ӭվŵĲȻʲô
˱仰ӦʣĲȻ˻ͷô(r)ңһﶼôģˣʲôƢ
ˣƢˣ
㲻ҪģҺҵģʲô
ǲģҲûдӦ˱üͷ
ҲûзԣĲȻһĶŹ˱
ֻŮ˺ȣͲҸ˺ȣʲôˣ

˵ǲǡ˱㣬ûңĲȻ((Ʊ))˱()ǰ()ͷֱ۾
شȻǳĬ
ܺã㲻Ҫңдѵ׷ҡҸ˼ˣֻҪȽƣǸ()ת
ĲȻһ߷**һͷԼĲӣһ·¡
ͬʱ()˱Ħ䣬ļӿ죬ҲԽԽ졣
۽ɨ˱()˷ӦҲԽԽ
ֲһ䣺һҪΪŮһС˳ƸŸ
Ҫ˵ˣ˱һ۾
ĲȻ˵Ǹʱҵ˿϶۵òˣʲôóԵĶﰲοҡ
˱ȻʧأݺݽĲȻ§뻳Уҧ˵ҵģ
Ȼʼ˱ǡ
ĲȻһ˵ӭȥһţһʶĳ()ȥ
()ʱ˱ĲȻѹ()ףͬʱʼ˺ĲȻ·
ĲȻȻǼϣŽԼ¿۽¡
ɣһҵȵúܾˣ
Ȼе
Ťһŵˣͣ
˱侲˳ƷſĲȻŷŴ𣺡˭
ЩᣬЩңҪˣԺô
ϴң
ԭǺϣ֡
ĲȻŲæ()ϵ·ۣͷ߹ȥš
ŵĲȻϣ΢һ£ˣ
˼Ҳ֪Ҳߣ
ĲȻźϣ֣һťϵϣȻ˵лǶӳ˵Ѿ˵ˣȥɣ
˵գ˹˱һۣôˡ
ϣЩεĿŹ˱ڨڨ
ӳҾǴһ㣬켸
ĲȻ(qng)δˣоԼϻڷա
ϣ治ʱǡôԼͰĺ¡
û̫ʧ
Լӹ˱ղŵľٶǳԴˡ
Կƭ()ȴƭˡ
ͺϣ(qng)ǰʯͷԼĽš
ܸףڹ˱˭Ҫ
ڽϣǶС¡
ҪԵǻǷַӵ£Ҳżһϡ
ղŵܽӴĲȻġҲӿܹͰһˡ
ϣ뿪˱ʱݺԼһ⡣
Լ쾿ôˣ
˵ҸôĲȻҪԼȽʱԼûܾ
ղſĲҽʱ˳ء
ҺĲҽᵽ˳
Լ뿪ǹйŮģڷﻹʲô
һ֪Ļöİ
ĲȻڴǰճյԼ͹˱ĵεΣ֪Լ϶˯ˡ
ҹߵģ˱ϣ֣кꡭ
ĲȻηУѡ
̨ĲȻһһŮվţѴԱ˵ʲô
̧ͷĲȻָеŮˣ
Ĳҽ˵ʶ㣡
ԭôˡ
ɻĲȻ·¥
ĲҽҵˣĲȻ˵߹ס֡
ûĲȻڣԱվŵĻҲ˿ڣĲҽãܾò
ĲȻϸһȻǸΰ
ôҲˡ
ΰһһģ߶߶˵ţĲȻŪô¡
ԭԴϴϳͺһֱһĲȻл
վ˸ΰ
Ǵwܹģڼʵû˼һ¡
֪ôľ뵽ĲȻø˵ǳ˼
һԴ;ȥĲȻ
ĿͬУȥqʱѴ죬֪Ѿתˣһȥc
û뵽˸ա
Ѵӵ䣬һ磬˳ĸϹˡ
Ĳҽû˼㵱лллҽ㱨˳𣡡Щ
ӣ̫ˡ֮Է֪ԺҪȥˣֻɳְˣ
Ĳҽ̫ˣ·ҳĹ£ҶֱͶأûΰ£廰
ĲȻؿ˸ΰһۣͣô£ıţʲô
ΰƤЦΪĲҽ𣬰Ҵӳˣ
ȥһߵģٸ컬࣡ĲȻһֱۣӰѸΰػ˻ȥ
Ȼ֣͵ԼңҰһ£С֣Ǵۡ
ôţĲȻĽܣĸÿλڳķѴӵ˴к
Ҷ()ʧʵŮкøУд󵨵Ļ⿪˾Цͨ졣
ʱ˱ҲˣϲӬһ㽫ǼڻĺӸߣԷھ͸Ͻʧ
ǰλʸߴӺӡ󣬵ͷ˸кӳã
ĲȻקһߣǲ׼ߣҪߵĻֱӸ˵㣡
˳ĲȻ½ǣ㣬ҼҲûˣʱҲûũܸܲһ𡣶ˣһ
ΪҪسѧϰһˡΣ䵽()ϡ
ԱжԱˣæߥŹ˱ӳ̫ˣǾɣ
ĲȻҲ˵˾䣺ҲУסҲи顣
˱룬ͷͬˣУǵģ
Ƕӳǣµ˷ܵú
ΪԵĳʵڲҹάֻǿʣӱѡ
һ((co)co)ֹũģӦò
ʵϣǷѴӵĲںǶɫģ
ܿŮ(r)ӸжⰡ
˱ҴߺĲȻ׼ֱ¥ָΰ񻹸ţʱ
Ǹʲô
˵ءĲҽ˳Ҳ¡ΰЦš
һߵģͻȥҪٸţСҸ(ɧɧ)ţĲȻ˵
(qng)ĲҽôˣҲûҵط˯Ҫ˶ӳ˵˵סһϰɣ
ĲȻЩЦӣ˾ţƤǵģԽãԽճ㲻šùߣ
˵ק¥
ΰƽʱЩţɲ֪ΪΣЩηĲȻ
һ͸èƵġ
ĲȻĻҲ
ûٸȥɿС̣
ҾͲߣô죡

60.ͷ֮

ĲȻķﻹһ(), ڷӰ˵Ʒ
ʰ()ź˱ӣϢ֮ˡ
æ꣬мĿĲȻĲҽǸˡû, ҽҲԩѩ
˵Ҫ˵ĻˡΨһڵǣûҽԺ㣬Ҳߵô硣ĲȻο
Ƕҽʵҳиԭ򣬾ڼһҽǽϵҿž͡ܡʲô¶û(qng)ʼ
ȥˣԺҸżңúù(r)ӰɣĲȻݹȥֽ
ӹֽ, ˲۽ǵˮףԺúġ
, ̫ˣ˯ɣ
, õĲҽ
ΰĲȻ¥, û˼ֱȥҹ˱ס, ǳȥڸ˸ùݡ
ԴΪݵ, ŷѴӡ
ȻҲ, ѴӺͳɻ, ܲˬڼ˯(r)͡
ĲȻ, ֻ((Ʊ))Լ˾ģԼ5ӣǿԼ
ڶʱ򣬸ΰϰߵȥ壬ѲڼˣֻñˢϴȻȥ˴ѵж
Ϊһ竣ΰǲԼôһʳȥġ
ο಻
˵˵ΰͬǮĽʳ͵⡣
̫磬Żǹŵģ˰ţиĶԱ۾߹һΰ񣬶ʱôûߣ
ӡУΰӦ뿪ˡ
ǷѴô࣬Щ㣡ΰϼЦݡ
ҪǰЩԱ
ΪĲȻ

Ա۾ˢˡ
˵Ҳ߸ΰһŵģڴԵķϣǰѴŴˡ
һųȥ
ˣ׼Ѵ࣬㼦
ΰЩˣ߸û֮߰ǰһأôҲŻسǵĳ
ΰЦؼʵû˼ŷѴӻ졣ˣҸְɣѧѧôˡ
ǡ
ûʲôǵģôˣΰЩԥԣæŶ˵ɣҪЩʲô
ĲȻʱѾϡ
룬ܿ׹ȥһ׼ȥˡ
ǸͻڿĹ˭Ȣ˭иˡ
ĲȻ(r)ˮƿʣˮϴϴͷ򵥻˻üͿ˵˪ͳ˷䡣
׼緹ֱߣ¥ˡ
˲絽ĶԱԼк簡Ĳҽ
ĲȻ΢Цŵ˵ͷ磡
ʱСҲ˹ĲҽôƷأǶ˼ˣ
Ʒѣʲô(qng)
ĲȻɻСָָϵͶⲻ𣿡
ĲȻһۣҡҡͷǡ
ˣ˭ô󷽣ôأѵǶӳܰ
ġΰǡСֵĻæǰ
ĲȻΰһ£ûسǣ
ΰ֣˷סˡҸ˵ˣԺ͸Ѵӵĺڱϡ
ĲȻüû
ϾǷѴӵĵ̣˼ҶûأԼҲͲ˵ʲôˡ
ȻԼһǧһʲô١
˵ߴүܹˣܳԵࡣ
˼죬ñ죬Լ͵ܡ
˱Ҳ㣬ΰڳüͷҲû˵ʲô
ΰ񿴼˱ߵܹЦݣӳˣ
˱ͷҲû̧Ѹΰ񵱳ɿҴҳ˼ڣ()ߴ
ʱԱһ̻ʣ˭ҲԸǰʳ
һߵĸΰεվһԣڳԱ˾ͻˡ
ΰ£׼͡
ĲȻʱҽ()ݣŷѴȥʩֳ
ǻǺ¡
͹˱ľ룬ҲǲԶ
ĲȻ˱֮ǰĬˡ
˹Ͼǳ̣ƮԶ
ĲȻ룺ǸԼϾأʱðһѣǵðĽ򿪲ɡ
Ĳһ
ʽ٣ɫζȫһʳ()
һˣ˫Ѽ
жԱһڣ˳ޣôộеȣֱûԡ
̧ͷӣ˶(ͦͦ)ãô˾û¿أ
ĲȻҲһӳ˳üͷȷѳԡ
Ҷ˼ЦЦæûü´һע⣡
ĲȻע⵽ΰ(qng)е㲻ȻǵͷǳԣϯԱߣһ
ΰ˵ʵİɣ
ΰһӵϣҡ
ƼĲȻеŵֱʵġ
Ҿ˵ͬĲˣζôô󣡡ֵ
ĲȻ˫Ѽȫùŵΰǰģԣ
ΰҪˣĲҽ´һע⣬Ҳˣ
ĲȻûзŹΰ񣺡´ΣȰ˳˵㳤ѵ
ĲȻ((Ʊ))£ΰɥüԼĲȥϵı(qng)Ҫḻжḻ
˼ڣ¡
ĲȻٸ̻ȥ
ΰϽסԼӣӲͷƤʣᶼˡ
Ұ԰ɣһ룬ŷڴڵ£ôʳģ˷ˡ£ܳǷˡ
ΰмĿӣãͷԴͣ
ĲȻ˸ΰһۣˣ´εģ
ĲȻڽͷԷĹ˱·ոշһж޹ء
ʲô˼䱩
֪֪Ƕһı
ӣֲĳˡ
ŵģҵᣬǵ((Ʊ))˵ﻰɡ
𿴹˱޶ãȴƵġ
ԭΪԼĲȻڷѴӴȥسˡ
ĳ룬()()ûأࡣ
ΰ񣬾ǵУ׷ӣ()Լ޲һˡ
ԼѸΰߣӿԼԴˡ
˱һ뵽Щ¶ͷҪըˣװһνģ
ĲȻվڹ˱ǰһ()Եĺϣ֡
ϴҳȥ̡֧ϣָϽ()̾ߡ
Һһȥ˱ûпĲȻ
˱ĲȻ̧
Ĳҽ(qng)𣿡˱ڿۿĲȻ
ĲȻĿŹ˱ûлػ
ҵ̡˱קźϣ֣ȥ
Ĳҽ绹ŷѴӳȥ𣿡ĲȻҪ׷Ϲ˱ΰ
ʲô¶ĲȻ˵
Ҳһȥΰ
ȥʹ˱˵꣬ĲȻ¸ΰ񣬻Ϣˡ
ˣ͹˱Ͼ(qng)ûˡ
ʱлĥɡ
ļԲ(r)С
ԱĸΰΪ⣬˳ڿս׼
Ѽһ£ΰʼԼй׽
ȻǲغŮ֮(qng)֡
󱳣ֱӽ첲ĲӣŪ()ڡ
ڼΰ졣
ΰ񣬸ŷѴӳԿͣ˼죬ֿʼִţԳүɫ
ҪõģűҪĲȻյ
һΣĲȻҫĶ˵ʲôͲǮ
һ
˵Ŀֺ̬һĲȻеĸ߽ص
ʱһɷ֮ڶ𣬴ĳޡ
ĲȻ룺ԴǰݰѰͻƿڣ(to)ҳ߽֤
ӯĴˣͽȥĵطͷ֮ޡ
ԶwеҽԺ˿ǰδеΣС
ⳡΣʼٸߣĲȻ֮ǵĸ߽
ĲƽɽԺڣ겻ⲽ
Զ()ֵɽͣ硣
ղֽӵֳ񸱾ֳĵ绰ʾĲȻ¡
Ҳ˵ҪĲȻҽʦִҵʸ
Ժɲˡ
ٻ⼸ɵþͷ
ǰҽԺҽҩΪ浽Эᡣ
Эͷ(qng)α
˵ݻìͷָĲȻ
˵ֻҪͲٸЭ
һЩ˼ԿظĲȻΪ˵ʲôרУͲѼҪദ
һ׮׮һӿĺˮ㳯Ĳƽɽӿѹ
ͻȻеĿеʹΡΡ˳룬˺ҩ׼ͣҽԺԺ֮ǰǰﲡ˼ֹˣ˵һҪǴĲҽֵúףȥ
ĲƽɽһҩƬӦڵϡ
()ڣ˵ָ˳Ű칫͵ȥ
˺Ժôˣ
ǰһڣʧȥʶ

61.

ʱ, ӳĲƽɽ۵׵һƬϤİɫ
ԼҽԺ
תͷ, ŲԶŲεʾǡ
лʿϲĺԺ, ѹˣ
Ĳƽɽ˾䣺ʲôʱˣ
˺㡣Сʿش
Լεǰ, ǵʱָŵ㣬(r)ߺš
Ҳ˵Լ˽ʮСʱ
ԼĲ(qng)أȻôʱ䡣
ʱҽҲˣ, ԺҽĲƽɽС˼ꡣ
Ժ, ˡǻ׼ǲӦý
Ҳǲ֪, Ľʹëεȷˣûмʱҩŵµġ㿴ĵͼ, λ䣬ûʲô󰭣Ĳƽɽ˵
ʲô, ׷ʵµĲ˼û
ҽ̾, Ժ˵ʲôá㶼ˣ⹤ϵ, ɣ
, ôܰİԺԺô, ҶҵȥҽԺô죿
ҽĲƽɽ˸ͷ, øЩԺҿҪΪĲҽ((co)co)İɣ
Ĳƽɽ۹˴⣺ĸĲҲ֪Ȼʲôط
ԺҪҸĲҽ绰
ǧ𣡡Ĳƽɽ֣Ҳģ
ҽ뿪ʱĲƽɽģ⽻һ䣺ǧ
ҽӦúúõģת()ҵĲȻȥһദñȽϺõͬ£ĲƽɽסԺ(qng)
ȻĲȻֱͬӾͽ绰ĲȻ
ӵ绰ʱĲȻ͹˱ҰϢ
Լεأסˣæ̾Ųȥ˵绰
裬ҰڸʲôҸ绰ôӣ
ҽԺϰడûɡ绰ͷ˼Ĵ
裬ˡ˸ң˵ҰεסԺˣ
绰ͷĬһ𣺡ֲøģ˵㵣ģ
ĲȻü裬²ң˵ġ裬úչҰ֣ϻ
ͳ̾ͨ绰ĲȻָԶڱĲȥ绰:磬εסԺˣɻϻ
ͨ껰˱ͷѴ˴к
£ҾͲˣ
˵գͲĴҴҵ뿪ʩֱֳ;վȥ
˱ĲȻ()ߣղ̾źĲĻ˶С
֮ǰĲƽɽyҽԺʱҲҴȥɼһҹϵǳá
ͷˡ
ʮĲƽɽһҸչ˵úܺã֮Ҳĸ(qng)
ҪԺĲˣϼף(r)ӿ϶Ҳĸá
˱ΪĲȻˣĵȴôҲ˲
Žӵеȥ()ӰôҲ᲻
˵ףԼ᲻ӵġ
ûа취ΪӵҸҲֻԼĸ(qng)ˡ
˱ôվĲȻԶȥþòԸ뿪
ʢĵĵ۶ûһ˿ƲʣߵֵϣƤһͻɹڡ
Ƿ׷׶ڴпյĸ¥ڣҳݰ벽
ĲԼŮССڣĵȴĵ
ڸղţӵĲȻĵ绰׼С绰
ǵСķѵнᣬȥĸ
ԼһֱĸڹûнŮСͬӵ¸ǣλᣬӦС˹ϵˮʱˡ
ϰһֱԼ֣Ҫ֪Լ˸ȦŮѣðԼϳŰ
ʱСֱ۶زȥҽԺϰ֣úñֱ֣û׼Լĸܵͬˡ
ȵʱ֣ȥ˵绰ʲôʱѵ
3㡣
Ҫһ¡
Ĳ׼ڣͱ绰ͷСˣ
ҲҪ㣬һ˵ɣ
СܻĲûаѸղ˵ڡ
Ҳ֪СҪԼ˵Щʲôѵ׼Լȥζȼ١
пܣô(r)Ļܱƣɳ𣬺(i)һտ(r)ԡͺ
ȸײתֱӴwбţĺ֮á
ûãСص˳ⷿ
һţĲͽС§ڻ촽ȥ
СתͷãƿĲ磬ŷ磺
(r)ˣһ()
ѵô಻ࣿ
ĲɳݸС(r)˰ɣԳ
Сûнӣ()ֱʣ㲻ż˵˵ɣ
Ĳ罫ԼסԺԼԼĴ㣬ȫС
ʱСţһδ
ĲΪСͬԼȥˣ˵
Ҫûбİţҵ¾ͶɻƱͻȥ㿴ô
һֱͷС̧ͷĲ磬мһֱ㣬ȴʼûô˵
Ĳ翴СӣЩӦʲô
ǣǷְɣ
䲻Ĳȴ˵һ飡
˵ʺϣְɣ
ĲЩҡΣòײסСʵ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ㣬ʵֲҵԱΡλϰ忴ңԸʸϷѵĻᣬһҲҵġѡ
Ĳҧ˵ƭңҲͬ⣡
СƽĿĲ磺磬Ǻˡ̫̫ˡʵ㣬ѵʱҾѾͬˣ
һ仰ֱӽĲ
ϣֱУСʲôʱߵĶ֪
ѹݺݵĽԼСĺӰڵϣѳĶ˸һͿ
ãűͷڵ
Ĳֱ˵ķɻƱصwСؼҺֱӣԼ˭Ҳ
ĲȻֱȥҽԺĲƽɽûд󰭣ŷ
Ĳ绰ȴʼû˽ӡ
ô£ѵڷɻϣ
ĲȻû̫࣬ȵĲƽɽιҩ˻ʿ䣬׼ؼ·
صңȴ̾ѻɳϣ۾ҡ
ô裿㲻𣿡
̾ſĲȻݣͳջˣ
°裬ôأĲȻЩ⣬Ŀų̾š
ǻˣɽҴкͽңڻûҽҲӦ
ԭ˵ղôӵ绰
裬żһԣĲȻߵĲǰʹţ
磬쿪ţȻ
ǱߴĴϢһẰң
Ĳ磬ٲţŲҰ߿ĲȻв
Ĭã˿Ŵˡ
һƬǽ壬·˦õ()϶ǣϣżľƿ
վĲȻǰĲ磬ȥƵ˺
ͷɺ죬ҡҡλεվ
磬㾿ôˡĲȻĲ磬()£Լ˸ڶ档
̾ҲһǵĸĲ磺ô£
Ĳ촽һԡ
ĲȻ̾ŵͷ裬ȳȥɣҸ̸һ̸
Ĳӣ̾Ҳֻõͷʱ˳ֽŴϡ
ˣھң׷ʲô£˵ɣ
ĲȻסĲ֣Ŀ㲵ѿն۾

62.

ӣҸоҵĶή, ʲôҲ˵, ʲôҲɡĲһ޿
վ, ʲôˣ׷ʲôĲȻûпֱӵͷȡ
()ԴĲ̧ͷ, ʧˣ
϶£ĲȻŪôһ¡
, ȷС˵Ƿ
Ĳ磺ѵһƭ㣿
ĲȻ磬Ů, ֵ
Ĳ磺᲻
ĲȻץסĲ첲磬ô, ң϶ҵõģ
Ĳ̧̧첲, ðοңӡ˵ǲǺʧܣôزסС
磬뿪, ʧҪǷ, 赣ĳʲôĲȻĲ, 磬, ҺͰ趼ǿĺܣ
ĲжĿĲȻ, ã, ˣ
ȰĲ()ϢĲȻ˿
õû̾Ȼʮֵġ
İ裬Ȱ˯ˡúٰοοƾûʲôˣĲȻ˵꣬׼ţһҽԺҰȥ
ڼҺúϢɣջˡȥ̾ŽסĲȻ
ĲȻ̾ЦЦ裬()û£ҪϢİɣǱң㲻Ҫģ
֪Т˳Уȥְɣҿ磡
ļ죬ĲȻҽԺͷܡ
չĲƽɽͷĲɢ̸ģһ((co)co)֡
һ죬ĲȻĲȥɢ̾ŸĲƽɽ˸绰
ĲжÿԳԺ
øڰɡ
Ȼˡ
ţɲǣҴ򷹣ҳԷͷðοǲĶӣ
Ĳ£̾ڽҪ˵˵˳
Ϸˣ¾˵Ĳƽɽڲ()ϣ΢˶()ӡ
֮ǰ㲻Ǹ˵ĲȢǶµȻȻǼңҲһֱ
ԣ˵ôˣ
ĥţǸѴӳú̸һ̸ҪپۼȻˣҸղſȻֻҵչ˵ĶӳͨѶ¼Ҹ㷢
Уҵ¾ʹ򡣶ˣţʦúһʣûѪԵϵòܽ顣
֪ˣ
˵绰̾룬Լλѧͬѧʦ
˷绰ҵͬѧֻ롣
ι
ȥ󣬹һ˻Ӧλ
̾ţ
Ǿͬѧãüûϵ»ĺŰɣ
ϴͬѧۻᣬǰˣ֮󣬳̾Ŷֻ˵绰š
ʦһ£̾˵
໨¾ܷԸ绰ͷˬʵЦ
꣬̾ſǰ༶ķһֺͻǵʱе(qng)ˡ
ʣǱ˼ҵŮҪĸӽ飬ڷ(yn)(yn)ô죿
(qng)ڻǲ(yn)ġһҪ飬Ǽ˽ϵ
Ŷԭлл㣡
ͬѧæȹһwǵͬѧ޳ԶٷʱһҪ͹⣡
ԣûһȥ̾ò𸴣Ȼ˵绰
̾ЩͷۣϵúĲȻڿ϶ǲеģȵ׸˱˹ϵ˵
ֻȵĲƽɽ绰Ľˡ
˱ںӵɻʱյһwе磬İ롣
ֵĿһۣ룬ǽ˵绰ãλ
绰ͷ˶ӳãĲƽɽ
ã˱ͷһô绰ѵӳʲôˣ
ڷ˵𣿡
Եһ£˱סֻϣֳָֺһ£ȥӸ绰
ϣİɣӳϣֽӹ˹˱ֳֻ
˱һ߳Աߵߣһ߶ֻ˵ã˵ɣôˣ
⣬Ȼô
˱һĲĿĺڣش
(ͦͦ)ãҽ߳Ϊ˴󷽡
ʵյĲҵʱ򣬲绰ͷ渵
˱ҵµʯͷǾ
ȻǸ()(qng)ʮֹƧŮյҼҵļҹͲ()ϡǽǣ
ȥοʮֿܣǲҪܡ
ʱ򣬶Сѷͻȭߣҧ
Ҫ(qng)ɲСô¡
绰ͷֽͣͣŽҺ;һֱϤĵΪȶԼӻáǸõķ䣬õ·õѧУ
ҵֽҽԺԼնڸҲΪҽԺɫҽ
ҺĲȻûб뷨ϣ(r)ӹҸ
˵ڸһ׼(r)ӡ
ãڵ()ݺ룬ܱ֤Ҹԣһ׵壬ŹŮ
˱ţ
Ĳ˵꣬һ䣺ˣ
š
ǺãǣҴûȥŮҲûҪ׷Ů˵䲻ĻŮԼңûû˵Ĳңҡ
˱һһ٣ԣҷŹŮӦȰŮŹң
ˣҹæͲ˵ˣټ
˱Ҷϵ绰Ѿ()Ҫγˮ
Ĳƽɽû뵽˱ӦôǿӲֱǺһְһ󣬲Ҫطಡ
ö֣Ӻˮ˼ҩ(qng)ƽ
Ĳƽɽ(qng)̾Ŵȥ绰ղź͹˱ĵ绰
̾ŷǳ˱̫ԼŮôϲ
ʱĲȻĲҲˡ
˸кĲȻȥҽԺչĲƽɽȥˡ
ĲȻ뿪ңĲ׼ݣ̾Žסˣ
磬һ¡
Ĳת()ʲô£裿
㣬Թ˱ӡ̾ſĲ硣
Ĳɳ£裬ʲô
ֱ˵Ŀɣ
ôǳҸӴΣûʲôӡ󡣵һ̫һĿ˵ģףڶҲҪһ㣬̬ȲáҪô(i)ҪôȥûۼҵС˵չˣ
Ҫô˵ˡĲĻ̾Ű¾ģһԼıŮǴ׵ķѴӳһ
Ĳ(qng)ǲ̫ã̾û˵()ˡ
̾һĲȻ£Դ˵Ҳû̫⡣
Ĳƽɽ˵绰ĲԹ˱۸Ĳƽɽ
ĲƽɽͬնȻܺǴ³Ĺ˱һʲôһҵŮôһ̬ȶԴǱŮ̫ˣ̸ַģղųȥˣҸ̸
µ绰Ĳƽɽ߲ѣһ˿ƫһӶӡ󲻺ã˵϶ʲô˱⡣
ȻǹϣǸ˱סˣ׹һκǿԵĸ(qng)С
θ(qng)ܼ쵶ն飡

63.µ

ĲȻٽʱ, (), ()ܲӣǰѯʣ
֣ô, ˭
Ĳƽɽģ
ĲȻû뵽Ĳƽɽô˵һʱȻסˡ
ع, ׷ʵΪʲô
Ȼ, ǲһֱǸѴӳһ𣿡
ԣôˣ
˵ôˡȻ̸(i), ҲԣҪ˸ĺ, һ˫޳ɡ
ǣ㿴㣬ܹߵȽ, ôȥô˵ѣ, ̫ʧˣĲƽɽ˵꣬תһߡ
֡ĲȻַסĲƽɽļ, ˵, , ȱ, Ϊʲôô˵˱
Ȼ, 粻һ, 졢£ôԸ(qng)¾ͷͿˣְְ˵ǹ˱һûϢײˣһйͬ𣿡
УûҪԶٿ࣡
깤⣬ãһɼңжʱչ˼
˵ˣѴӵĹжΣӦ֪޸ˣ͵øĵ
кˣô죿һչ𣿡
ĲȻĲƽɽһˮ֣ʵѴӵĹҲû˵ôˣϾִеˣУ֪ôӡôƣ֪ʵһϵָĺˣ
ҲȡٸҽţҾͰȸˣ
ĲƽɽƿĲȻˮ㲻ƽΣգҲͬ⣬ǹ˱ҼžͲǶŮ˺õˣҪ޸Ҫܶ۸
֣ļģĲȻϽʵ
ܣҿСӾһʼ͵ˣĲƽɽܿĲȻ̽ѯĿ⡣
ĲȻЦЦ֣ѵ𣬻Ҳ
ҾǿߣҪ֣͸뿪򡭡ȿȡ
û˵꣬Ĳƽɽ()ؿ
ĲȻûٿϽĲƽɽĺ󱳣˸Ĳƽɽǰ()
Ϊ˵ȥĲƽɽϾԲ()
ʵĲƽɽװҲǱ˱˵Ļˡ
ΪŮԼ˵ˣǿ˼䣬ʣû
ˣ֣((co)co)ģúɣ
ô˵ǴӦˣĲƽɽΪԼȰ˵Ч۾һ˿⡣
ţĲȻҴҵͷ
ĲƽɽŮ֣ĵ⻹࣡
ĲȻֻΪĲƽɽģʵĻҪ͹˱
˵¶ʮƥ
ǣ췹ɵĲƽɽǲӦ
˵ĲƽɽӴ˱ˣӡ϶Ťת
ĲȻĲƽɽιҩ󣬾͸뿪ˡ
((co)co)ֱĲƽɽķԣ˱̬ȣĲȻеδйᡣ
ųصĲ˼ţӭ(r)()裬Ҳ(i)ȵһϡ
ǳ̾׼ģ
Ů⼸æˣúЪЪ
ĲȻ룺ǵԼ
ӹɳϣһڡ
Ȼһ仰ҡ֡ô̾ſĲȻ()裬װʵ
ð⻹˵϶õˣ
ǻԲ𣿡
̾ôʣĲȻ͵̧ͷϽصȻˡ
裬ôô˵
ȻǣǵľҪȰһ仰㲻Ҫ˱ѣһǲҸġ
ĲȻû뵽̾ҲҪȰ˱ֿ
ʵûҲٱʲôˣĸȰ˵
̾Ŵӳ()()(i)һֱͥԼΪ֤ˡ(i)(qng)ǻͼͥһ۵㣬Լĸ(qng)
Ȼҡǹˣ(i)(qng)ȻãջҪعʵǴˣϣúÿǣ
ĲȻûԣҲԡ
Լ̫ˣʵ᲻Ǹ
ͷ裬㣡ЩˣȻطϢϢ
ҵĻȥû
ȥˣ
³ϣڿ(())
̾Щδ
ؼĲȻ̬Ȳʣ֪ͬԼ˵ģѹû¡
ĲȻط̾æĲƽɽ˵绰
ĲȻô˵ģ
Чҿֱͷ˵Ŀˡ
̾ż˵ĲЩõԤУĲȻǸ˱һ𡣡
ֻмӽٳȻĻ£׶Թ˱롣
ôӽ
뿴ʲôð취û
öҲץ
ӻ˽⣬һСŮ(qng)
ˣ˸⣬ǶڼʱˮµȻǰѷһأɷչ췹㿴ô
̾Ҷüⶼʲô⣡ίȻ𣿲вСٶĸ(qng)Ըɣ
⼸쾭ĲȻͿĲ罥ʧʹ˳
ףԼôʹ࣬ôǷϣСҲ֪ͷ
ĺȾԼͷز˸(qng)ֻԼģü˵ġ
ʱ򽫸(qng)һҳȥӭµĿʼˡ
Ĳܵһ꣬ԼͷƮݵĳͷԥķˡ
ƽͷ˺ӣԴȥ
ĲȻټĲʱһ磬ôоˣ
Ȼô˵أҾȥ˸
ĲȻϸһ᣺˵ôһ治ȥģˡ
ǣҪ죬ӵ죡ĲָֻǷ(())(i)ɵ()ӡ
ĲȻ֪Ĳʧ߳ˣԵΪˡ
룬磬ȥԶٴͣ
ð㣬лл߳Ұʱ⡣
˸磬ôգһƤ˵ˣ룡ĲȻɵĶ˵
ĲȻڷʫ˲͡
ﻷرţţζʮڡ
ĲȻ˼ɫĵ˿ȹ˶̿ĺɫ(to)
Ĳ()ɫ()()ɫ㡣
˷ֱ˳⳵Ԥʱ䳯˹ȥ
һ˷׷ײĿ
ããŮʿԤԼ𣿡
ǰ̨ߣһԱ˽ţϽܹϹʵ
Уa8ĲȻòĻش
ϸĲȻ˼ǲĸչġ
˴Ԥλ߽λ£͸ȥˡ
һߣ˵λʵʲô
ĲȻӹ˵΢ɨһۣţţһݣ˷죬hţСݡҪʽˮ߲ɳ
()Ĳ磺ôвУ
̫ˣȻ˵ʵڵģ̫ʢˣ
ĲȻЦЦ͵ǸӷˣжûһúóԷˣȰ()峹׺ˣһٺúóԶٷ
Ĳпǰȥһξͺüˡ͸һһ㡣˵ˣ±cheers
cheersĲȻƣĲһ¡
˻ི˽ԼЩľЦЦǵΧ˺Ŀ
ˣ˵ˣ㿴ӰˣĲȻסЦ˸ղŵĻ⡣
ƽĲʵȻ˵ʵǲǶǹ˱кøУ
磬˵ǣ˵ʵҸоֵһ׷ˡ
Ȼ̸(i)ҲԡǼνӴҷֹ˱治ô̫䵭ˡҪôղ½ߵһҲ㲻ãĲҲ˵Լﻰ
ĲȻ֪ĲͲ˽Լ͹˱Ƕζʱ(qng)꣬ûнֻͣǵ˵
磬㿴ֻǱ档ﻹҵġⱲҾ϶ˣҾͲޣ
Ĳ翴ĲȻᶨһʱҲ֪Ȱʲôˡ
ʮƣΪʲôһ۸ڶãԱ׷мһ˵ıɽˣôôϲ˱
ʵڲ⡣
Ǹˣ
ų˭ǷǮƵģƵã
ĲȻҪȥҽԺչĲƽɽûг̫ãʹҴҽˡ
Ĳ絽ҽԺ͸׸պѼ䣬ͱĲƽɽҽ֧ĲȻʼĲ繤ϣȻĸ
ĲŸ߶߶УĶͷקˡ
ȻôãɲûҪȻǹ˱ˣԺͱؼˣĲƽɽǺˡ
ˡĲ
Լã϶ĵģͷ̫ˡ
ò׳ҽԺĲ粻Ըؼңûʲô˼
ǰļҲæģ档
һʱ֮䣬ĲЩĿڽš
ȥɲУҵҪ÷裡
ˣȥyأ
һ·Ѵӵ£лῴܼܲȥ
֪֪˰ս
Ƚ˽˽˱ʲôԭܰԼߵҶҪˡȻټ£(qng)һС𻨣ѿС
Ĳ뵽ؼ˵·Ǯֱվȥ
ǡ2ȥyصĻ𳵣ϣĲˡ
˻𳵣еһ˿˷ܣ֪ڵ
ˣ

64.

Ĳ翴Ŵľɫ󵹡
ƻ, ȥˮ(qng), μѴӡ
ʵڲУȵ񹤶С
ôһĹ, yصˡ
Ĳ˻𳵣Ⱥ˻վ
yλڽͨҪ, 븽Ĵжܽ
Ŀ˲٣дתȥκε, سԵʮ(r)֡
Ĳһ·, ˮȥ
ˮſڵΧǽϣĲ緢һƸ¡
Ĵսһ, ʱ˵
ⲻƸѴԱô
ȥƱԭΪԼùĺˮû뵽ʱת
ĲĬ
ȫṫƸѴרҵӶԱڱࣩƸΧ£һԭ, ڸ(r)(i)ɭѴһרҵйطɡ, һĹ
Ƹ¶ԱĻ()ϸ涨
Ĳ£һһռ, Լ, ͷһϲⲻǸԼ()
ĵĿ˴ԺƸڵء¥Сȥ
ƿţĲһ£(())(())ģֻһӺ졣
ĲΪԼߴˣ׼˳ʱ, ˷
С, ߣӦƸѴԱ𣿡
Ĳ缱æͣסŲԣ
ڵǸݵʮµ, Żɫװ
ճ򣬿ʼĲԣ޷ǿ˿()֤Ĳѧְ
˵wпϵĴѧǵ۶ѧװ̧
ѽʲô⣿
ûûУЩ棬ĴѧƴѧģôСطķѴӣϸƸ֪Ѵʲô֪𣿡װʮֺ棬׳˼⡣
Ĳûװڶ棬̧۷ʣҾѵУ
һֱĬһλĿ٣ڿʵûнӰɣ
˵ʲô
˵ûб̾лͽ̹
⻰ʲô˼ҿ𣿡ĲЩˣҪеļѴӣ͵÷ȥ
װϽԲСᡣƸУҲôһǾʣ⻳ģ

һ̸󣬻װĲ⡣
ԱߵĿٽ񣺡ҿ¼ã
װӹİóһű
Ĳǰɣűǩ֣ʽϰˡ
ĲЩԼĶ䣺ô죿
׷ʵǶλ;ˣҪϼ쵼ʾ
װЦЦԣܾˣϰʱ8ӡ㵽¥322Ĺ֤ȻйԱɵλ񡣡
Ĳû뵽ӦƸ˳ʱЩκ
Լô˷ѴһԱ
ˣˣҸطĳԶٷϴ裬쾫ϰȥ
ܿ쵽˵ڶ죬ĲžͷøɸɾŹİȥˮˡ
¥322λϳɫߵ˽Ӵ
֤Ĳ()ݣɫн֤͹Ĳ磺
ĶȵѴʵϰ½ʣ꣬Ҿ˴ȥǣ
Ѵӣʲôط
l򡣡
ǹ˱Ǹ𣿡Ĳǰһ
ԡôʶ˱ɫкʡ
˵ģӢ
Ĳеⲻѡ
˯ͷôȥ˱ǣ˸䵽ȥˣ
ĲɫУŸˡ
ɫкԱߵСֹûӦƸô˸߲ҵġǼ֧Ѵ۵ġСҪȥƾЦˡ
Сʣ磬ҿ걨μӷѴӵԽԽٰϸߵλμƸĶʮˡ
ǰѴӷ̫󣬴ͣȷôˡ˵ʵߵСǴйĴѧҶΪʲôҪμӷѴӡ
ӿˣ÷ѴԱ(ͦͦ)ģҲ֪ѴǸʲôģŰɣҸҴģ˶þͻᳳҪߣ
ɫкһλĹԱĲȥ˱Ǳˡ
һ·ϣĲò뾡ܶĻȡѴӵϢ
ϴδʱ̫̣ѴӶ̫˽⡣
˶ӳ˰ɣ(ͦͦ)õģƢ˵㣬ˡȥĿǧڿ㣬ͷ㡣ȻЩֵܣǺõû˵
ţ֪ˡĲ簵룬Ǵ()()һǱӣԼȷСġ
Ĳ絽ʱ򣬷Ѵӻûл
صӭ˳Ĳһ㶣ķѴԱ㰡û뵽
ĲЦЦԺҲǷѴһӣգ
İɣǷѴ˶ܺõġǶӳЩҲΪá
˵䣬Ѵӻˡ
(r)˱ǻʱһ()һ()࣬ȥһ
Ĳ磬˱ǰ
ӳһ£Ƿֵʵϰ¶ԱĲ磡
˱ԶͿĲүƼ䣬˵ʵϰģüô㣿
˶ӳãԺˣ˱ӲͷƤк
˱һûչ֣ˣгԿ׼ߣ
С˱ֿĲ磬Ȼ
ԭʶ̫ˣʡҽˣģˣ
ϣǰø첲סСĲӣˣԹߣ
ˣһȥ¡´λس㣡СǸ뿪ˡ
Ĳǿˣ˱ûƵ
˵ĺʤĸӳģҿԳԿܹ࣬ȥ
ԺͿְɣ˱˵꣬ŤͷԸϣ֣ȴϤϤ͸ߣ
ӳ⡭ϣֿĲ磬ɫĸ׵ţп㡢ϴ˹˶ЬһδģЩΪѡ
ʲôʹ˱˺ϣһۡ
ϣһǺðɣ͸Ρ
ԹĲĲȻֻӣһ¡
绰ͷеʵȥˣҸڻ˵ȥѼסһ绰ӣ
yأźŲã
ʲôyأȥǸʲôĲȻһûӦ
Ҵ绰ģҲμӷѴˣڹ˱һ顣
˵ʲô绰ͷȻߣĲֻڵء
Ĳ罫ֻԶһ㣺𼤶еģ׼ȥѴӶ
û£ȥѴԱǲ֪ʲôǰɣ
ӣҲȥ棬ҾȥȥˣǷѴҿӲ࣬Ͷȥǵ˼û뵽ˣ˳μӡû뵽ڹ˱ӣ˵ɲɣ
ˣ֪ˡҲ֪ôġҪô˵ĲȻû˺
͸˵˵ҳȥɢˣĲ룬˸ɡ
Լ绰˵ȥˣѴӹ(ͦͦ)࣬Լౣأ
˵绰ĲȻʵڲģָ˱˵绰ȥ
˵Ҹȥˣ
ԣˡ
ҸСûԹ࣬ڼʱӶϴûɹʲô𿴳˸ʵûʲôչչĲȻ˸
˱ԥľܾ
ѴӾͲүĵطȻҪ϶˳Կ׼ģһúչǸϸҪչˡһȶԱĶԱϸ񣡡
˱㾿ʲô˼ĲȻ̧
ûʲô˼ҵԭ򡣡˱˵
ңԭʲô
ûҪ㡣
ԭǲ(qng)𣿾ʱĻ鶼𣿡
ĲȻΪ(qng)ۣԼû˵ʲô((co)co)ģʱⳳĪȰȰǱ̸ǻؼңˣҹæټûĲȻڣ˱͹Ҷ˵绰
˱ĲȻúǵ绰Ƕֻæ
˱ⲻ(qng)Ļ쵰
Ĳ磬˵ҪȥĶУǵƤӵ£
Ͳʡģ
ĲȻоͷҪըˡ

65.

˱Ȼ֮ǰ˵, úáչˡһĲ硣
(r), Ĳ̫±, Ĳֱܵ°ĭ
Ĳ粻ҵ˱ɷѴӵĻ, ֲģ
˱俴һۣ֪֪ѴԱйĻ֮ϡ켸ҹ, ûкõ, (ͦͦ)ס
˱һ, ָָϣ֣ܿԣֻҪӮ
ָԶ֣ܵǣһӣӮ˺ϣ֣ԺܾͲøˡ
ϣֿð, ϾҲûɹ
˱ô, 㻹ˮҸϣ֣˻ҿ͵, 㿴ôʰ㣡
Ĳһ¾룬һӣԼôҲ֮һ
Ҫǻ, ԼҲǲ˵ˡ
һҧ˵ģܾܣ
ϣͬ(qng)۹⿴Ĳ磺С, ӳǰ, Ǿû취ˡ
Ĳ͹Լ۾ľ롣
һӹȥ, ԼȻûܹķ֮һ۵ˡ
һ룬˺׷ˣ׷ˣ
ĲһԼٶȾȻ˼֡
ֻǺϣһ󼲷磬ķ֮ͳ
ȻԽԽֻʣһ硣
ʵںϣֳԼʱĲ׼
Թ˱űԼӵ
ĨһѺǿǿ嵽Ŀĵأһͷڵϣˡ
˹ȥ
ʱԼڴ¡
û°ɣϣѯʡ
ĲоԼҡҡͷû£
˱ҲˣĲûд󰭣ޱ(qng)ˣ
ļ죬Ĳźϣ֣ܣ紩źķСϻѧϰѴ֪ʶͼܣ۵Ĳ缸մ()š
Ĳе֫ʹҪ()嶼Լˡ
ĲȻ಻ԣȴԸԽԽ¡
Ȼҧ
ı֣Ҳõ˷ѴµĹĿ࿴
ǿүôѵӦ춼ֲ
˱ȴûɿڣȻŻĥĲ硣
ĲȻĲ٣ºȴԽԽԾ
֪ǰѴԱĹǿȵģ˱˵ҪĲӴǿȣͿ϶
Ĳܾܲܵˡ
Ĳ绰ʱƣ(qng)ʱȴԵúܲͷ
Ȼģ(ͦͦ)ס
û˵䣬ʹҴҹ˵绰ȴĲȻӵġ
ĸʵ(qng)˵
Ĳƽɽһʱ͹۲죬ȬԳԺˡ
Ȼʱ򣬱̾Ÿ֪Ĳȥˡ
ĲƽɽЩ⣺
Сӣһ첻ҵ棬ͲܺúýͶҵ𣿳Ϲ䣬ֺУҲѧã Ȼʮ֮һĶ£Ҿոˣߣȫߵģ
̾˱()裬˸ĲƽɽȻ˵˸Ůѣˣ(qng)áȥ͸͸Ҳã
ĲƽɽֱҡԴŮû˾ҪҪģϢŰţ͹Ӱɣһڵģ
ĲȻûصңĸ̸Ĳ磬룬ǽʵǣ
֣裬ĲûȥΣμӹȥˣ
ֱ̾㲻ȥ𣿡
裬Թңû˵ʵĲ籨μyصķѴˣҸǣǵģұ˸ȥεĽڡ
Ȼ֪ˣСӣ㳤ˣĲƽɽȴܸˡ
̾ŰĲƽɽһۣôֵ𣿲֪۶ӡ֪Ѵж࣬ȥģΣգ
Ĳƽɽ˰֣˾͸ȥ꣬ĲС()Ե(ͦͦ)ã
̾ţˣ˵ˣͽһȥ
̾ųڳʰʱĲ˸绰磬ʲôѴӸˣΣգͼʲôأ
Ĳ֪ԼѾ©ˣȴҲͬȥ裬Ȱˣǲȥģ
⺢ӣôôأ̾û뵽붼û;ܾˣǲ
ѽ裬ҵĵˣ˵ˣҪɻˣĲ˵绰
̾ЩģȴҲ޿κΣӳˣԼ˼ά뷨ҲԼȰˡ
ͷøĲȻôܰĲȰ
Ĳ(r)ȴԽԽá
ھѵ(r)󣬹˱ٶ((Ʊ))ôˡ
˱û뵽⿴ˣȻ˴ȥ
Ĳ¡
ѴԱĳϦദǶĲӡĹۡ
˾ãǰλүҲԵԼֵܡ
ģǿʼĲ磬һɻһЦ
⼸ѴӵӴĲҲдࡣ
Ѵӵ(r)ȻȻۺۣȴú塣
ر·ϵοʺ͵лʱ÷ѴܵĿۣȫֵ˻
ѴԱܿ(i)
ȻҲ⡣
Ǿǹ˱
˭ȥԼõķģһϧӡ
ҳ˱㣬һƵС
ֹһܣĲ罫ѴӵļϤ˸߰˰ˡ
Ը()Ĺ˱
˱ԥһ£ĲʮּᶨӦ
һʱŬӵٹ̽ڡ
ԵķѴӵĹҲӷ
˱ǽĲֵ˺ϣһ飬һ֪ĲԼǺ׽ǾʱĴĲϣ֮ĬӦøһЩ
˵ˣҲźϣֵ
˱ڰָǸɻȻԶ(ɧɧ)
пһ£ѵ˳ˡ
ȻԽﴫϣֽĺ
ӳˣĲӵҲû
˱ľϽ֯ѾȣϾ
ȻɱϣǱȥ
ȵֳϣѾĲˡ
ֻĲڵϣ۽գֽ
¿ֻ()һöʮ׳ĶѪȾͨ죡
˱ıӣ΢ĺԱߵĺϣֺ
ʲôϽˣ콫
Ȼһڹ˱ָ£Ĳ类СķϵܣȻ̧˳ڻС
˱ŤͷӡС֡˸ߣȥҽԺ죬ֻû٣ӵ
ôԼ˻ֺ棬Ĳһ
˱üͷĿʼû뿪Ĳ硣
ʺϣ֣ôһ£
ϣɫҰףһʱ䣬׼ùºӵĲԸȥûֹһ϶Աȥˡ
˭ϵȥʱŻһ£žӵС
ҽһտʼû£Ϊŵġɼ棬ûжžô²á
(qng)Ҳ֪ˣ
˱ָźϣԹ
ӣô˵ãĲȻѧòϾûʵʾ飬㵱ʱͼӦȥһи̣ǷѴôļ˽
ϣʹקͷϴ˵ˣڳӶˣ
˱һƵĶŻԲѵĲ磬˫ۣ촽ûһѪɫ
Ҳ֪ܲ(ͦͦ)ȥ
Ĳ簡Ĳ磬ǧ¶Լθӽ
ȰԼչʱԼǼԣ
˱ڿ˵ΪӵҸɿĲӡ
ҪġⲻֻδҸ

66.л

͵ҽԺļ, ҽĲĳ, Ŀ, Ź˱֣˵̫ûʩ, ǸϽҽԺɣ
˱ҽû˳ҽˣ, Ҫ
ҽֱ֣ΪǾͲҪⵢʱ, Ͻ͵ҽԺɣ
ۼĲԽԽ˱ȻԺϣǺ
ϽĲ̧ϻ, ߣ
ҽʵǸʿչһаɣ
ҽͷԣ
һ̤ȥyص·̡
˱ŸĻʿ򵥰һ£Ѫòôˡ
ǶԺϣ˵Ĳҽ绰ˣ
ֹɣ
˱绰ʱ, ĲȻԼĸƷ
ۼĲƽɽָò
׼ٸy, Լ
˵ʲô, ҲĲһֱڷѴӴš
ӵ˱绰ʱͷֲԤС
ˣҽԺ˱Ϣͬһ
һ, ĲȻҧʵҸôˣ
˱һ, Ӳĸʵ(qng), ǰ()ʮ׳Ƭղ͵ҽԺҽԺ
(qng)ô˿ڳѪ𣿡ĲȻһʵ
һֱԡ˵ҲûзӦʿ򵥴˿ڣѪûиղŶˡ
ھȥҽԺҡ
ûȹ˱˵ĲȻѸٹҶϵ绰
κˣĲδΪһƴ˭ġ
ʰöĲȻҽԺ
ţ⳵yҽԺҪ죡
һ·ϣĲȻͣشߴٳ⳵˾ЩٿЩ޲ϸϵҽԺ
ʱҽԺԺ͹˱ĵſڡ
ĲȻ³Ժ˹Ȼ̨׼ˣ͵
ƬûĲȻҴԺߡ
ˣx⣬Լ10cmƬβƬβ಻1cm
ĲȻüͷΣգԺ㽫ҶֺͻʿĵƬʱᣡ
ĲȻһСxƬʩչʱĲעϸһ顣
Ȼ˵·ң
۹ĲȻͼλҽʿһΧվ̨ǰ
ʦѽҩעĲ羲
һᣬĲƽȣ˯״̬Ĳϴֻʿͷʾ⣺
Կʼˣ
Ӱ£ĲȻָɣ·ֻȻһ塣
()Ĥпڣ¶Ƭ
Ѳػʿͣ㱨(qng)Ѫѹ100
Ѫѹ½20%120
ĲȻ侲ԸѪĲѪ
ϴֻʿĲȻ˲ͷϸܵĺ飬С
Աߵ˵ǰϸ΢Ĳڵ裬ΣնִݲȣŶɡ
֪Ƕֵķ緶
ֳѻȸֻĲȻż
ƬСĵĲ˳Աߵһ
Ѳػʿ˿ƽȣ˿ɹˣ
ĲȻϴֻʿ󣬶Դڽзϡ
ЩףȴʮȽʮӣͽ˿ȫϡ
ʱңѾȥСʱ
ͲȥicuءĲȻ˿Ը
ģȥicuŵĹ۲Ĳ󾵿
иҽȰϢϢȴҡҡͷҲģ
һվʮСʱֱڶ죬ĲȻ߳icu
ĲɹΣյġڡ˲ſɳ׷
˱ʱҲûϢĵȣֱĲȻicu
ĲȻӭȥĲȹˣ
ĲȻһۣ˵ͷȴоһѣΣֱֱȥ
ǰֻ˱ĺӣ
ʱĲȻԼѾ˲()ϡ
һͷ˱ۣԴ()ȥѾ˯ˡ
ĲȻĶ˱Ȼ̧ͷѪ˿۾ˣ
ĲȻ𵱳ڹ¶Ժ(qng)جξ֮ʱ˱Ҳô()ߡ
۷⣬ټƽ֮ǰ˱ĳͻû߿
˱ĲȻǸ£ҶԲ㣬ûչ˺ã
ĲȻڰ֣Ժ֮ǰ(qng)ˣ㣬Ҹ粻Сĵԭ򡣡
ͣһᣬĲȻ˵Ұ˵Ǿ仰ˣҽ߲ԾȡҽԼʱԼΪ̨ɵ˻İˣָоȫһ
һɲǣҾȻЩţ֮ǰδйġҸ綯ǰδеѹýҸȹˣ
˱ĲȻ֣ףúϢ˵㻰
ĲȻҡҡͷҪ˵ԴĲҺĲһֱܺãǰҵÿ¶ʱңʱοҡ
¶˾ģҪһӶҸá
Ҹ()֣ĺءȻҴ꣬ϣȴҵĵܵܡ
ڼҾãҸ羭()˲ǮѧУһЩĲͬѧˡǰҸ統ԩͷóԵģģʱֱҪǮǽ裬ȴûй黹ĲȻ䵱С
һȥҸͶһҵҵЩͬѧ((Ʊ))³ҪǮ
˵˵ţĲȻ
˱˵ȥץĲȻ֡
ĲȻûбܿԼСůġ
Ҿͳ䵱Ҹġ۸ҾǸɣЩıЩˣ۸˲ù
ȥ׷Σ붼û֧óҸչʱµԪǮ
ĲȻĿڹ˱()ڣҺۣĺۡĸôãֻܰ((Ʊ))ԼøáѧϰҪһҲҪһҲʧ
ĲѴӣ֪ΪҵԭҪˣҸûȥԴʤĸĸ
ĲȻ̧ͷ˿˱֪ҪҶлĲҵĴ
˱ὫĲȻ뻳УɵѾͷ㲻ôҪ͸ܶ˵ġĸҲҡ
滳ǰ˵Բů˯ãȴûôķ¡СʱԼ㳤󣬿һôԼȫĲһأ
˱ָᲦ˲ĲȻͷο
ҲǳɳĴ۰ɣӣ̫ˡ
ѵˮ㣬ĲȻͷһ£ᡣ
ĲȻо־Υůֻˣ૵ң
ι˱ûٿܣǽֱֽ˽
໥ˣô()ͷӴ͸˵()ϣ()Ӱӣڳһš

67.

֮ǰĲƽɽǵģĲȻȥʱûиȥ, ֻľ¸Ѽ, ͻء
Ĳƽɽͳ̾Ÿտʼû, ڶع, æȥ˵绰ʲô£
ĲȻɤЩ˻ƣ, , ˡҸո
Ϣ, Ĳƽɽų̾ϰϵyҽԺ
ػĲ紩Ųŷ()ϣ()ǰɫɫĵܡ
̾ŵʱܲס, һӣô˹ȥ
ĲѾܹ˵Ȱ, û, Ǳģ
, 㶼ˣ˵û£ ̾һǣЩˡ
û, 裬㿴Ĳ˵ĲȻס
, , ģĲȻ̾ŵ, ο
ţĲȻĲĲĸ˽Ĳ綯ǰľ
ĲҲŲ˵ʱҾûע⻬һ£Сĵӵож()ۣžʧȥ֪
Ĳƽɽͳ̾һú棬ϸڴϸѯһ
ĲȻһҽ̸ʱ򣬹˱Żʿˡ
ƼĲƽɽͳ̾ţȵĵһ仰ǣ
塢̣ĲҶԲסǣ
˵վ˸
ĲƽɽϽס˹˱ûֻ⡣
˱ʱѾð׼ˡ
û뵽Ĳ縸ĸûȰο
ڲſʼףΪʲôĲȻ˵ĸѹܴ
Դͨ(qng)ԴӾͲ֪жˡ
˱˽ĲȻСʱġ
ųƧ䱸ǿ(i)˽
ǰ졢šʸ׵ĲȻѽСʱϵǻһˡ
Ĳ(i)ڻеļⱳ󣬲֪Ƕڵĸ
ʩֻܸͿػر
ĸĸмλŮܹˣ
ͨ(r)ദδıʣЩ£Ĳ翴ˡ
˱Ѫ(qng)Ǹ(qng)еĺӡ
ȻĻЩĲȻ˱һ𣬵ѾŤת˶Թ˱ӡ
ȰȰ˱
ӳмңİɣѴӻһ̯µȥأ
ϾҲǷѴӵһԱԱˣӳԴ˱Ըôȥ
ĲȻעŹ˱ΪھΣȰ㻹ǻȥҪ̸ӳְ𣬷Ѵʮˣ벻㣬Ĳ磡Ӧûȥ
˱Ĭһᣬ̧ͷȻô˵Ȼȥˡ
˴к˱뿪˲
·ϣ˱˼ԼĲȻĽ
ͨʱĲദĲȻ¶ĲҵľܸоĲĲȻֻ֮(i)ûŮ֮(qng)
֮ǰȫĲȻĲͷ˶ҡ
룬ԼǲӦ÷ſԼĸ(qng)ȥȫ()ӵԼӣ
yҽԺĲȻûзָ֢ȴ
Ŵ죬ĲƽɽǾĲתԺԼҽԺȥҲչˡ
ĲȻҲͬˡ
ȥǰһϣĲ˱˸绰лڷѴڼԼϸҪ˲
ԼҪתwסԺԺӭw͡
˱׷һ䣺ĲȻҲ𣿡
Ĳش𣺡ǣ
Ȼ绰ͷͳĬˡ
ڶ죬תԺĲȻڵϵĲ磬Ȼȥ
һˣ׼ȻһwС
ʱĲȻиߴ˧()Ӱϼӳ£
ǹ˱
೵ϹС
Ĳ磬ҲĲȻ
˱ĲкĿ£ߵĲȻ()ߣ˵˾䣺
᲻뿪
ᣬĲȻȴ׹ʱסˡ
˶ٸ(r)(r)ҹҹԼҪĻ
ֻˡ
ӦĲȻ(qng)(jn)˵
Ҳ᲻뿪
˱һѽĲȻ§ڻȥ
ǣԹ˵ĿУᡢ(i)𣬾Ȼ˵
(qng)()
һĲȻҽԺ
ƿ˱Ҫ!
ŴӴĲƽɽ򸾣˾Ȼ
˴ŵĲƽɽͳ̾ǡÿ˽ǵһĻüͷ
û뵽Ůǹ˱(qng)չѸͣȻ˵ǵĵز
ΪҳĲͳ̾ŶԸ˽һԭͬ
Ĳƽɽ˱ְҵȣ̾Ϊ䲻ԼŮ
ھ˱ʱ˾ĵһۣкҲϳˡ
˱иܵĲƽɽ˶䣬ͷУԼµ
ǷԼĲȻһġ
˱û̫⣬һڶ(qng)()Ӱ¡
ţԼŬǻıԼĿġ
˵ֻҪӲԸ뿪Լгģθ(qng)ȥ
ʱ£ĲȻ»صwҽԺ
ĲȻҽԺǰ֮ܣпѣۣԼվǻˡ
ֻǻָ()ϰ࣬ǻչĲ硣
ҽʿ׷ǰкĲҽˣ
Ĳҽþò
ΪǸԺģǻΪĲȻָֻҽʦ()ݡ
ĲȻҲûпȥ˵(qng)
һ˼Ĳ磬ģԺ˵
ĲȻܵ͵ĳҽԺţһ(r)ͣٳԺš
ǲҪ鷳
ֻǣȥ鷳鷳ȴ
һγʱɷõһ߶ˡ
ϡǵãҴߵŮӣǰܾܾýɷõλŮҽ
˷ܵʾ񣬽ԼĲȻǰ
ĲҽǶƵļߣǲֻϰˣܸܲҵʱܾʱ㾿ôģһķ
ĲȻû뵽߻Ȼ֣üͷ˵
Ҳ㾿ʲô˼⣬޿ɷ棡ڰֵ˵ͷȺһ꣬Զȥˡ
ں׷һȣĲҽ
ʵ׷ϣֻȻͣŻͲ˵
ǣҽԺǰղţҿһλϤˣǾҽ¼ĵҽĲȻ֪ΪΣְֳͣҽԺǵȺմĻϰأע̱
ͷˣ(r)ˡߣϽŲ
ϵӲɷóҴȥ
ڵ(r)ĿУš
ΰڼũҩӵ˼绰
٣쿴Ƶ(qng)Ĳҽˣ˷֮(qng)Ա
ΰϷĲҽ֣ʱ˷
Ͻزš
ԴĲȻ뿪ѴӺ󣬸ΰͲٴȥ
ĲȻ绰ϢȴʼյòӦ
ò׸Ů˵绰ȴæ
ŮԼ绰ڣΰֻû˼뿪Ѵӻؼˡ
֮ǰ֪ҽԼ׵ҽĲȻΪʸ׵ʱҲûдԼ((co)co)ġ
ףԭԼ״ĻҪ䲻÷()˾
ԼٻйδԼ붨ȢؼҵŮأ
ô죿
ΰ룬廹ϵˡ
ȥԼϰ֡
ֻ˹ȥ֣£
ʲô£ǲȱǮˣǰ첻Ǹոȥ𣿡
Ǯ¡㻹ǵ֮ǰϾҽ𣿡
ôǵãҷ()·ɣ
ǲǽĲȻΰСʵ
ţСӴˣôˣ
ΰ̽һ䣺㿴ܷܲŹ

68.ɥĲ

߽ںʮ᳤ֻİ칫, ϰ, ͸ΰͨŵ绰
һ«, ΰ, 
ô뵽(qng)
, С£д, һɣ绰Ǳ߿
߽«Żذ칫΢()壺
С, ǿʲôĲҽ˰ɣ
, ֪ʲôҲۡʲô, ȷе˼
СӣһûΣ()ŮưĻ, Ҳˡ, ѵÿôңԷһ
, ã绰ͷΰԵʮָˡ
ָ߽˵棺, һû˵ꡣҪô׷Źֵĸ顣ֻҪýǰǸҾͲ׷ˡ
, ֣
µ绰ΰȥҽԺĲȻ̸̸
Ϊ, ҲΪԼ
Դϴαýߴ, ĲȻӼˡ
ĲסԺ¥ҵһõĲ, һ()ֱ24СʱҽԺҲؼˡ
ЩߣǾӬһΧţʤ
ΰҽԺ˵ҪĲȻʱЩҽʿľܾˣ
Ҫʲô
ǲɷ
ǰѸΰ˼ߡ
֮£ΰֱֻҵԺ칫ҡ
ĲԺҪĻҪĲҽ̸ǹġ
Ĳƽɽ֪Ǹ߽Ķӣ֪«ʲôҩ
ĲȻ˸绰Ȼΰ㣬˵ҪҪ
ĲȻ룬Ӧˣû£ɣ
Ĳƽɽת()߸ΰ񣺡סԺ¥48ŷ䣬ǵ㡣
ȹȥˣ
ΰ룬ǰĿδˣɵù㡣
˸Ϊǫ΢Ц()ǣ뿪˷䡣
ϵ¥һȣ͵ĲȻڵķ䡣
ƿţĲȻŵȺڵϣΰȿˣ˵ɣôżңʲô£
ΰŵ£Ĳҽкܾûϰ˰ɣ
ĲȻǰͣ
ΰ񣺡ĲҽҰ֮ЩᡣҾôȥƺ̫áϾ㻹ҽԲԣҲô뿪̨Ҳɲҽɣ
òģ
ΰװûĲȻеķ֮⣬˵ҸҰ(qng)ˣӦŹ㡣ǰýǰǸ
ĲȻͷЦѣǸ㲻ˡ߽ͽ⣿һӶܡ
ĲȻƲΰȰĲҽ֪ҽ߳ΪҲ(ͦͦ)áΪͺҰֶԿסҰǸҪˣ㲻Ǹĸ飿㿴ҰһҲίίһɣ
ĲȻŸΰȰ˵Ĭ
ͷȻ˸⣺óΰԼ˼ԼԽǰݰԸ߽չ
ǣװȥӣƵƵͷ
ΰ˵꣬˼״ٺúÿǿǣ
ΰΪԼȰ˵Чˣϲüҡ
ĿѾﵽĸˡ
ĲȻȥػ˿Ĳ磬()(r)תŷ
Ŀٶȣż֮ܰιˡ
˵ԼĸҲ˲ˣһ취ȰڳúҷݹȥǷˡ
ڵĵ֮չԸ߽ı
߽wܹ㣬ƽʱڹǰαװַǳãҪץסİѱûڲ˺ѡ
ΰǿãֻ竹ˣ¸Ͳ֪(qng)
ôأ
Թ緹ĲȻ׼()Ϣűˡ
ĲȻӦ
λȹӵĹĲȻϸһȻ
ĲҽãӵĴ˸к
ĲȻЦŵͷԭ£
ĲȻΪĲƽɽ£뿪˷ѴӣӴ˾ûлȥ
ΪĲȻģ˵뿪ĵ죬Ҳ뿪ˡ
ΰӡ󲻴Ҳ׼wУѯԸԸһߡ
ĲҽҲwУӦˡ
·ϵʱ򣬸ΰûwУ˵ûС
Ÿΰwкʲôû֮Ҳҡҡͷ
ΰ룬ɴֵĺʮֻᵱԱס
ûطȥȻڴӦˡ
صwУΰܣͺʮֻǩ˺ͬʽΪԱ
סĵطӻ䣬()ӣסˡ
Ȼªȴʮ⡣
ϾڴУԼСݣѾǺܲĴˡ
Լȥ򹤵˵Щ˵wУҲŵطסǰ򹤣ϾҸŶǹ԰һè
ȥҽԺҹĲȻʱĲȻڡ
˵ȥyҽԺˡ
ô࣬һһеĹ
ÿ콫ϵøɸɾͰˢһȾ
ʮֻĹԱʮϲڿСѾͷʱæö͵İ칫ҡ
һ죬ڲһӡֽҪƻң˳ͽ
Ŵӡֽƻң׼ţȴ̸סˣ
ҪˣһǵսľǸŮġ
ʲô᳤ͨ죬ûػƲ鶼ۻ𣿡˵⻰Ǹеġ
ǻ᳤ϴ£Դγãǰ۾͵ʮ򣡡
ʲôϴθѴӵʡ
꣡˵Ͳˣ
ϽԱһ㣬˻ᣬ񣬲Žȥ
ȥʱƻҵ˻ȻĿһۣ(qng)죬ŷ
ӡֽ£ת()ȥˡ
Ժ˸ۣʼѼӡ֤ԼղһЩ
죬ռҪļʱͶĻῴһЩϡ
漰Աûũˣʱ̸Щ(qng)䣬Ϊ
ʵǸܺѧĹûʱŻվţʱʱ̳
ϾҲûʲôѡ
һȥеèŪˡ
¼࣬Ŀģԭ׵ĲûͨʮֻεҪ
˵ϴyطˮyλصҵңǡҰƷ۵ģһʮֻٶ
ܺãﵽ˾Ʒʡ
ȴʮֻ͵͵ˣӵ˺ܶ
Щڱ֮£©
ң̫һɹͷӲ࣬ʹò˼Ρ
ؼǣ۸ֻԭһ룬ÿҪ˽Ԫ
ЩԾҵ˳ȥ
ϵģɲġ
Щ׵ʣֱûС
һ(r)ȺھѴЬԼոµledʽֵͲΪûʵǼǣͱֱ˺ʮֻС⵱С
ĲȻĬĬţ׼Ȼʵסˡ
߽̫ɥĲ
ʰֱݣ
Ҫе

69.ʼ

ĲȻΰӵܵ, Ѿµ, ߽ԻúʮֻᣬԼ˴ĺô
ֻǵ͹߽̰, ȻѴʶҪֱ̰ۣǺ()
˽, Ҫ
ڹ, Ҫ
ĲȻǰŮ׷һ䣺
ҲҰռ֤ݣ
ʲôһ¡
˵ҲռЩ̰۷ӵ֤ݣ
ôңɴ۾(ͦͦ)()ţҪôĲҽ
ںʮֻİռ֤ݣռ㹻󣬽ңҳ, ǰʮֻļڳǶӽȥ
û⣬½ҺˣһڴӦ
ˣռʱһҪעⱣԼǧǰﻵ˷֡ʵڲ, ʹҵ绰
Ĳҽ, һСĵģĵ˵ͷ
ĲȻֶ䣬ȥˡ
(), Ӧ˫, Ӹΰ, ȥõ߽̰֤
һ, ͵͸ΰӴˡ
ԼԸýϴΪڰɡ
ĲȻֱӸΰ˵绰ȥ
룬˵úܶԣԸýǸ
ô̫ˣ绰ͷʮָˡ
һҪչҸ磬ʱҲϲ˰ࡣòˣٵǸвУ
ҸҰ˵˵Ӧû⡣
ôæԶٷ
Ĳҽ̫ˣ֮ǰ㻹ȹأôģ5:00ϼοȺ㣡֪Ͳΰû뵽ĲȻȻԼܳ
һһԷԼ룡
˵ʲôҲĵط
ĲȻԥһᣬȻʹӦˡ
µ绰֪ΰǱ߿϶ֿ˻
һֱԼûʲôɫͻȻת̬ȣΰ񲻱Ź֡
룬ΰȷʮָˡ
ȻЩΪʲôĲȻ˸һٰʮȵĴת䣬֮ǰǧ֮ת룬֪ŮĹϵһչԼϣǷ淢չ
ΰԼ۵(r)Ҫˡ
ϸﻮ˲ٵӣ벻ͣĸĲҽϲ
Լ𣬴ȥֻᣬμЩߵۻᣬʱʱչһԼԽļҾͲŴ򲻶ġ
ΰȥ(to)ϵװ
ƽʱЩڡҪ׷Ĳҽ˵ʲôҲôʽһЩ
ﵽȥˣֻýԬһȥ̳˳οһ¡
ԬϹʱ򣬻ԸΰļƻЩԾ
٣ҪһҼǵᴩװˡ
ٷϻƷζ˲а
Ծ㲻ǿĸŮˣ
СӣҶĻ׳氡ⶼܲ³
ܸ˭Ҽ𣿡
ʶĲҽ
ԭ٣ģûİ
˵еûģѡ·ȥ
Ԭİ£ΰѡ˿װƤЬ˴ǧԪ
ΰһҲۡ
ˢҪûǮ˾ϰҪӦġ
Ȼֵ꣬ϴκӡ
ԬܵԺʿ
ĲȻڶ츰ʱû뵽ΰһǰķ񣬺ɫװ(to)ǰ׳ϵźɫĺᣬ¡صμӰ佱
˵ȥģģ˳۶ˡ
ȥҲƭŮ
Լˡ
㲻ǻ쵰ףôҲԼȤ
ϻù(r)(qng)(ͦͦ)磡
ΰֱ()һƣ΢ЦſĲȻ
Ůʿ
ĲȻҪˣΰѧ˵ʿɣȴѧ˸Ĳ㶼ҪЦ
ΰó׼һõ壬͸ĲȻ
ĲȻòĽˡ
Ȼǣ뿪ͽӽͰ
һٷԵĿڲһ
һίߣǧټƭȡԷΣ
һΪҪԷøС
ӽβΰδʱ仹磬ҪҪٳȥ䣿
ĲȻίܾ˼һҪȥչҸ磡
ΰǣӦãӦҲǱԼ⡣
(r)Ҳһʱ
ɫ䣬һ䣺Ǿ͵ˣʱȥhappy!
ΰ񿪳ĲȻͻС
ĲȻ³ʱΰŽĲȻ͵¥ϣҲĲȻԲĲĲĸΪɾܾˡ
ΰĲȻȥıӰпŮŮ·ƶôÿ
Ҳ֪ʱܱü˹顣
صԼңĲȻֽӵ绰
һ㱨֮ǰû˵һȥѼ֤ݡ
һǹ˱ˡ
ԴϴyҽԺǰҴǱ𣬹˱˾״̬һˡ
µķѴԱоԵġ
˶ӳǰڸɻʱʼͶԱ˵Ц
һЩСҲٷǵͷ´ע⣡
жԱסϣ֣
ӳô£ת()ˣ˵ͿҲѽ
ϣҡҡͷҲ֪
ӣͶӳϵãȥ£
˰¾Ͱǰơаɣлʡ
ϣֳϢʱ򣬸˱˸̣ӳܵؾֱˣ
ûС
ǾҪǹˣ
˱һºϣţĥǮôȱǮˣ
ǶӳҾǿ⼸(ͦͦ)˵ģʲô·
˱ЦЦôһҪҶϸУã
ϣָϽװͷúúãӳ(ͦͦ)ã
ûʣѰ˸ͷ͸ˡ
ĲУϣ־ġ
ͨ۲죬ֶӳĪЦһ˵Ͳ¶ͷԼüˡ
ϣֺʵ̲סڹ˱ٴνŹرպĶ㵽Ժ£˱ڸ˭˵
һҪ˶ӳܣĲҽĹϵˣ绰ʱ˵ЦȻ̸Ļǹϵ£ǰ(qng)
ĲȻӵ˱ĵ绰Ҳܸˡ
˵˱ֻĲĽ˳̸̸ԼĹû漰̫ݣϾġ
ÿ仰Ҳϰߡ
Ȼ͸ΰʼ£û˵
ǲŹ˱жǲ𲻱Ҫᡣ
ĲȻ֪֪ԼҪƻ˱϶ԹۣҪ
ѹ˱ϽٵüĿ˵
ӵ绰п˱(qng)ǳȻһɻǺۣȴ˶־
ĲȻ(jn)룺⶷־ܴܺ󲿷Լİɣ
ϣĬĬһʼΪӵȥӲͿվ𣿲УҵøϽ
ȻѧϰľӣϣṩϢסˡ
ʱʱȥ˱ƽʱͶͨ绰
ڽ˵Լˡ
ĲȻ˱ûиԼ绰
Ҳ̫æˣ˲
Ȼô룬ȴЩʧ
绰ȥӰϢ
ʵԭǣԼŰչƻ
ˣҲãʡԼ»˵
ôһ룬ĲȻȻˡ
ĲȻƵƵܵΰȥԷԥӦˡ
ȻΪõ߽ɻµ֤ݡ
ΪΰӦ͵¥¡
дΰǡñ򿪴ĳ̾ײ
̾ŶӺӡҲδĲȻ
ʼĲȻĶ
֣ĲȻǳȥڽӵ绰֮ȥġ
̾дĵĸĲȻСλ˧СúܲĻǺó
(qng)ԼŮʼ̸(i)ˣ
̾žúĲȻ̸̸

70.Ѩ

̾žúĲȻ̸̸
ص, ɳϿ, һֱȵĲȻ
ĲȻʱ̾Żû˯, Щ죺ĸϢϰߣʱӦ()ˡ
˸߸ЬЬߵ̾Ÿǰ
裬ôû˯
̾ŵͷҵأԱ, úһģ
ĲȻɳϣ, ʲô𣿡
Ҿ, ӣǲˣ
ûУĲȻܸɴĴ
⵹˵ʵΰ˵Ǹͣ˶ѡ
̾ŵȻš
Ҳûʲô취Ů(), ((Ʊ)), ֻʵ䷴
ּһЩʹ˵ĸŮһûһĶŻ
ĲȻ֪, ̾ڿԼѵġ
ܿ, ԼĸԹ˱ûʲôø, ҲͬԼѡ
ʵҲν, Ƿ곡Ϸ
ΪԼı
òŸɡһȱ, ǿϧ()Щ, һֱڵײ
ЩƸ߸ϵڡ٣֪˶ٱ
Լϲģˣ
Ȼ㵽û˵̾ĲȻü飬ûлӦЩˡ
裬һеۣղû塣ĲȻ
̾żĲȻһƣЩۣĲȻͷ
ȥϢɣпģ
ĲȻȷЩۡ
ΰϻҪıα
ͬʱֺ͹˱ϵҪȥָȥѼ֤ݡ
һϰ඼æ
ЧҲģٸΰԼԽԽˡ
أΰʹ˵绰˯û˯
ûУʲô£
иǴػ㿴ܲܲμڼеparty
ڼҾУһĲȻ˷
˸߽ѣ֤ݲ
ȴ֣̫ðɣҪ尢ڵĻô˵𣿡
ģһҰֳȥˣüܻ裬齫򵽺ҹͲù
ĲȻԵͷȷǸûᡣ
Ӧˣȥʲôʱ򣿡
ߵ㿪ʼҹ㣡
ã
µ绰ĲȻЩ˷ܣҪֱȥƥļˣҲ֪ʲôջ
̧ۿ˿ֻʱ򣬹˱Ӧô绰ġ
ĲȻ˴⣬Ŀ⴩׵ҹͶС
Ҳ֪ڵ˯ûС
˿̵Ĺ˱üͷŲԵꡣ
˱Լҵļ˵öӳƸƻʳڶҲɻ
Ͼ˼Ͷŵģ˱Ҳð˸ߡ
뿪Ծ˻ϻӣ˵ԼѧҽǶô࣬ѧĶãԻչ()ְ
˱촽һһ⣬Щ
ͺˣڰ˼Ƿ
꿴˱ˣʶȤͣס죺Ҳ˵ˣúϢɣ
ߺ󣬹˱ҲûٺĲȻ绰(qng)
ʱĲȻҲ˯ˡ
ʵЩˣҸڣףԼһȤûС
ʵڲУ˵
Ĳƽɽ°ʱ򣬳̾ŽһŮ쳣
Ĳƽɽʣ㿴Сô
̾Ŵ𣺡һ˲š
ĲƽɽЦǾУֻҪ˱
ͲܸǶһˡ̾Щġ
ĲƽɽҡͷֻҪӵõҸϺ(r)ӣŮϱϼףҲûʲô
ôֻôõĹҪ޸ˣ᲻á
ѽ㣬Ҫ뿪ýһ𣿱ô࣬Ϣɣ
ڶ죬ΰȻͿˡ
Ĳƽɽͳ̾ŶڼУĲȻǣҪȥμѵľۻᣡ
Ĳƽɽµô£̾ŶһۣȻĲȻ¶ζЦݣ
ţ·עⰲȫ
ΰԴ˴ξۻʮӣȥ˸͡
Եó˲١
ĲȻӦϲ͵ġ
ĲȻʱЦ
û뵽ΰһ
ֻ⻭Ͳγǿҵķȡ
ΰĲȻ¶Ц⣬ΪԼĵķͺʹ⣬аԼˡ
ڵĽĲȻӭ˳
ź죬תܳ;ȥ
ΰ򿪳ϵdvdҪĵƬǡyesterday once more
Ƽģ˵ʵŮϲ
ԼȻ(i)ҲΪ˼ˣã
ĲȻЩ죬ôΰҲֵˡ
ҡͷԹӣĲȻΪŵġ
ĲȻҲƣ쿴ǰ
ſڣһĺӭ٣ˣ
ΰһ֣ϽȥĲҽ
ʻλŴ򿪣ĲȻ
ĲȻڳļλк
()ӣƽ˶к
ȻҪξۻȻǰôҪȥ
Ա˾Ĳҽû뵽ôƯ߸Ҷҽ֪
ô˵أҽôˣ֣Ҫ˵ɱҷˣΰĲȻˣϽԲ
ղ˵ĽкæͣҾѣ
һȺĴӵŸΰĲȻ˴
ĲȻɨһۣԿڲװʮݻ
˵ԼǳϢͲʲôиûʡ
ݶˮƣɫʰ쵵Ĳ˹̺ټԴԱŷֹҾߺǽϹҵͻɽˮԿ뼫ӪиĻķΧ
ĲȻ׾ģ°ˡ
ִ棬ʽйۣԵʮֲײ࣬͸һ㱩ζ
ΰĲȻŴΪ𺳵ˣŪ
Ұ˵ЩװȫϵȵģЩǴӹֱģôϲ𣿡
ĲȻͷЦϲЩͶҪʲôƷζ
ȴЦеģܲˣ
ΰѧɣŲ⡢㡢Ⱥмβơ
Աи𾢵
һ˶ߵ䣬аͶӰͶǽϵĴĻϷ
Ա߻˴кá
ĲȻΰţһһ˽ܡ
Կʱǽ
ΰȥЩĲȻҾ˾˴ӷģ
ĲȻ΢ЦŽˣȸΰһת()Ͱŵ
˶(r)ҵĽ̸ţˣţĲȻΰЩԾԾ()ԣɾһԸŲ뿪
Ȱΰ񣺡㲻ǸҡˣȥкǰɣԼ棡
Ǻðɣʱңΰ뿪ˡ
ĲȻڿҲʲô¥ȥҡ
ǡڴЦ˳˵עĲȻ˻˶¥
֮ǰΰܹˣסڶ¥ߵǼ䷿
ĲȻǰ棬šһŰ֣žȻˡ
ɣŲû
ĲȻŷʼ
ǿ˿ϰڷŵϺ鼮ûзʲô
ִ򿪱ڳͬû쳣
תһȦûпʲôмֵĶ
ĲȻЩʧԡ
Ȼ֣һǺ͵ذ죬ϸСĺɫߺۡ
ȥϸ۲졣
Ѫ

71.Ѫ

ĲȻϸ۲һ£ָű, еζ
Ѫ
ĲȻҵһС, ذѪ˳, ֽ, һţ()ЯС
ԭֳ, ţ¥¿񻶵˶û
ֻиΰ˹ղôûп㣿
ĲȻװ£ղϴּˡ
ĲȻִһ, Ȼ͸ΰˣ
ղŽ˵绰Ұ, ҵȻȥ
ΰЩ᣺㿴ò׳happyǺ, ȥ
, ˰ɣĲȻûͬ⡣
ΰ룬Ԭкһ, Ĳҽ
ĲȻûټ, ΰɡ
һ·ϣǸΰĵ
ĲȻ콫ѪȥҽԺ, Ĳɡ
ΰΪĲȻ, ֪ȤĲ˵
ΰĬĬĲȻ͵¥£Ȼ˵˾䣺ܸܲμparty, 
ĲȻ˵ͷټ
ڶ, ĲȻĲƽɽһȥҽԺ
ֱѪҺ, Ӹ߽Ѫ˼顣
֤, ˵Ѫ
ĲȻҵ˵ңѯ˵ʱ߽סԺ¼
ѪͿһѪabѪ߽Ĳıϡ
ĲȻ·𿴵⡣
ֱҳһѪӵߣҲҵ߽ķ֤ݣ
ĲȻ˸绰ȥ
һ飬ʮֻڲûˡ
ô˽㣿
¸߽ǣֱȥˣ
õģ㣬ȥ飡
(qng)˻
ĲȻӵĵ绰
㣬ҲһȦ⼸û˵˰
ȷ
ȷ
ûзʲôȽϷļ󣿡ĲȻʡ
ûао(ͦͦ)õġˣȥ׻˸ʱŮ걾Ҫתˣ֪Ϊȴˡ
ĲȻһоΣæ׷ʣϸ𣿡
ش𣺡ûϸʡ취һ¡
õģҪǴס
һСʱλʱϴĲȻֻ
ĲȻһԭŮԽ࣬նʮͷ
סyq
õؼϢĲȻȥqһˣԽúһġ
ڶĲȻ̤ȥqаͳ
һ·ϣڲ²Խ͸߽ҵĹϵ
ãп϶زɸ˵ܡ
ֻϵĵַĲȻһСԺǰ档
ŽգСƹĽš
ŷ͸ȥͥԺܸɾȴʮּª
ũ߶Ǿɵģ⡣
óԽļҾôá
ĲȻ˰ţԺﴫ˭
Խڼ𣿡
λͷĹﾯĴ򿪴ϵСڣĲȻ
Ҿǣǣ
ĲȻwеҽѯʵ¡
ԽִĲȻۣȷûж⣬Ŵˣ
˵ɣʲô£
ĲȻվԺУʼѯǰһǲںʮֻ
Խһ£ͷԣôˣ
ĲȻ˵㱾ɵ(ͦͦ)õģܸҽΪʲôǩʽͬǰ𣿡
Ҹ˵£ûʲôϵĮı(qng)
ĲȻģʼ׷ᵽ߽
ĲȻע⵽ᵽ߽ʱԽϱɫŴ󺰣
㵽ʲôҸͲ˵ʲô
Ȼ()㲻ҪҺһкܶҪɣ
ĲȻԽ໰ﻰԼߣ֪˵ȥҲûá
ֻ˾䣺ҰֻŸɣҪʲôһҪ˵
ԽӲĻش𣺡ã
ĲȻûа취ֻȻȥ
ʵ벻ͨΪԽһֵ֪ڳ˵ӣѵزɸ˵ܣ
ĲȻЦһ̤˻wе·;
һ·ĲȻ£ƱԱﺰ
lˣ³û
ĲȻȻѣlǲǹ˱ڵķѴפĵط
ʦͣһ£ĲȻæ
ոշĳͣƱԱüô˵
ĲȻЦЦˣܿ˳
˳ѵĹ·ĲȻʮӣߵl
һ£ĲȻҵ˷ѴӸɻĵط
˱˸ɵ(r)죬ҳ档
ƼĲȻʱһ£һŷӦ
һ˿ЦݹϹ˱ӣ˹ôˣ
ĲȻ˵ôҲ𣿡
ȻԣûкЩ̫ͻȻˡ
ȵȣиβͻû꣬չˣֱӴȥϳԷ
˱˵ַ꣬()߻ʩֳ
ĲȻվſԶɻķѴӶԱ(r)Ϥ(qng)ػǰ
ϧԼǸ߸ЬһҪ³죬ɸɻ
żйùߵģĲȻ(r)(qng)Ĵк
Ĳҽ㣬ղվԶ˶ûϣ
ûðɣ
ŶԱ(r)(qng)ĲȻҲ˵һһش
Һܺãأ
Сɹˣ˲ٿɣ
˱ĲȻȥԷԾӴ˶ٵȡ
ԱߵķѴԱڿഫ֪ĲҽϢղҲӴ˸ɻٶȡ
ûСʱ͸ˡ
˱ѴӼ򵥵䣬úϣֽˡ
ʲô߹Ĺ˱ʵ
Ե㵱ССĲȻ˵ʲôҪҪܺͰһ
ǺãͷһС͹ݣıزʮֵصȥǳ԰ɣ
˲ͬС
ĲȻϸ()Եˡ
Ȼô()Ȼô(ͦͦ)ΣֻЩˣóֳ˲ٿࡣ
ĲȻЩۣ
˱΢ͣһ£ֽǰߡ
˾ôţߵСǰ
ݣЩСĲȻ͹˱ʼ̸۱ļš
ĲȻϸϸԼ뿪ѴӺ(qng)˱ţżʡ
ûõһ˾ˣũС()ɢ()˵ζ
ĲȻʹһᣬʹ˱㻹ǵǴӹ¶ԺӳԺ·С̯(qng)
ôǵáʱץҵֲߡ()޷ģֻվǡ
ǰĲȻпʱǾôͣסߣվֱˮϰǿóһʣ˸ǣǶٷԵ㰡
ĲȻĻ˹˱Ļ䡣
ĲȻ꣬ʱļϸڴǵøΡ
˱˺ڣֵǵҶӶƵ⣬𣬴ɪɪ
ûй̶ĵطסһǹһط
ٸҹŶǷ񷿣Ҹ()֮ӵ˯
˯УĲȻΪجΣ˱ĴŰοźƱЩûյøЩ
ΪԲůССݵˣ()ƮƮġ
ȴûʲôԹԣԼİһ𣬱ʲôҪǿ
˱ĲȻ۹⽥
СʱԼ̫ˡ
Щ޶(r)ӣÿÿһһ㡣
Թ˿࣬ҵгɣӣ˱Ÿоο

72.èצ

׼ĲȻĹ˱, Щҡˡ
ԼѴĻ, , Σմ, ȥ, ȷĲȻ䡣
һ£ĲȻԼӣԺֻڶԲεĽƽУڶɷ޵й(r)ӡ
, ǹ˱޷ܵġ
˱뿪ѴӣȥһȶĹĲȻҲбϡ
ȴʵ᲻á
᲻úϣ֣᲻С᲻ЩϦദսǡ
ĲȻｲ, ˱Ҫơ, ԼĲȻһ
, ȥ¾ͲˣΪõ, һ
Ʊڿ˴졣
ĲȻ̸һ, ²ıߺȱ˵, Ƕ(r)ȻԲů, ȴĻ䡣ҵһƷʲôɵζ, Ȼ, ȴ𣡡
˱ѵüĲȻô, ûдԼľ
Ҿ͵ҽȻ㡣ĲȻ꣬ͷƫ˹˱˵Ҳ⼸ľ
Ҳûʲô˵ģǵ깤͸˱򵥽˽Լľ
ĲȻʮֲ񫣬ʵ㵱ʲô£
˱˸̣£롭
Ƽ䣬˱ġ
Ҫϸ˵С˱һ٣ʱһ꣬ԸŰ೤ˡ
ĸսʿһλ˾һȥһӪ;Ҫһθڣڶ̡
;УӺѷУôҲβ
·λźŷǳֻͽӲźš
ֻͣ·ߣϣгǵ˺ܾúܾã춼ˣҲš
ڳһҹֶȵڶ̫
ĲȻ׷һ䣺гû
˵Ǵʳˮ㡣֮ǰԤ˵δǸ̫ɹ£¶ȿɴʮȡ
೤˾ϣʣǼ򸽽سȥǵط˵سǣʵһС
ڵĵطߣܵ
Ҳ˵ǵҰҹǾģҲô⡣λսʿҹĻٵʱ򣬶ŵòڰ೤ο²ƽ
ȻԤ˵ĸ̲(r)ˡǸտʼͣɤӿʵð̣ǦһԽԽ
೤ǣǱЩʡǵˮˣǾǣ೤ûôˮֻż촽(())һ¡
ʱҲоðǣǰãã·˻þƺԼҪôԶȥȴԶҲ߲ꡣ
ǰˮˮȹˣôһΡ೤˹óԼˮÿ˶һڡ˵͸ʡŵȣֻԼʡˮ͵Źؼʱá
ʵڲ˼ȥˮֿʵ޷ܣǽ˰೤ĺ⡣
죬߳˸̲Сسǡ
ֻźţ೤(qng)˻㱨һУ೤Ҳֲס˵ϡ
ͽҽԺһڵĵƿҽ˵Ϊʧˮ»ʡ֪೤ԼʣΪǲġ
೤׾ˣʱǼϱʹޡûҲ߲ããڡ
ǼԺҸоûʲôסԼʱǴͽԽľ
ĲȻ۾ġ
ԭԼİЩĥѡ
ѹʲôһŲæ()гӡ
Լһ㡣
ơƣСһֱԵ˰ҹ
ʱ˱ĲȻȥϵùסɣ
ĲȻȵͷЩΣӦȴܿ죺УҲǷѴӵıԱҪסԼң
˱֮£ֻðӪ
ѴסĵطһСƽûжٷ䡣һ䷿˱칫ңǵһ䡣
˱üͷֻһ()Ҫ˯°ɣ
ĲȻҡͷҪ˯Ҳ˯()ôһһ߾С
ôУ
ôͲУģôˡҶ£ʲôĲȻ¶һƵ
˱ۣҪһ˯
ң
˯˯˱òˡ
ĲȻͷϲڴӦˡ
ô(r)(r)ҹҹԼֺ˯һ
()ϣĲȻȥȴôҲ˯š
ͷͬèצģʮܡ
ĲȻղŹ˱˵ĻԺ
()һͷƵ˱һˣҪڹ˱̺ꡣ
˱һʲô
־ҪĲȻơ
ĲȻ()һ㻳Ҳ˯úã
仰ù˱Ƶһ٣˳ƽĲȻ§뻳С
Ϊ˹¶Ժʱ(qng)
ʱĲȻΪجξҹѡ
˱ǽ§ԼУο˯ȥ
ĲȻ˯ر㡣
ĲȻͷŤŤ˸ĽǶȣʼ߶߶ЩԼ¡
˱ţиƽ
Ҿ׼ȥqԽ࣬ϣܰҡ
˱⣬()Ȼ΢΢ֱ()壺
ôֱȥˣʲôԽ͸߽ϵУⲻǱ¶Լ߽֣ض⵽ı
ĲȻ˷()ڹ˱()ԣ
֮ǰ˴ˣԽƽʱΪʵ٣֪ͷɻҲû߽ʲô
ָ˵˱()ţЦ棺
Ҫ浣ң͸һȥ(qng)࣬òã
˱ĲȻ˾ǿ
֪ӣ˭ҲȰصġ
Ҫˡ
˱£ͷӦˡ
õ˱ı֤ĲȻͷһʯͷء
()ɳ
(i)˿()ţǼǿ۱ĲȻ֪˯˹ȥСС
˱Ღ˲ĲȻͷ(qng)ӿͷ
Ҳ֪ѹ˳˯
¹ӴԽ˹()ϵˣӰӣص
˱Ǳӵѵġ
ʱĲȻѲ()ߡ
·˱ƿţѴԱѾڲݵϽŵæµˡ
ĲȻҲŸɻһߺԱߵĶԱ졣
ʱЦƮ˹ɼĲȻֲںദò
˱룬˺ϣ֣
ҪĲҽȥq㸺ָӸɻעⰲȫ
ϣգգ۾ӳĲҽʲôʱģȥqʲô
˱һۣʵıʣϽټԱȥ
ϣֻԭأһţƤ˲ǣ
ϣһͷӳȥһܿˡ
Թ緹ĲȻϷѴӵļճ˱һ̤ȥq;
·ӿݣĲȻöЩܲˣֶĵĸо
˱ͣеʣôˣ£
ĲȻҡͷûд󰭣ɣ
˱ǵģٽһĲȻоƽȶˡ
˱˵ˮȹһ޺·ͺˡ
˼䣬ֳĬ
ĲȻټԽԼʱӦô˵Щǣ
Խֽ࣬Լ֮ɣ

73.

Сʱ, ĲȻ͹˱q
ĲȻŹ˱ֱԽסũԺ
ĲȻԤϵ, ţԽ𣿡ʱǱߵԺ, ԽŭǸȥҲôˣ
Զ, ֱš
͸ŷ죬Խ࿴һλĲȻ()ߣŷŵ
ˣǵҪ
漴ţվſ˵
˱һ, ӿڵԽ£ģ
, ˡ˵, ҲҪǰæԽ䡣
ֻҪ㽲ʵǾܰ㣡˱Ȱ˵
ԽͷĬһᣬ̧ͷ˵ûҼﻹкܶ, û˵˵գһ, ȥ
˱ĲȻԽ濹ܸ˽Ӵǲǡ
ĲȻ˼Ҳǵ߽ˣԲ˿ܡ
˱ͷе(qng), , ƾ˽ˡ
ĲȻְһˡ
ô죿l򣿡
ĲȻ, ˸飺qˣҪȥ¶Ժǿһ
Ƕɷˣʲôÿģ
ȥ£ĲȻֱקŹ˱ߡ
Уȥ˱Ӧˡ
ɽȥ
ףǹ¶Ժڵء
ĲȻ뿪û꣬¶ԺͲˡ
Ҿ߳ĳֹϰˡ
Ȼһֱ
ֱ˲ǽ𴰻ΪãֻʣһѲǽԫ˵¶
ĲȻСĵĴӵשʯпȥ̧ͷ
ʱĵεΣʱӿǰ
¶Ժȥûʣȴڰ
Ǽʮסһһͳٷ
ӦͳԲ
ȵ(r)̽¶ʱԺͰǾʹϵ¹ǻϽеһ(to)·
Ǳ쵽źöΣʻжӻӭ
ĲȻǵԼͷСվڶĩβ
Լ԰ĺһųһŹ˲ιۣͬʱЩ˵
ֱ(r)뿪
ֻǵõǹÿСܵõΨйĺӲС
˱ڹ¶ԺǳѱСѴܣʱ̵Ļ
òЩö
ԼͲͬˡ
ʮֹɣʦĻ
ϷϷϢϢ
ʺʦ
ʦϲĶҪȱСһЩ
ôʵΪ˹˱
ѶʳĲԼĹ
ȵڵʱó͹˱
˱ҲͶ֮ң֮
ĲȻСټܵʦƫ(i)⵽С۸
ʱ򣬹˱վ˳СȭͷЩ۸ӵ˶ܡ
һʱԺҲû˸۸ӡ
͵͵ԼһҪͬһͥ
Щ¶ԺˣҪô˹˱ҪôĲȻ
Ҫˣǲܡ
˾űСһߣԼȴʣ
𽥳ҲԽˮ顣
õǹԽԽ࣬ԵҲ¶á
ĲȻΪԼˣȴ֪ħצ()Ľ䣬һлҪקԨ
ĲȻǰ·ָǵµ()Ӱ
ȻһѽסԱߵĹ˱()
ôˣ˱üͷһ塣
ңҺ£ĲȻ˵
˱ĲȻ϶ǻ𵱳Ƕجΰʷַʧ̬
û׷ʣĲȻ§뻳С
ãĲȻŻָƽ뿪˹˱Ļ
ŲߵһǽǰϸϸţüͷԽԽ
Ťͷ׷ʣǽϸܶϢ滹ϵ绰Ϊʲôظ
˱ҡͷҴûпңһΣҲ²Ϣֱӵûٷ
ĲȻ˱һ¡
ǺȻӦԼǽϵϢ˲ˡ
ˣֻǸ߽
ѹô꣬඼֪ԷϢ
ĲȻʮģΪҲ
ĲȻֲµʡ
Ϊ˱Ȼ뿪ŵձĲġ
Ȼ˺(r)ӣʼնԹ˱˵Թڻ
ᣬһ¹˱ΪҪӱԼ
һһ¡׼˵ʱ˱Ȼ(qng)һ䣬˵˹
ĲȻͳǽĽ
Խ࣬кϢ㣡ȻǸ߽
ĲȻͷһѵ֮вɸ˵Ĺϵ
ħףҪƭ𣿡Խߵ
ҿϲģֻȶ˾ơ㿴ڲ𣿡
ʲô˼
ôġ(qng)ңұϽʳ
Ҳͬ⣬ҵʲôˣԽ̶ۣ˻
㿴㣬Ҫô(qng)ңȸн(to)ÿ㻨Ǯɱµʳһģöˣ
ԽûдӦͷ
ҵ߽Ϊ֪߽͡
»û浹Լ()ûˡ
߽ΪԼ˵ˣæ䣺ú룬ǰɣҵϢ
Ͳţôźµﶯģ
Ȳ((Ʊ))û׼˶ãԼ绰أ
߽ô뿪ˡ
ĲȻ˱סٵȵȣȥᣡ˵߽пܻ
˸Խ࣬򿪴ţصԼӣŷ
ĲȻԹ˱˵һǳи߽ȥû׼ˣ
˱ͷţٴӸղŵ̸Խǳ޸߽߽µ棬
͹˱ɹʶš
Խסˣôǣ
ĲȻȰŴ򿪣кҪĻ˵
ʲô˵ɣ
ǲΪ޸߽˵ͣˣͬǣ
ĲȻһϵı(qng)˵仰
仰˵ԽĿ
ͷȷи߽֤ݣ¸߽ƭȡ
ĲȻǸ߽ѵ治һ
Խȷ˽ô˵
򿪷ţԽ˵˾䣺˵
ʹ˿
ĲȻһ£˵ǿȴǼͽıڡ
˼ӻмŵӣļҾ߶ûС
ԽҲù
Խãġҷǳͬ(qng)ϣվһ𣬽¶Ǹ߽ĳ
ԽȴԥܴǶ
ۼ̸ǽвȥĲȻͷ¶ģҿԼ˰̣Լ½
ãǶŮˣЩ뵥˵˵ĲȻ˱ͷʾȳȥ
˱µҪ˵ʲôʣǲҪ˵Ǽ£
ĲȻᶨĵͷҪ˵
ȻŹ˱ǵû£
˱ĲȻĺ󱳣Ļȥˡ
ĲȻԽ֣һ˵ϡ
˱ۣ񣬿ʼǶβĵ׶ľ

74.ǿ.

֪ܲ, q˰ꡣĲȻ˵
ôҴûм㣿ԽЩ档
㵱Ȼң, Ҷڹ¶Ժŵġ
ǸɽϷĹ¶ԺԽ
ĲȻͷԣȻ˵
Щ¶, ʵк˼ǡΪһЩԭһֱûͬ˵, ô˰ꡣ
һ죬԰ҵ, ˵λĵĲԸӦҵ, ҡ
ҵȻܸˣƯƯ͹ȥˡһӣλú, ȴܸߵ˵档
˾Ǹ߽ʱǻ᳤, Ǹ᳤ֹһ顣¶ԺӲ칤, ʶ
ңλҪԼ¶Ժ˲Ǯ, ҪҺúñ, ʲôҪһҪ
ûô, ȻǵͷӦˡ
ĲȻһ߻䣬һͷ, ˵, ȷǼʹ¡
һ󸹱ĸ, ʱ۾ˡЦеҵһЩ(qng)ȻһתȻҪҰ·ˣǿ()ûа̺ۡ
ҵȻǲͬˡ˵ҪѣֶšҿǰĴˣҧ
Ǹ߳ŭһˤŭĳȥˡ
ûˣȴû뵽߽()ҸղôǷˡ
ҵȻǽǷҪ˵˳
أԽ׷һ£ŵþĲȻ·
û뵽߽Ȼң˵Ҳʶ̧٣˵ʲôѸ·ʲô
ĲȻԺֵʱ(qng)Ŀ
߽((Ʊ))˹Ц㲻ԸѣҾƫҪѣ
()ֱǸˣһ¾׽סͳ׼ӣԼֽŶȻӵݵϡ
ĲȻǵãԼʱɵˣɪɪƴ
ңʲôӦ
顣
Ǹ߽ȴҵĺ£Ǿ͵ǧٱ
ĲȻ𲽿ƺڿһͷ׼˶ҧҰޡ
еľˮһ
ֻһҽУĲȻ߽۾˵ϡ
̧ͷһȻǰ
˵ҴߣԸ
ԭϵʱ򣬹˱һıʦߣ˵ҪȥΡ
ȥʱ˱ûмĲȻЩ죬ʦʱ˵Ժ¡
˱ԽߣоԽԾ
Ϣʱܿʦߣ˻
ǡʦ˵ʲôдҪ˵ĲȻйء
˱һʱͼˡ
ܵ͵͵ЩˮԱ޻
Żȥſбڰء
֪иĴˣԴǽȥ
һȥӵĺ
˹ȥ߽ѹĲȻ׼·
˹ȥĸ߽
˭߽ʮֲͷʱֻˮԼ۾ù
žһۣ˲ҽС
ȻĲȻͿ˱ڵϴ
ߣ˱ĲȻӸڷĴӳӴ˿ʼˣһ֮á
(qng)ȥô꣬ĲȻ˯ʱʱμ߽Ц((Ʊ))
ٴоѣ졣
Խøͬ()ܣץסĲȻ֡
ĲȻ˵ʵ߽ͷһʱ̫ãǵʱû֤ݣֻù
߽һͷƤǣûȥң⣬и֣ܺ߳
Խ̲סʹʧ㣬Ҵˣ
ԼҲ˳
죬߽˸ڣ½ԽԼС
߽ݸһˮ꣬Ȼ벻תʽ
Խ꣬ǩʽ߽ͬô˵ΪҪǰԼתͷܸˣͷ룡
߽ĻԽ޷ԼĶ䣺Ļҵ飬ҡ
ԽΪԼˣ׷һ䣺᳤˵ʲô
߽ЩͷǺһ
Խʱ۾᳤ôܣ
ôͲܣң㵱ʲô๤ǿˡ
ԽоЩԾʼſˣ
᳤ŹҰɣɲݹ
߽ɫһ䣺𾴾ƲԳԷƣ
첽߹ȥԽק˻˵ͬ⻹ǲͬ⣿
Խŵֱҧҡҡͷ
⳹׼˸߽()
ٺЦ((Ʊ))ҵġ
Խఴ()ϣʼ·
Խƴȴо()޾
ȻӦ֮ǰݺȵˮ߽ҩ
ֻĿŸ߽·һŸ߽ʯһѹ˹
()ǿҵʹԽ˹ȥ
ʱԽ෢Լ()**()ϣ߽Խŵ绰
оۡ
Խʶѱǿ()ˣ
·ͳ߽˹ȥ
߽绰ûע⣬˵ײһǣʱѪֱ
Ȼôײ˹ȥ
ԽЩ£߽кæʰһ£ӳ˸߽ҡ
ʱ()ġҲСĵֽڴ˳
бſڣԽסʣ᳤أ
ˣҳȥԵģԽ༱ǣ˸ԡ
᳤֪ʲôĿģԽɫ죬ĵ˵ͷȥɣ
ԽŻŻ˳
ҵӪҽԺԼشϡ
Խ຦¸߽ı֤ݣ׼Ա
ĲȻҲµˡ
ں϶Ƿ˲Ծ嵽˸߽ķ䣬ҽԺ
ǡã׼ľԼ
ңһԸ浹ǸƤǣĲȻᶨĿԽࡣ
Խеõ˵ͷţ
ĲȻ˱˽һ߽ϸڡ
ĲȻ֤ؽ߽浹
˱ȴô
߽ڿ˷ֻȸ棬ţǲҵ
ĲȻ룬Ҳͬ˹˱
˷ͷж
Խȥ˱бĲȻϵѼ߽֤
ȻϣԽ౨󣬸߽չ˷ķˡ
ǷԽܸ棬˵ʲôΪûתʽԺʮֻ͸߽ġ
()ݲˣ绰Խע㣬С()
˱˸Խ࣬(ͦͦ)()Щٵˡ
Ϊ˱Խ࣬˱ִӷѴӵ˼˹
ڲ˻ûʲôӰ졣
ĲȻ(qng)ͱԻý֧֡
Խͬ⡣
ԽĲȻļƻͷ룬Ȼ˵
Ȼ㣬ֻҪ߽֮ܽԷ޹Ľò䶾֣Ը⹫ҵľ
ĲȻ֪ŮҪ()壬ͷҲʮָж
ԽϣĲȻţǸ߽жضӲɵĳͷ

75.Ӧ

ĲȻҽ¼, ʱý屨, ۷籩
󲿷ˣָĲȻҽ£Բ()ϴ()·
ʱϻ(r)ҵۣΪһʱ(r)Ż⡣
ҲյĲƽɽסѹ, ĲȻְͣ
ʱǨ, ھҽ¼ƽϢʱwеĸýյһذϢ
ĲƽɽҽԺٿд, ʱĲȻרž͵(r)¼н͡
Ƿ׷˷, Ԥеαֽ(r), û׼Ϊţ
ºwжƵzֱýȸ·ý, ׷׸ϸֳ᳡ˮйͨ
þ˷, 
ֻ¼ǲû
Ĳƽɽ̨ϽͣĲȻ׼֤ݣʱ϶һĴ𸴡
ûãĲȻһλīɴĹˡ
µļ۷׷ף֪ĲȻҪĳϷ
ĲȻɤӣǰһȲýߣżɽ
λý, Ҿλܾҽβ˵Ĳҽ
ȸҽһԱλ, кʮֻʱ
м̲סʣ˵ʲôϵ
ĲȻҼ˵
ҪʱתΪʽ, ˭֪ʮ᳤ֻ߽ԴΪҪЮ((Ʊ))СԸ()СԲ߽ȻСԡˣ
һƬȻ˽
˵߽λĲȻܾҽεĲˣ
𣿾ô£
ĲȻҿյף߽(r)СײͷţѪֱű͵ҽԺҪ˵ģô࣡
һը˹
û뵽ڳϡ
ºʣĲҽλԹûȥ߽𣿡
ʵúãСԣ˵ɣ
Խԥһ£˵˳ֻеСѾ֤ݵݽ֣û뵽ȴ߽ܸ棬Ȼ˵תʽˣ֤
ĲȻ˵СԾҵһ껪ȴ⵽̣ϣýǣ¿͹۱һ
ء
ڶ죬ֽý׷ױ
ҽ粨ı
кʮ᳤ֻš
ġ
𺳱ţ˲wڵϰռ
˵ĲȻҽΪ֪߽ǡĻ()
˵ܲҽܼȣϾֲǿ()
Ҳܿγ۵(r)ĲȻһ³Ϊ̳(r)
ҽ֮䣬չҵĿˮս
۵ķĲȻһԽԽˣ֧ĲȻ˳ӦԮţ֧Խཫ߽浽ס
߽Խظ󣬷ҧһڡ
ڹˣ֮
˽ѹ£Ӳǽ永ĸ߽Ż˼ҡ
ֻû뵽ĲȻôһwег绰˹֣Ҫ永Աƣְжߡ
ǣɳû(r)ĸֱ߽ͽ˹ֵľҡ
ʱĲȻõ˿ظ߽µ֤
ǴӸΰǵõġ
(qng)ûݵǰ
ΰڸΪ׷ĲȻѴӺϤ
׷ĲȻõĸΰ񣬷ҲԼϲŮ
()(i)
һθΰ񷢸գǰܺչǳϸ΢Ҳòеĸΰʮָж
ΪΰʵҲףŮ˶ǳǮֵıģģûС
ҲǸ߽ƴҪ׷ĲȻԭ֮һ
ΪͲЩС
տʼѹͲ֪Լ()ݣȴԼôãΰһᵽֱ˹(i)ĸо
ĲȻӼвǶҲ绰󣬸ΰʹʶĲȻͲϲ
ӶĲȻĿ˼˳ʼ(qng)()ϡ
ڴĲȻǵ֪߽кҲ˳ƽ˸ΰĸ(qng)ʼϦദ
һΰ񲢲߽ǰ()պݶкͯ档
Щƭΰˡ
ֻصĹУͶЩƭϰգϰѪ̰ٺ֮ǣìܼ䣬ͨΰȡ˸߽̰֤ݡƷС˱
ĲȻ˱ֱӵݽԺֶ̰֣߽˸̰
֮̾󣬸߽(r)ľӪĹϵ˲߽⡣
˭ҲҴʱ֣ԼҲǣȥ
ǣֱ̰ӽ룬Ӹ߽в鳭Ĺ桢пв鷿ذ尵ڵĻƽ鱦һдŵ(r)ǡ
ר룬ǾǼ¼һҵȨǮףоͰ()ҩҵͷװš
ƲѴﵽ֮ޣ
֣ö참ļǣҲ̾ѡ
߽η(r)ϵϡ
ȫʧȥϵͲ֪ʲô¡
˾죬ţŲ
߽ηǰͷߣ
߽ϣǲҳȥ
첻мΰɣѶңмҪѶ㣡
ֱ߽³ôм١
ѵҪߣ߽첻ͷߴٵ
ֻ߽֮䣬Ѷҡ

λͬ־ʶң
㣬ʻأļٺǳ
ҽи߽
ְ񣿡
кʮ᳤ֻ߽ʵʵʼش
֪ʲô𣿡
ұ˸ˡ˵ʵܸ棡
תƻ⣡пϵļǧԪô£
ʲôп߽װɵ
ͳһпڸ߽ǰ˻Σûҵġ
߽գۣǸҵģΪһǧǧĹ￨֪ôǮ
װǲǣǺã(r)ô£
Ȿ(r)ǣ߽ʱô²á
ȴǿװ򶨣ǾдģҶԹȤ
𣿲רҽνĹַˡ315(r)()ҩҵԬ໨һԣƲ漣һ86(r)Ȫͽһţ80ԪԼ(r)
߽ң֪Լ©ˡ
費Ҫ֤ˣ
ˣȫ߽ĵͷͬһ󲡡
Ը߽һԺ
ǿ()Ѽټϰ˻Ǵ̰۷ýԴʮֹע
(r)ֳͥͥˮйͨ
неʮ˳˶Ըϸ߽ȫС
ߺͽı֣߽ǿ()̰дִ̣УûȫƲ
죬ĲȻҲֳ
һ(r)ӯ
ˣÿÿ(r)߽ЦĲȻ׹ߵĸо
߽ӦãҲѹͷİ
ڿ
ȻٵȴԶ
ĲȻе죬Ⱳ˵(r)֮һ
ΰҲֳû뵽ԼԺĸףȻʮˡ
Ÿ׵ͷŷٸУߡ
磬̮ˡ

76.

ΰƽ, ˼ʮơޣԼһ硣
ʱܻˣΪѱжΪǷƲ
˺, ˯Ʒӵ߰㡣
ôججһ졣
ΰ˹, ׼, Աߵľûˡ
ҵľ, ˭ˣ컹ң
õģԼȳʲôˣ
ΰϤŮ, ̧һǰԱߵࡣ
, Ѿ
ҾҪܡΰ, ֵĴҪеҪǸˣ¸ҵվ, Ⱦ, ô£ະҪٲ߼Ҿͳˣ
ΰʧʹޣһֱѰֵżû뵽Ȼǿ()̰۷, ΪʲôΪʲô
§ס˸ΰ񣺡컹û, أ㣡
ΰ(qng), ࣺΪʲô뵽Ҫң
Ϊ, ں㣡¸ҵĽԼ˳
ǰı, ΰٸн
û뵽Լ͹ȣʹ()ʱ򣬾ȻôһλùﲻԼ
ΰֳϣ
ͬϣĲֹΰһˡ
ĲȻԽñ˵ñͷʹޡ
ʹ֮ĲȻ͹˱һԽͻq
ٱʱԽסĲȻ֣㣬лл㣡ӴҲõ£Թˣ
ʵҲӦлл㣡¸ҵվ߽ǻ˿
㣬ʲô˵ˣԺϵ
ãϵĲȻ뿪
˲ţĬһᣬ˱ڣ
Ѵ
ţĲȻͷ
Ѵפĵطûʲô仯(r)ֶЦ
С˱ĲȻһ˵ñ棺
ӳˣĲҽҲˣ
˷׷׳ӭ˵ĵ
ĲȻ΢Цźʹһһкþصһ㡣
ȻȺ󷽷һϤ()Ӱȵú˳
磬ôҲˣ
˽Ĳ˳Ĳҽæֻ֪ϰˡ
ģĲȻĲ硣
ĲһЦģ
Ѵȥ˵ʳ˱ĲȻӷ硣
ϯ䣬ĲȻѰ˿϶Ĳ纰˳
磬ʵңΪʲô»صѴӣ
ΪҲһô(())ȥɵ(qng)
أ
ȻһӵΣҪּңʵףҲǿϡĲ翪ʼ¶Լ뷨ԴϴΪ׷ѴӺҷҵԼĿ꣬Ҿø塣
ĲȻûв廰Ĳ˵
ȻѴԱΣգҲߣÿһöܳʵΪ֪Ҹɵÿһݻÿһκпܾһˣһˣ
һ(())˰뱲ӣڿʼҪŬˡɷѴԱµ㣡
ĲȻĲϿɢĹâ
ףԼϲְҵ
㲻ڣ
Ҳźڣ
ĲȻסĲ֣֧㣬磡
֪վߡĲǱߣҽͽ͡
ãȻȥǴ绰
Ĳ뿪ĲȻ˵绰֣м˵
ôˣȻ
ڸҸ綼ڷѴӡ
ȥҲ֣ôҲȥˣ
뵱һѴԱ
绰Ƕ˳Ĭˡ
֣ĲȻһ㵹˵ѽ
Ǹӣҹܲˣȥɣ绰ͷһ٣أҲҪѴӣҿɸ㣬һҵİ̳࣬ҵ²أ
ĲȻǳĲƽɽ⡣
ľѪѧڸнഫ˼档
ڹĲƽɽǽҽѧ(din)õʦ
˽Ĳƽɽһֱ(i)
Σ˿ڣĸwУԼĲһڷѴӴƴ
ĲȻȥ
֣ģ˽ҾͻwУ
ҵĺŮ绰ͷĲƽɽʮο
ȥʱѾˡ
ʰӣĲȻϽ˵
ĲҽȥˣղǶӳ绰㣬һֱûͨ
ңַʲôˣ
ĲȻаĥȥ˱￴
˱ĲȻš
ңĲȻֱʡ
ţЩú̸һ̸ˡ
ҲҪ˵
˿()ߵŵ¡
˱ȿ˿ڣӣǲһֱԹң
ĲȻû뵽˱ô˵һ£ع˵
ޣȻޣطΪʲôһֱң
Ϊϲ㣬Ů֮ϲ˱ԭ
ĲȻһϲΪ˱ڸҳ϶Լĸоˡ
Щת䣺ôܽԼ⣡
˱˵ϲ㣬Բ㣬¿ƲסԼĸ(qng)
ȸ㽲ҵ(qng)
˵
ӼѴ񣬹Ҳʮˡû׼һӵøҲˣѴҪȥأ۲˵Σա
һ˵ʵƱӳҶû㣬ӺʱҲҲ()ߣõ£ܵˣ
Ƕӵʯǰոˡ뵱꣬ӿǷ׷ʯҪ̤ظһӣɽأʵܲƶĥ˵(r)ӣѡ֡
Ҳʯ·ǲ(i)Ǹ(i)𡣡һ仰˱һһ˵ģжǧص
ĲȻţҲЩãȻ
ǳԲÿ࣬Ĳ()˵ҪѴԱǾ;ͷţҲ
ĸɽ()ߣʹ
ѵ˱˵֮䣬εǵ˷뿪
Ӵ˺ããңң
ĲȻ(qng)(jn)ǰ˱
ôĸ(qng)ô˵žͷţ
仰Ҳȼ˹˱жĸ(qng)
ѹԼǽסĲȻʼǸ
˶ʼǣͬ׹ػǵ췭ظ(r)޹⡣
ǵü͸
ã˲ŷ뿪
˱ҧǷֿɣ
ĲȻ죬ĲҪ㣬ٸһõĻɣ
˵գʼȥ·¶źƬ()()ߵĴȡ
˱ţҲƲסԼ**ˡ
ĲȻᱧԱߵ()ȥ
ķ()ϣ˱ܿѵԼ()ϵ·**()
ͭɫƤǷļ()ǺɫԱΣն˱
ĲȻ§ס˱ķˣ
һ仰׻˹˱
ܿȥĲȻһ߲òֿʼߡ
ĲȻоԼÿһƤ֮󣬶˲
ʮָͬʱҲ˻Ӧ
Լ˼ĺİøˡ
Լļ(qng)¶һ˿΢Ц
˱()()ﰺ(ͦͦ)ȥڿ㣬׼ĺŽǡ
ֻǴʱֻžҹʮ̶ִ

77.缸

˱ü(ͦͦ)(), һĻ, ûȥӡ
ˡܽ硱, Ȼ󽫵Ҳȡ
˭Ҳǡ
˱ַ()ȥ, ʼ˳档
ĲȻоԼ()ͬͷ񱼵ţ, üţǶסһ㣬Ѹ˰ա
סĽг
˫̧, ס˹˱ķ
˱ҵһһĲȻµ
ĲȻʹڶȹĲʺ󣬿ʼӭ˱Ķ
һҹ˶(qng)͡
£ָּ
õζ
˷, ˳١
ͬɫڣʹ()ղܡ
һλ۷ĲȻ죬۵˯˹ȥ
Ź˱ڴڵĴ, Ҳһ㣬Ρ
ʱ˱Ѳ()ߡ
ĲȻԼ()ʹ
ҹ()缸, ԼǾƣˡ
˵(qng), ĲȻֻδ
ֻǰ˿̲(), ͷЩԵʧ䡣
͵뿪, ͸Ӳζˡ
˼䣬˱ƿš
ˣô˯᣿
˯šôȥʲôˣĲȻ׷ʡ
Ҹ˱һСӡ
ʲôĲȻƫͷɻĿš
˱װǱҩû(to)㻳ϡ
ĲȻЩʧ䣺˱(i)Ľᾧ
ȻһξеļʣҲʵ̫С
˱ҩݸĲȻ
ĲȻ˹׼ȥȴȻı⡣
ָһ£ҩƬָУŹ˱棬װҩƬС
˱ûпͷݸĲȻ·Թȥվ
ĲȻܾˣ㻹ǴǸɻȥԼߣ
ĲȻ뾪ѴԱʰһ£׼뿪
ʱпѣԼҪ뿪
ݺģŤͷߣҲûлͷ
ĲȻֻصwУصĲƽɽͳ̾()ߡ
һ㲻أĲƽɽջصҵĲȻ˸(r)õ()裬ĲȻ(i)ȵġ
֣Ӧ㣬ҿ϶Ͱϰɣ
ЪһЪ
ã뿪λôãҲȥ
ڶ죬ĲȻͶ뵽ŵĹС
ڼӦ֮ĲȻ
ϾҽԺһ̨ʮ˳
ֺͻʿ֪Ǹ̨ܵĲҽֻˡ
ֻĲȻ·˸ˡ
ٶѵЩʵϰҽǳĬţһ̨һ̨絽
·Ҫµȫϡ
ҽԺֵҹģÿͻһˡ
ĲȻֱҵֵֹĸԺҪаҹࡣ
ԺΪĲƽɽ˼Ӧˡ
ĲȻʼסҽԺΪסԺֵࡣ
¾סҽԺˡ
տʼʱĲƽɽĲȻô๤úοΪȫ()ڹˡ
ŸоЩԾ(r)(i)ҽݹҲܳסҽԺﰡ
һ죬ĲƽɽҵֵĲȻߣһȥҺҽ
Ҳȥ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô֣ҼȻӦҪİ࣬ҾͲΥŵҵ·ʽҲ㲻Ҫҡ
Ĳƽɽ֪ĲȻַ˾󾢣һʱȰˡ
ص˼У̾ӭȻôû
ʲôأһҪסҽԺˣ˵ʲô
ôô£̾żˡ
ҹƻΪ˱£
̾üȥҲǰ취
ַȰ˵ʼҲûЧĲȻǴҽԺ׼Ӻû(r)ûҹϰࡣ
ĲƽɽַҽʿȰҲûʲôЧ
ºĲؼˡ
ʱ̾ڼңûϳ
ΪĲƤˣ()ҲˣԵøӽʵ
̾۲ѣĲĸ첲ܿˣ
Ĳһ˦ͷٺһ֣裬ģҹúܺãξݼǡ
ȥˣóԵģ
̫ˣĲˣĲ˳̾һܱ
ʱĲƽɽ°
ĲڼңЩԾü
Сӣ֪һΪڷѴǣβأ
̾ԱĲ˵ʲôأӻӦø˲ŶԣŸذˣ
Ҹˣ㿴ڵӣܸ𣿡
Ĳ˾䣺֣ôˣѴԱҹúܳʵ()ã(qng)泩ؼǶԱǶҺãǹ˶ӳ
˶ӳ˵˱Ҽǵǰϣô˵ûˣ
̾Щ֣ôӶԹ˱̬ʮȴת䣿
Ϊֵҳްȥˡ
Ĳ˵ÿڿʣץ豭ཹེһڣ˵
ԼãȻϸ񣬿˽ȴʮֹġҶ͵͵ʹЩѴԱûһ˵˱ģе˵ôôۣܼܴԭΪڣ
⼸ɻҷرټֵ£ӭж⡣Ȼûʲô飬˵ȴǳλ˵͸ȾΪҲϡ
Ĳƽɽͳ̾Ĳ˵Ȳѣû뵽Ӷǹ˱ôߵۡ
̾ȥĲͷ
ʲô裿
ǲǷˡ
ʲôգ裬Ҹղ˵Ŀɶʵ
ĲȻʲôĲƽɽ֣ôȻû°ࣿ
ˣҽԺˣ
ô£Ĳ׷ʡ
̾ŰŻش𣺡ѾͷӷѴӻһֱҽԺסԺֵ࣬˭ȰҲ
裬˵¶ûؼס
̾ŵͷ
Ҹ绰
Ĳת()Ͳ룬ֻ˹ȥ
Ȼģ
ҽԺֵࡣ
һؼˣһ档
ţ࣡
̾ҡҡͷ(qng)
ûãĲȻͻˣЦſĲ磺
ôǰҲкڷѴӹô
(ͦͦ)õģ
Ĳ򵥸ĲȻ˼䣬Գ̾ż˼ۣ
裬Ҷˣû
̾æϣˣȥ˲ˣ
һĿžһŲǰ
ԹĲҪԼþòϵĸϵԼ䣬ĲȻ͸ĸ¶Ŀռ䡣
Ȼ˵ʵǲлŹ˱
ǳ̾ȴ˳Ĭ
һǵĸĲȻڿ˵ʵǣ
ΪʲôĲƽɽʡ
֪
Ȼ롣
ĲȻ˼֣裬Ƕ֪Ǵӹ¶Ժġǲ֪˱Ҳǹ¶Ҹͬһ¶Ժ
Ĳƽɽͳ̾ŶһĲȻûǽ
¶Ժʵûôã洩ůԲܱԱŰ巣
ЩСҲѧȥ۸ЩӻСܲңҾǸ
Ҫûй˱ţҸЩ۸ҵСҰҹȥ͵Եģû׼ҶѾˣ((Ʊ))ˡ
ʱЩ(r)ľĲȻ۾ƺص()
̾ǵһԼŮ˵Щ۵ĽĲȻ֣
Ȼû뵽ǰôĿࡣ
Щʡ
ĲȻҡҡͷĥѣʵںͷ

78.Ϊ

̾޷ԼĶ䣺иҵ£
ţ()
û뵽Ǹ߽޵, ʱ첻Ӧ, еصز, Ҹеľ
Һù˱ʱ֣Ҵħо˳
һ·, ǸҺʹĵط
ʱǻС֪ȥǺ¸ٰ߽ץȥ, ͱܿ·, ˳ƫƧС·ɽꡣ
Ƿ¶ޣ˺Ȫˮ˴ҰҰãǡʵڶܲ, ֻôɽ³
Ǿôͣͣһꡣ˵ʱ, ˱ʱҲʮ꣬ǾͿΪ, ʲôóԵ, ҳԡ
, ǻǱҵ, »ص˹¶Ժ
Ǻٳ£ϵԺ, µ¶, ˭ҲûаôҲпǸ߽е, Ҳû˵ͷŹǡ
һֱڹ¶Ժţ˱ң͵͵뿪¶Ժҵȵǹߡ
ʱһʮģ˵õĲֿԶһأΪʲôҪ뿪ߡֱϴȥqĺˮлټһֱ𣬾ʮꡣ
ĲȻʱ̾档
ĲȻ˹§ڻӣû뵽ȥôࡣ
ֶ̾Ĳƽɽ˵Ȼô͹˱ĸ(qng)ôǾͱ𷴶˰ɣ
Ĳƽɽ̾ˣǿŤĹҲֻҪ˱ϴ˷ѴӵĹһְҵܸȻҾͬǽһ𡣡
̾ĲȻͷҲΪãҲ
ĲȻ֪ѴӵĹԹ˱˵ʮҪ
Ʊȵ컹ѡ
ɿų̾ĲȻֲľܾ
УȰȰԡĲȻӦˡ
Ĳƽɽͳ̾ž˿
ǾŮţǼ⣬ӲҪ͹˱һ𣬵ԿۣǸͲԸġ
ϻصԼķ䣬ĲȻ˱˸绰
û
ʲô£
˵벻ҡĲȻʵ
롣绰ͷ
ĲȻźܸˣ˵Ҳࡣ
ô£Ұȥ¸Ұ˵ˣԭͬһ𣬵˸
ʲô
һݹ
ܣѴһӶңߣ˱ûĲȻĻе˵
˵ҲھҪ뿪ѴӡҰҲǵ޶ԺҸԿۡ
绰ͷĬһ£Щ֪Ҳһֱԥſദԭ򡣡
ӣҲԸ뿪Ѵӣ뿪𣿡
ĲȻ˳ڴ𡰲ᡱɻδȴԥˣĸͷô죿
ĸĲȻֻô˵
˱ҲĲȻԥЩ֪ˣ컹Ҫ𣬾͵ɣ˵绰
ĲȻ(qng)Ҳͬʮֵ䡣
δ·ôߣҲûаա
ؼԼûãܷܲеһУֻΪһ
Ĳһָֻǰƽ
ĲȻճϰֻ࣬ǲֵҹˡ
ĲӸĸ뿪Ѵӣʼ׼һĹ
ڳ̾ţڼҴţ(r)ӹõҲƽʡ
죬ĲͶһһ˾оԼûʲôϣ
ϾԼûʲô飬ʮˣҪӵײԱֲġ
ĲЩڣѵԼȥ׷룬Ǵˣ
ʱֻһϤĺ벦˹ģ
ĲϤС
ɾĺ룬볹׽ȴû뵽ԼǶθ(qng)߳ʱȻ˵绰
ڻйϵ𣿡ĲӲĻش
㻹wжԲԣҹˣ
˵ʲôĲ绹ΪԼˡ
ģҸ·ɻǼ˵
ʲô£
Ͼйôһο̹ĵĸ(qng)Ĳ粻ܾ̾
ϼ·ʮaȹݼĲ˵˸طϽ
ټСʱĲЩп֮ǰϦദ˰
òδ䣬ȴࡣ
ڿСֱ˵磬ҴˣҲ뿪㡣Ǻͺðɣ
ԭСڳΪ̵(qng)˺󣬹˼˿ȸĺ(r)ӡ
ڴ̳㹺Ƶ꣬񫡣
ֻּ˱ƯŮˣʱͽΪ(r)ƻ
ǰ죬˦һʷַѣԼı
Сʹ˺ü죬ĲĺãɹҪعںá
Ĳ羲С˵ޱ(qng)
ãǻһϣ𣿡
ֱӾܾС
СЩЪЪΪʲô¿ʼ
Ĳ˺ģΪҾ㲻䣡
ȥʱĵ̨ʣֻʣСһ磬Ȼˡ
ҲǺڡ
ʵĲ粢ûбô
Ͼ(qng)ⶫ붪ܶġ
Ĳȥư
ưɣwСǰǵá
ưм̨djò񫣬
ʱ̨ϸ衰աľ̨ɢ̨Χ˽
Ĳֱ̨˸߽ŵ¡
ưòѯʣҪʲô
Ĳ磺ƬΡ
õģԵȣ
ʦݸĲ硣
Ĳȵúܿ죬ʮѾǡ
˷ɴҪһƿء
ȵͷĲȻ̨߸һż
ҵdjdjͬˡ
ǣŮʿǣλĲҪ̨ҳ׸裬û֣Լдĸ裬ݳ
µЩ졣
̨ǳ˶ˣǱ˵ĳ
Լģ֮١
˰ĿͶ̨ŵĲ硣
Ĳ˿һˣüһλʡ
Ҳ()ڣҲ׷߹(r)ӣȴڡ
ӣȴŸ(qng)
Ĳ˵Լĸ(qng)Ͷ廳
ܶ˶ţɴԼĻ䡣
Ҫȥ׷Ѱҵ룬¹ɽأ⡭
˵ɺ͸ھưƮ(())˲پưֹͣ˵
һˣǳĬһ󣬽𣬻˽˺á
Ĳ絯һͷ泩ˣ¼վ()˾Ϲлл
صԼλʱλŽ˿۾ʿĲǺȥȱƣ֪Ƿ
˳Ž˿۾ָȥֻһʮҺʵŮˣʮľϣ΢Цʾ⡣
Ĳûоܾ
Լһ˴Ҳû˼ȥʲô
Ĳʱֵվ
һ£ɯƬ˾³ܣ
ãܣ
ЦЦҪô⣬ȫºҺ½С
ȻָĲ֡
£ʼ
ĲǲѧԺҵģº˸⡣
ǣֻҵ(i)öѡ
ºЩȣȷʵ˵ֿư˶û
עĲ磺벻ǹ˾ԼĳƬ
ĲһӾͱ仰ˡ
ʱ룬ӵԼĸ裬óǧ˴
ڣҪˣû뵽(qng)ת
Ĳ̧ͷΪʲôң

79.

ºĲĻ, Цˣôûţ֪֪ղԱԳı, ҿԸ㣬wȫܴﵽˮƽ, ࡣ, һⶼȦһϯ֮ء
º˶٣仰˵ҷǳϵ, Ҫ, Ϊһ֣
Ĳĳȡ
, һֱд, ûԼߵ̨ǰ, ݳ
ºôһ˵, ѳŵֿʼôã
ºĲЩ⶯, Ȱ˵
ҵ۹⡣֪ﴫ𣿡
֪, ǵĸ趼ȫˡ
Ǹճʱǹ˾װ, ҽƹġ
, Ǵǹ˾߳ȥġ, ǹ˾, һ߳һԼֵ·
ִĲ׷Ѱ, ֻʶŮѱ, ĲЩĻ䡣
ºһ, ᶨĵͷãҸߣ
Ĳͺºµ绰, Լְ͸ºȥ۶
ڶȥyˮְ֣
Ȼ󵽷Ѵ˵(qng)ִҴһصУĲƽɽǸ
Ĳƽɽͳ̾ŶĲ()˽⣬Ҳûô̫ȡ
ѶĲֻ֣ϣÿġ
ǿĲһһ϶ӵ۶
ΨĲȻĲ룬ΪĲľеˣ
ȥɣڸ̳ɾͣͷչˣ
лл㣬ȻĲܸж
ʰźº˷ɵ۶ĺࡣ
ɺ󣬸ϴ⿴ֵԽԽСwȻԶȥ
ĲпҲ֪ӭԼµọ́
ĲߺĲȻָֻǰ״ΪƴŮɣӰࡣ
̾źȰһȰҪôƴĲȻ˵裬Һȫ()Ͷ빤״̬㲻õġ
ڳԷ׼ʱǳԵʱҲ䷹Ӷ࣬ĲȻõθθס
ϸĵĳ̾ŷ֣ĲȻŻ¡
ĲȻڷѴӵľ̾Щľ
ҽԺҵĲȻһԣȻ˵ʵǲǻˣ
ĲȻʱһ㶣ŷӦ̾ΪԼŻµ¡
ʵ˵ʵĲȻҲϣܹУ֪ԼûС
ĲȻһ¿ֱӳ£װ˼ӣ裬µˡ
ĲȻȻɬӣ̾Ŷʱˡ
Ĳƽɽ󣬳̾ŽĲȻе¸
ʲôˣĲƽɽû뵽ĲȻ͹˱չô졣
ô죿̾ʡ
ô죬裡ֻͬһˡĲƽɽ̾ʾ(qng)
ûãĲȻ°ؼңĲƽɽͳ̾ŶɳϣЩ֣֣裬ôûϢ
ĲƽɽȿڣȻ¶˵㻳ˣ
ţĲȻͷ
͹˱ģ
û
ôģ
Ҫһ𡣡ĲȻ˵Լ뷨
ˣŮɣ
֣ͬˣĲȻϲ
ͬ⻹ô죬Ҫ⹫ˣ
֣裬ã֮£ĲȻĲƽɽͳ̾ţһ¡
ҽԺӰ⼸죬ĲȻҲˣ۹˱ʲôڲڷѴӣԼҪһһ
ڶ죬ĲȻĲƽɽ˼٣ʰҪȥl
˿ټ˱Լﻰ
ĲȻ˳Ѵפأȴû˱
븴Ȼȥɻȥˡ
е
صĶԱʯĲȻ(qng)ЩȻĲҽôˣ
ʯҺôҲǷѴӵʱԱôͲˣ
ĲȻ(qng)ܺãʯЦ
ӣ׼ס
ԣѽ׼ǹ˶ӳסһ𡣡ĲȻЦеġ
ܣʯѿڶ
ôͲܣĲȻ׷ʡ
Ĳҽмҵø㣬ڻɱʱˣ˫۶ˡģ˵ʲô˵ĻǶӳͬ(qng)Ҫ顣
ʲôĲȻϢ÷飬ܶˡ
Լ;ϣѵ͵Ľ
˱ô죿
ĲȻ(qng)ЩȻʯһ뷨ȻԺʯû˵ʵ˻ţ
Ŷ׼ϯҪȥϲĲȻʯ
ʯû뵽ĲȻôʣֽţҲ֪
ĲȻ׷ʣӦ֪ɣ
ʯʵĿ࣬ܶߡ
ĲȻ׷((Ʊ))ʹ˱ȥ򣺡׹˱ôˣʯøʵ
סĲȻ((Ʊ))ȣʯ˵ʵ
ʧģҪǺϣ֡ǹ˶ӳˣ
ĲȻͷֱ³ô£
ǰ磬˶һںӵ٣Ϊһʧ̤յĶԱƵȫشԼڷˤ()ڣˤһȡ
ǽӳ͵ҽԺϵĽֹۣҽ֫
ڶ֫û
֪
ĲȻЩżֱӾҽԺϡ
˱˵绰ûͨ
룬ָĲƽɽȥ˵绰
ĲƽɽԺǰҽԺǿҽʦ
ӵĲȻ绰ȰĲȻҪģϸҽԺԺϵ
ĲȻ绰߬УĶˡ
Ĳƽɽ˵绰ûʼ֫ҽԺϹȥ
ĲȻ˿
ʮĲƽɽҽȥĻ(qng)ת
ĲȻϵyҽԺʱĲƽɽҲǰŹˡ
Ժӭ˳˽˹˱(qng)
Ƭϥ¿()ۡؼϥѪܶѪ3Σδͨ(qng)ֻܽ֫˱ûͬ⡣
ȥ˱ǣĲƽɽ
ʱ˱ҩ˯ȥˡ
ĲȻ()һȦĹ˱ĥ޲()
Ĳƽɽϸ˻ڣͬǿҽĵƬӽлȷ֫
ĲȻʱҵһĲƽɽԸ
˱̨˲
̨ʱһٶĲƽɽĲԺһסҵȣ
Ĳƽɽͷʾ⣺ģ
ĲȻǺңͷֺ֣˱ûϳ
еʮֽš
Ĳƽɽ棬ȡȻ΢ϥڵѪһ˳
˽ʮСʱ
ְؽڸϺݶʽɡ
Ҫ۲죬û췴Ӧ
ʮСʱ󣬽˸飬ؽڹ̶ãѪͨɹ
һϢĲȻʹ顣
ղŸĲƽɽʱһֱţܺá
ɹϢԼȫɣʵ(qng)¶˳
һԵĲƽɽˣٸн
ףԼŮǳݽȥˣ˱УռмҪĵλ
ĲƽɽӴ˸绰ɹˡ̾ţҿȹ˱ԺͬŮˡҿ(qng)
˱ָô
У²м·
ǲУҲͬ⣡̾ųԡ

80.ԧ

̾Ž˵˱һȳ, ûȻҪԶٿࣿΪŮ()ҸҼͬ⡣
ˣһ, ɵøҶЩ
Ĳƽɽµ绰, ҡҡͷĲȻ͹˱(qng), ˵Ƿֿֿܷġ
Ȼĵڶ, ĲȻ˱㻤
˱Щִ(qng)ԸĲȻ㻤
ӣ㹤, Լչ˺Լ
ĲȻµ뷨, ǰĥͷӲ, (jn)ס˹˱֣Ŀڣ˵ʵǲǺԺ²м뽫ҸϿġ
˱ڲ(), ĬһᣬûпĲȻӣҶˣͱˡ
, Ҷû, ôͷˣ㽫ɲм, ҲҪһӣĲȻᶨ˵
˱ʮָжӣǾ̫ίˣҲô˽
ĲȻ֮仹̸ʲôίίֻҪһٴĿҲ¡
˱û˵ʲôĬĲȻ顣
Ϊ˹˱ĲȻʼѧ
æҵڳ˼Σеˮ̨ǡ
ĲȻɹһΡ
ǵ()ָкô
ĲȻð(r)ݸ˹˱
ȻϣĿŹ˱
˱˹Ҩһڣ˴ȻͽС
΢üͷȻһھȥ
ĲȻЩţúȣ
˱ЦʲôҶ(i)ȣ
ĲȻһһ룬Ѻȣһȥ
˱סߣҺȣ
ʼڴڵĺ
ͬиСֱŤһ(qng)ΣӶɷ˵
˼ûԼӶ
ĲȻˣת()ǶСЦЦ
֪ΪΣӡ֣ĵĨһ㣬˵ˡ
(r)ӣĲȻڹ˱()ߣҪô˵ЩȤ£˴˵ùЦ
Ҫô֣ʲôҲ˵ôĬĬػ
˵ĸ(qng)Ѹ£ΧĲѶԸо
˽˲δвѴȤҪĲȻڲͷϲǣҲմմϲ
ĲȻЩмι˱ˡ
ûˣͲгĻᣬҲû͵ʱ⡣
˼(r)˱յһ
ͺϣ͹ģyƵٰ
˱ʱ()ݸĲȻҪȥɣ
ĲȻͷӦõģȥԼҲҪȥף
ûãĲȻӵ˺ϣֵĵ绰ֱȥμӻˡ
Ҿ˵ҲӦûңҶϵ绰ĲȻЦЦ
ʮʮ˷־УĲȻϵʱϣִһ()ɫװ괩һϮɫɴȥʮֵǶԡ
ĲȻ߽ǰȥ˺ףף(qng)ճɾ
꿴ĲȻԵرˣлл㣬ĲҽϣֶҺܺãɷҵˣҺ㣡
ϣһЦúϲ£죺ҵˣҵˣ
ĲȻֽдףһ˹
ûãܹҸףףҸӣ
ϣǸ˲ѣϴ⣬Ҿͺˣ
꿴ĲȻ֪ʲôʱܳͱϲƣ
ĲȻЩ˼û!ڻֻͨѣ
ͨѣϴȥ¸˵ˣ㡭
˺ϣ̸ֵˣȱˣϻͿʼ
ĲȻ˵˾䣺Ĳҽ쵽ᣡ
Ȼźϣ̨Ҵȥ
ڻĻУϣֺ()վǰģָ
ĲȻĳ
Ҳ֪ԼʲôʱܺͱһҸʱ̡
ĲȻڲμӻ·ϣӵ˳̾ŵĵ绰
㻹ҽԺ𣿡
ĲȻʣ裬ϻҽԺʲô£
ҽԺС԰ٸ˵
ʲô£뵥˵
Ŀܼꡣ
ĲȻ룬ѵΪ˱£
̾ʱһ
ĲȻʣ裬ôˣʲô
ӣô
ܺãչҡ
Ȱ𣿡
ѽ裬ͱӣ¿˵
ôģջϣϽȥҸwõĴ򣬱֤ûк֢
ȵ裬˵ȥ̥
ѽôΪá㲻ûǹ˱ûкӣҲϵˡ
裬ʵ˵ɣҲûлУĲȻòų̾ˣ˵˳
˵ûлĺӣ̾һ㶣Ц̫ˣ춼ҡǻ˵ʲôǹ˱һˣؼܶʤ˱ٱ
裬ôôϹ˱أĲã
ŮѽǱ(qng)ͷԡʵͣΣգڲǳѵ߲·չһӣ
裬˱Ǿûпϣ˵ˣ治·һӣԸ⣡
㡭̾÷ôͲȰأ
˽ּ䣬ĲȻֽӵһ绰Ĳġ
Ȼ㿴ҽѧԺ߲⣬иŻºô죿
ʲô
ʲôҲźºȥ۶ˡ
ңǺģ
绰ͷٺֱ֣ǣ
ĲȻ԰磬׷˺½㣬Ӷˣ
Աߵĳ̾Ͱ಻סĲȻѵ绰
ӹʵŮһ𣿡
裬Ҳڣû㱨£һ׼һٸ㾪ϲأ
ϲĲ磬Ҹ㣬ҰҲˣȻ˸赱ϱѶӸˣҰ
裬ͷм£ٸģĲƲã׼ҵ绰
СӸҵţȥ۶㣡ιι
̾ſĲȻһۣû㣬ú˵Ļ
ȻͼҴ뿪ҽԺ
ĲȻҡҡͷ׼۶ԧȥˡ
ĲȻҲЩ⡣
ºҲĲӡУºĲʮ꣬ҲƯǸϬŮǿˡ
ķҲĲż׼
Ҳ֪ô(qng)չô죬Ѹߵһ
ѵĲǰŮѵĴ̼ΪԼҵɫࣿ
˽ĲƢ()Ӧòԭ
䣬Ĳĵ绰ִ˹û
ˣ
Ǿͺã¡
ʲôȥ۶ȥˣҪ׼
ʲôãȰȰѽҪˣ
Լ£Լʰ˵ôߵһأ
Ĳ򵥽ص۶ľ
ںº˾װ£ͨѡͳר̶ʱջһҷۡ
³һ׸軹Ϊ۶˰üĹע
УĲͺºϦദҲ˽⵽Ůǿ˱һ档
ԭߵ죬Ҳǳ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶ࿲
ֻרʹѧУ۶ƴ
˹ӣݷԱ
һżȻĻᣬ̽򣬵һ㳲ĶߵӾԱ
һЩ־Ľãչ˾
ĸж£ȻзʱͶʣù˾ܹӪȥ
׳󣬲Ľ졣
ºʮĲĲŻҲ()ı()򶯣ûã׹(qng)һξ(qng)֮˾ʽߵһ
ĲĽĲȻôͺͺºˡ
ԼľĲȻ˵˾䣺
磬ǶԵģȥ׷ѰҸɣ

81.

֪̾ԼŮƢ(), ڱʱЩġ
˱˸绰, ϣܷ֣ĲȻҸ, Լ, ͸()мϢ
˱, һֱ֪Լ()м
ĲȻнʵ̾˵(qng)ӣ˵ʵ, Ȼɹǲǻ()мԺֻȳ·
ĲȻҧ˭˵, õ!
˱ЦЦҽԶԲ(qng)
ĲȻһ£Ǹ˹˱ࡣ
˿˱, (qng)ʮƽ·ûϢһ㡣
ĲȻһӾ
Ϊ˱޷ʵ, ʲôõͷ
ȥҡҡ˱ĸ첲һǣ, , ˵仰
˱(qng), µô£ĲȻĺ󱳣
, Ҳ벻ɷѴһ, ׼ˡ, ܽܡ
û£ĲȻе㲻š
˱ĲȻרע֪ӣӽּϵһ̣뵽ĲǱˣ㡣ֻҪܺҾҲֿ
֮ǰѹʱԼ⸱ģʵĴ㡣ίŲϽ㡣û뵽ǵĸ(qng)˼ᶨʱͶԼ˵Ժٷʲô£ҲⱲӣֻܳΪҵŮˣ
仰ĲȻ۽ʪ󣬵ǡµ(qng)ΪУҸ()С
(qng)(jn)§ס˹˱
ͬʱҲǶԱĥ˵ף
ĲȻʼĲƽɽķЭ˱пơ
ÿ(r)ŰĦȲչ˶Ȼ⣬׵ѣٵ࣬ܿŹߡ
ĲȻ͹£˱ָٶȾˣº󣬾ܲùȣǽߡ
ͨƬ飬ϥؽڴָܿ죬йͷ֯ں
֪(qng)εԺҲȲѣָٶҲ̫ˡ
һԭһǹ˱()ܷǳʢĲȻչ˵÷ǳã˵״̬
ƣ˱ƿԸԭ
ԺķĲȻҲˡ
ӿ˶ĲĿѵҽԺÿ䣬ܿĲȻͬ˱ɢ(qng)
ɽǰݵؼ䣬£()Ӱ
ĲȻһִԼں͹˱ڳ״̬Ҹ
ҪǰĿĲȻ()ߵ˳ɾͺ£һ˶
һΰȥˣĲƽɽԸϵҽԺ˱˸顣
ҲΪ˱ٵĿԾ
(qng)ָʮá
ֻҪø˱кܴļʲȳ
֣⸴ҽԺ𣿡
ãֻҪչ˵úãؼҲ
ܲܽ˱ӻؼ
ĲƽɽʱѾ۲쵽ԼŮԹ˱(qng)
ĲȻ˵ͷ
̫ˣллְ֣ĲȻ˷ܣ˱ͷ
Ǹ˵СŮˣżҪҵԼ()ϵĲȻĲƽɽЦҡҡͷ
ĲȻź֪ɿ֣֣ʵ̫ˡ
֪ˣʰʰ׼ؼҰɣ
̾Ҳ׼ʰؼˡ
˵۶ûдԸ
ĲҪºһ
ĵһ죬˾ͳ˸췭ظ
Ĳû뵽Լĸô˵۶
վʱ̾žȰĲ磺ǸŮʲôõģԵߵ
裬ô˵
ûô˵أͿʼάˡҲ룬ʮ꣬ˡҪҽôദ
ĲҪദ裡
ҾöˣûôϵĶϱ
裬ô룬ͬҲãͬҲãҾҪºһ𣡡
ң
Խ˵Խֳ
Ĳһ˦ӣͷҲؾȥˡ
һᣬŸֿ˳ó̾ϳ
һ·ϣ˶û˵ĸôš
ºæŻ
ϵʱմӱɢĳ̾Ųڶ
ЦЦӭǰȥ
ǲĸɣ㡣
̾û뵽ºȥᣬ͡
ӡУʮŮӦˣ˲ҽӽ͡
Ȼһӡ󻹺ã̾Żά䵭ֻ̬ǵͷ˵ã
ȻͳԼȥ
̾ͲסںºУֻΪʱ̫
׼ȶͰȥ
ȻһҪȰӻת뿪۶
Ĳ統Ȼͬ⣬˵ʲôҪȥסǴ֮Ļɴѳ̾ŵ£ᵽԼͺºҡ
̾ûа취ֻס
˿ʼһСһ󳳡
ܳ̾ô˵Ĳǲɿڡ
һ죬º°磬ԹͿʼڲŻ¡
ʱɫҰס
̾ŻĲʱҲ(qng)Σ֪ΪﷴӦԵʡ
ˡ
̾һЩƻЩƻ
ºרŵͣ׼濾㽶
Щܹ֢״̾ºˡ
лл㣬ĸºæʾл
ϵʱ򣬺ºĲ˵£
Һܺð˵
Ĳüûǵӣ
ȰȰ裬ҲףԶزġ
֪
ºһϢʱ䣬Ĳų̾ţڵ۶˹䣬̾˺ܶ·
̾ſóºԼùϵ
(r)Ķӣ̾˲ˣҪ꺢˵
ܿºͷˣ˸кװֵġ
ºĸȥ꣬ҲȢ˼ĸһҲûչӡ
̾ûа취ֻչͺӡ
ȻæңȴΪӵĹϵԼͺºԽԽһˡ
⣬ͨôʱദ̾Ҳ˽˺ºľƷ()
һڵ۶ƴʵҲܲס
ҲˣĲϲºѪԵʡ
˿ڣĬĲͺºĹϵ
Ĳ費ٷԣǸˡ
һҵ̾ţ裬ºǼһ£ҲҶСͷδŮ
費ԣԼ
ͬˣĲ̫ˣ
Ĳĸ質ҵ˳˳ˮ
Ϊ˼ҵ󣬾ºĽ飬ֻȥ˽֤ûоٰϯ
Ĳºŵר˳УҾ͸㲹һʢĻ񣡡
º(i)ĹιĲıӣ֮ĸ(qng)Ҫ֤
ҲҪ!Ĳǿı̬
УġϯҪܹڵ۶ǻwУҲһ
ã
ֹ˰꣬ۿٽ()ˡ
СͷۿҲ꣬ʼ
Ĳר׶Σÿʼˡ
Ϊ˴ƴҵĲͳ̾СͷwУһרϣͺº͸ϻwоٰ
̾ŴСɻwС
̬̾귢ܴı䡣
ڷɻϣ˾ģٸ˱ĲȻ¡
ֻҪܹҸĸʲôֹأ

82.ʳ֪ζ

ؼҵʱ, ĲƽɽĲȻ()ʱõƷ
̾Żؼң˶ʮָˡ
֮ǰ̾ŸǴ˵绰˵()ǰܴСͷ
ֻǲ֪Ȼô졣
ĲȻСĴӳ̾нӹСͷ, Լ¶һ΢Ц
ԼĺӰԼһСľ͵Ϲùˡ
Сͷ̾չˣĲȻеĹ˱˳
ĸã˱ĲȻʾ, ӲͷƤһ
ѾԤҪ̾ŵˡ
̾ŵɨһۣ()岻, ȻϢɣ
ƽͣǸ˵һ㡣
˱ĲȻһ㶡
̾ŵķӦ, ǵԤϡ
ĲȻ˹̾ŵ֣, 㲻Һͱһˣ
̾ŰĲȻһۣססһ, ҷԻʲôã
ĲȻϲ, Ͻ˱ɫ
Ÿʲô, Ͻ谡
˱ŷӦ, ų̾źһ裡
̾ŵͷӦˡ
ĲȻ(qng), ׷
ĲƽɽȰɱˣ
ĲȻش𣺡İɣû£
صң˱Щף˹ˣôͻȻת(), ˣ
ĲȻŹ˱Ħ, һ˵ҲΪҸµµġ밡, ĬҸ, Сؼңǵ¿϶Ҳᷴˣ
ȥǼǽ飬òã˱Ȼðôһ䡣
ôô
ˡ
ĲȻҡͷһⶼûУУ
˭ϵ˱Ȼת()ϥ()ӻͳһöָ
ӣǴκˮ˺ȥسĽָһָϡһڵˡԸöָҵŮ𣿡
Ź˱ӣĵ۾ĲȻͷֱ
һ죬Ҳܾˡ
Ȼôȴܵ˱(qng)ꡣ
⣬㹻
ĲȻ۽Щʪصĵ˵ͷһ˿Ը⣡
ӹָĲȻ˳Ƶ˱Ļ
һˣ
ǰ£ĲȻҪˡ
ɣ֮껹ܼܲԼİ
үĺͨһˮ͵()ԡ
ʱദ֮(qng)תΪҵ(i)(qng)
䣬бõ
Ǽ죬ĲȻŹ˱˷˴ֲڵĺӡ
ٴϰɫװ˱ʶ˱仯
ĲȻֻһͷ̫˧ˣ˧ԼЩĿѣ
ӣ𣬻涨ĲȻ¶΢Цͷ΢΢ڹ˱ļ
(r)ֵıУ()ڲڶ
Ĳƽɽһϲһ
ĲͺºȫѲϲ
ڵ绰Ĳƽɽͳ̾Űꡣ
ȻǧĲƽɽҲеŨŨ(qng)
()ڣҽڣϲϼϲ
Ĳƽɽ˸ˣ֪Ȼȶˡ
ﻹţúúãĲ˶ڱӣ
ԱĲȻһһ
()ڹ󣬹˱ʽΪĲҵһԱ
ÿ(r)ĥˣĲȻĵġԽԽѹסˡ
ֻǵĶԹ˱ָãʼûпڡ
һ죬˱ǹǼܣá
ѵƥǣ
ǣĲȻʹ˵ͷ
ɱƥǺ󣬼ӵĹ˱ĲȻȥַ֮ʬһ·ǰС
紵(r)ɹϳ涣ҧٳʱֻʣ¹Ǽܡ
ĲȻ˵ʲôҲӵǼܡ
˱ôȰҲ
ĲȻ˵ǿƥǲ߳ɭ֣᲻á
ʵľ
뵽Լʱ(qng)ܰġ
Ҳ¡
ǹһ·ĲȻص¶ԺָĲٴˡ
е⣬˱ͻȻ׹
§סĲȻοģҲˣ
ĲȻڵܲסϸϸ˵һϡ
˱΢ЦĲȻ͵˵仰
£ĲȻͷҲ㣬ɣ
ĲȻЩɣܲ˵ȣ
˱ЦЦǶɱСĽ
Ҿͻ()ĸǣܾܲܵסĲȻצ˹ȥ
ĲȻڹ˱()ϣǰ˼ĺˡ
צΪ˱()š
˶ļ()ɽһ()š
ԼƬɽмۡ
ݵأƹľκХķӶ߻ƮݵĳӭƮ衣
ĲȻ૵ˣ
һĲȻ죬ֱΪһ̲ˮڹ˱()ǰ
˱ĲȻúˮ(i)磺ͷСĸǣҶҪ챻Եȥ
ĲȻŪŹ˱ļӦҪǿܣҵĶӣһ˭ҲܽǷֿ
ļ죬ĲȻʳ֪ζſңʼ˱ĳҹ񻶡
ЩҲż͸һЩ̾źĲƽɽУҲЩͨ졣
ĲҲ̫ǵ˰ɣҲ֪ܻܻ䡣̾
Щ̰()֮Ƕ⣡ĲƽɽȰ
Ҳǣܸܲ˵ע㣿ˣ˯ʱŵ֡
ĲȻſڹ˱()ʱĸ
ԥһ£ǲӰ쵽ˣ
˱ĲȻ§뻳ɵѾͷͬǵΪŻ֡໥ϲүס
ĲȻ()أ㵲ס
ԣ
ҿˣ
ڹ˱Ĵָ£ĲȻȼ(qng)
滺н˱ֿٽٷֿ
()ڲӿ(r)ϼӿ춯ķȡ
ĲȻ𽥼ӿ죬Ź˱ƵıϢ
˵˱ǲãԭϱ۵ҰǼĸ߳֡
ڲͣĵУҰΪһ壬һ磬󵽲񷾡ͷ
ãĲȻŴ״̬˳()һ㡣
()ͷڹ˱ĸ첲ϡ
ܿ
ӣô˵أ
ĲȻ͸ӣڵҹգûʲôǷпҾǰһɽֻҰˡǶ(r)Ȼ࣬ȴڹ¶Ժڼֵ(r)ӡ
ӣ֮ҲȥˡҪ߱ɽˮõģõġ
ĲȻֱŹ˱˫˵ЩҪġֻҪ()ߡĶǺɽˮ
˱ĲȻͷҵӣõŮˡ
ĲȻ˱ůĻ͹˱ø
գգ۾Ϯô˯ȥˡ
ĲȻһӹڣת¾͹ȥˡ
˱𽥿Բȣ߳ʮ֮Զ
ԸĲȻӲҪĲȻȥϰࡣ
ĲȻ˱תҲûǿʼҽԺϻؼ˱
˱(r)ӹʮֻ̹ЩԾ
ѵáݣ
˱ҡҡͷ˵ӡ
лƵĻжγס˹˱
֪ԼĵǴӺζ

83.Ŀ

ϲֳɷýĿ, ɷõĶ, һͥǶ˼ͥ
Ǳȶ˵ģΪ˫ɥʧ
˱ԼĲȻĽ, ӷϵڶȥ, ĲȻӸûзӦ
Ҫ֪ûвȡдʩ, ֱӺĲȻ𽵹
Ҳ˵п()Ƿ⡣
ͷһɣ̻ڹ˱޷ɢ
˱Ĳƽɽ̸, ֮䴦úܺá
ǹʱ, Ƕ˶Ŀ˱ıֶĲƽɽޡ
˱ȫ, ͸, ŤתĲƽɽ֮ǰΪ׵Ŀ
Ĳƽɽʼɹ˱, ˱ЩҪ(qng)ԸĲƽɽ˵
һ, ˱ҵĲƽɽԼĵĽ˳
, ȥҽԺȼ顣
ĲƽɽҲĲȻôòЩΣ, ǽ˱ȥ
˱ͷûʲô, Ĳƽɽ, Ӧˡ
пϸһȴûзʲô
ҽĽֳ
ѵĲȻԭ
ĵ죬Ĳƽɽ¸֪˳̾š
Ĳе˵̫ãȥĲȻ˵ɣĲƽɽĻ̾˽顣
ţ˵еҸĲȻ˵ɣ
ǳͺʰӵĻᣬ̾ĲȻ
ӣ˱
ܺá㲻û𽥺תˡ
Ҳ˵˵㡣̾ſʼⷢӣô϶(ͦͦ)󰡣
ĲȻЩ˼裬ӰϢˣ
ûУʣûķӦŻʲôģ
ĲȻ֪̾˽ʲôˡ
裬˵ʲôءҽѧԺҵ֪ܲ𣿡
̾żѽǵ㣬˵֤ҲˣҲ㱧ӡ
Ҳ룬ûʲô취
Ҫȥ飿̾˵⡣
ôͻȻ˵
̾Ž˱½˳ĲȻĬȰ
ǻǼ飬ҲеסʵڲУԹӤ
ĲȻȷǸ¡
ȥˣ˵Ǻµġ
ԼҲãʡԺԹ
ôƽһĲȻͬ˳̾ŵĽ顣
ټ֮ʱĲȻﻹǺܽŵġ
һΪԼԭĲȻöԲ˱
յϽû⡣
ҽжʱĲȻһ
Ĳƽɽͳ̾ŵ֪һϢҲеʯͷ
Ҳֻ˳Ȼ!
ڹ˱ָǳٵҽԺʱ֯á
ĲƽɽԿ˿Ƭٹһ¾ͳȬˡ
ĲȻ͹˱ĻͰ(r)̡
һĲƽɽİ壬ʮ·ݾС
˱һ£ʹĲȻУʵԼ֮ǰĲȻµŵԡ
ĲͺºҲˣڵ֪ĲȻ͹˱ҪϢ󣬺Ǹˡ
һɴҲͬһл˫ϲš
˵ǳ̾ţԼһԶŮԼСңͷĶҸкͳɾ͸С
Ժºһ衱̾ŻЩӦ
ĲͺºڼҴסҲʡüʱΡ
ʮ£ĲȻ͹˱Ļٿ
ȻĲͺºһԡ
Ƕѡwнһ⿪ŵׯ԰Ĳƺ
죬˳ӿ
ĲȻͬ£Ĳѣи·ѡ
ѴӲҲ˹Ϊ׵ľǺϣֺꡣ
ϣףȤӳ븻ˣҲֵ֪ܣ
ĲȻ죺˵ǶӳֵܣôʱûΪɣɫѣ
ԩĲҽ»Ͷ빤ȥˡҲ֪˶ӳڣе¶ޣ
˱һЦȻͱ𼷶ˡҪԺ󶼲ҹǣ
(r)ּ䣬͸ΰҲˡ
ĲȻкã
Ÿΰļ򣺡ãĲҽף͹˴úϣ
ĲȻ͸ΰһۣƣҲǺٽӰ
ΰЦЦĲҽǴ׽飡
ĲȻǷչ(ͦͦ)찡
ڶһҳϰࡣ
ѹַչô죬ԭһˡĲȻֹͣͣĵʵʴô
ΰ˵СȻʲߣ(r)ȴ̤̤ʵʵ
ĲȻид
֮ǰĸΰǵ͵ӵܡ
ֳ֮󣬾ȻܳһƴһԿ࣬ѵá
Ƕġ
˼䣬Ȼλ¥ԷĿͣ˲Զ
ΰ˳ǰ˴кԬ壬ôҲˣ
ܸĲȻ͹˱ʶԬɵĸףԬ
ԬЩΣ˵ͷԷû뵽ǽ飬»֣
˱˵ллĲȻȴһԳĬ
ǰʶ϶Լļ
ĲȻ۹䵽ԬβһʮԵĴ롣

ʯ䣬ĲȻ
ǰԬǵڹ¶ԺҪǸ̡
ôȥϡǸģ
ĲȻ𣬶ԬĿ()ѡ
˱о˲Ծһߣʵǹȥʶ
ĲȻЦֹʶ̫̹ˣ
ĲȻ(qng)μ˱һ顣
ԬûϳĲȻʮȥĲȻͲ֮ǰСģ
̨߽ʱûдھ£ԬɸûнĲȻϵ
ֻ֪ĲȻǸ̨߽ġ࿴۱뿪ˡ
ĲȻ꣬ԬȥҪ׷ǰȥҴԬĳ
˱ס
ֳôûбҪ¶ǰǸеǻʰ
ĲȻ룬ϾԼĴ(r)ӡ
˵ĲĻ񣬲ΪԼ°ѽĻ񶼸ˡ
˹˱Ȱ棬ǿЦݣѱ˼ѹȥ
еʢ¡ء
׸ųα(r)ҹơ
˵£ĲȻ͹˱˽䡣
ľһĭ
ĲȻʱȴ˲죬ȫ()Ͷ뵽ⳡȥ
ڼĲȻȥȵĲ˹ףҲĲ١
()װģͬǰĹ˱ĲȻϣʱԶͣһ̣ؼ֤(i)ԡ
ɢʢϯվĻˡ
ص·ĲȻԬ(qng)Σü
ΪŸԼʮجΡ
ȻûóѣǶξԶĴˡ
ĲȻڳ֮Уȫû»ϲá

84.

˱оĲȻ쳣
, ʵǲΪԬ²ģ
ĲȻĬ, ˵һ䣺㲻ùܡ
ĲȻ(qng)ã»֮ҹ˾ȣܿ˯˹ȥ
˱()ص», ֪ʵű˼
˵, ʵʮѿˡ
νж񱨣߽ڣõӡ
, ĲȻ, ԬҲӷ
ֻۿĲȻĽδ, ˵, ˱ôҲðųˡ
˱һҹ, ǰ˸⡣
ԬƷ(), ֮ǰӦòֹĲȻ֡
϶ܺߡ
˱׼Ԭдš
Ȼ, дӬͷСҲǷֹԬϳ
һܺߵĿдġ
ƪʹԬȻ˵¶Ǵ
˵ҪŮ
ŷ, ʲôҲûעôֱͶݵԬĹ˾
ΪԬֻ, ׼һġ
Ͷ˼Σ˱ԬǱûʲô
ôס
˱Ҳû취, ֻо̬չ
ĲȻþͽͶ뵽ȥ, ߶֮¡
˱СĹ۲, ᵽԬ¡
Ĳͺºʮַæ鲻ã׼Сͷص۶
ֱ˸ϼҵıķȥͲûչСͷˡ
wкټĻڣÿ
̾͵촦ǰЩ᲻ãСͷס
ĲȰ裬ֲǲˡҲæʹСͷɻ㣡
֪Щ᲻áѽרɵ¡ͷ((co)co)ģңȻأ
ĲȻǰҲ˶СͷĲ˵磬˵öԡòײҵԼϲҵϣһҪȥߣù
ǰ߾ͽˣĲ绹Щģ˽ٶһ
ˣҪǻƱǿ߰ɣ
ĲȻĿĲͨ죬ָ
˻кĲȻͷһܷɻɫһͷӹֱȥ
ĲȻ²⣬ĲҲС
ãȥ۶Ĳػͬ찿ķɻһ㣬ҵڷɡ
ڵҲĬĬףΪԼĸеԵĸˡ
һ죬ĲȻӲ˳˻۵
˵û()ҩҵԬǰ챻ˡ
Ϊʲô
ΪŮǰŲ岥һϢ
û뵽ö³Ȼֶĵ
һۣһԶȥ
ĲȻʱ˷£
æܵһ̯˷ǰıֽ
棬һбȻӳ
(r)³(r)-----ҩҵ콢ܽ(r)
ϸݣͥжһ
ĲȻ걨ֽһ̫ˣԬҲн죡
ͥ죬Լһȥ
ԬwЭίԱwҵȦ
ˣýͥ룬׼ֳš
ͥǣ浱**ΪɣЩýҪ
ֻͬн׶ü߽
Ԭȡʱµͻơ
̾ȥҵ飬Ԭ쵼лߵ֤ݡ
ƽԺ󣬾ͬһߡ
Ϣ۴󻩡
ͥ(r)ͥڼˡ
ܺߵĸĸ֤˺ˣпطͱ緽ʦ
ͥ£ͥʽʼ
ͯ
Ԭ㲣ͬ£ͷվϯϡ
ĲȻͨر˫Ԭλˡ
ԭԬյһźסˡ
ЩǱŮļҳдġ
ָʹ£ǼΪпܵļҳٰ((Ʊ))ȡ
еſвеĸɴཫЩ̯λˡ
˸ŭԡ
Щ˶ǵײڣûʲô̶Դ
֮ǰһʷڷѣҲ͹Թˡ
ҳΪǵвԼŮĳ±¶˳
ھǷ׷ָ㡣
λӸо·̧ͷ
һ޿̣ٹϧŮ˰
ͷǡԬ֤ݣʱ˷ֹĸֳ߶ӡ
֮ǰ߽İҲһץģ֪ԬǸ߽ͬû֤ݡ
ר飬չԬȫ顣
ͨ£ֲԬļŸУлߡˣƺ֯
ȷ֤ݺѸٽԬ´˵(r)ͥС
Ⱥ߿ѣû뵽Ԭ޲磬ͯŹ
ܺ߼ѣеĿȪˮƿԬ˹ȥŮף
ԬͼԺɥʧʶΪڣӱܶеָء
ȴϽ֤֮£ͷ
ֶ֮ͥԬл߼֯нС
ʵ֤ȷ䣬Ԭ޿ɱ硣
֮ʱ߶ӿ˷֮ͥڡ
гׯԱУ
Աźȫ
Ԭָصлͺ֯ʵ֤ȷʵֶָ֣ζӣӰ󣬱绤ʦҲеı绤Ժɡ
оڷͥ𣺡ա̷涨ﲢоԬͽʮ꣬ûȫƲ
ĲȻԬڷͥڽ˫ۣͷʱ֪ˡ
ô꣬ܿԼĳ˾֮ڷĲȻһʱ˵
𽥼ӿ죬קԱ߹˱֡
֮ʱĲȻ˷ܲѣȴûɥʧʶԱߵ˹ȥ
ιȥǰֻܿ˱潹ǣӣôˣ
ʱĲȻԼ()ϡ
˺ѹˣѹˣ
ĲȻ۾ڿ壬ԱΧһȦˡ
Щɻ󣺵ô£ѵԼΪ̫ιȥ
ôˣ
̾ĲȻʣ
ɵѾͷ㻹֪㻳ˣ
ܣ裬㶺أĲȻĵһӦǲš
ȻԼ()ı仯ֿ˱һҸı(qng)ˡ
̫ˣԼĺˣ
˱˻ڳһѽĲȻ§
ţˣ
ֱת˼ȦСһ㡣
ӣ滳ˣϲϲҾҪ˾ˣԶڵ۶Ĳġ
Ĳҽϲ͹˶ӳϲ¶Ǻϣֺף
()ĳ̾ʼ׼δС·ÿֵúϲ£졣
˱ĲȻɢϡ
«έƮ(())
ĲȻڹ˱ˮһɫ
ã˾䣺˵ǵĺӣʲôֺأ
˱ĸĲȻ(r)¡ĶӣЦЦ⺢ӣĻ϶ܲˡŮľͽйòеľͽйвţ
ĲȻʲô߰ġ
ԶĽˮҼǵãʱǸ죬طΪˮôˮԵŮͽй˺飡
˺飿˱߶˼飬ǰһãͽ
ǡý˴ݺڽʯ֮·ڻӦ֡



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